Impact of water and solution of glycerol on the treatment of sediment by cement

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this recordIn this paper, the effect of glycerol solution on the behaviour of a sediment of a clay soil and its treatment was investigated through a programme of experimental tests. Laboratory tests were conducted to study settlement of the clay soil in water and in solutions of glycerol with different concentrations. Also, treatment of the sediments deposited in water and solutions of glycerol was investigated by adding 5%, 8% and 10% cement to these sediments. Atterberg limits, compaction and unconfined compression tests were conducted on treated and untreated sediments. Comparison of the results showed that the behaviour of the sediments that were deposited in water and in different solutions of glycerol are not the same. The results also indicted that the cement is effective in the treatment of sediments deposited in solutions of glycerol and for a given percent of cement and curing time, the degree of treatment is dependent on the percent of glycerol in the solution. Increasing the concentration of glycerol decreases the strength of the sediment with time. Based on SEM analysis, it was found that the fabric of the soil deposited in water is different from those of the soils deposited in solutions of glycerol

Treatment of a clay soil deposited in saline water by cement

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis (Routledge) via the DOI in this record.The behavior and treatment of a clay soil deposited in natural and saline (sodium chloride) water is studied through experimental tests. A clay soil was deposited in natural water and water with different concentrations of sodium chloride (40, 80 and 150 g/L) in a reservoir at lab. The samples were taken from dry deposited soil and they were treated with 5, 8 and 10% cement. Atterberg limits, compaction and unconfined compression tests were carried out on the deposited soil and treated soil samples. The results show that the physical and mechanical behaviors of soil deposited in natural water and salinity water are not the same and they are function of salt concentration. The results also indicate that cement can improve the strength of the deposited soil in saline water but this improvement is not a direct function of salt concentration. In addition, for a constant salt concentration the strength of treated soil is function of percent of cement and curing time. Based on SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis, it was found that salt concentrations of 80 and 150 g/L may have prevented the interaction between soil and cement in the deposited soil

Properties of sediments deposited in a fluid with different pH

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this recordThe effect of pH on the physical and mechanical properties of a sediment was investigated through a set of experimental tests. The sediment was formed from deposition of suspended particles in a fluid. Two different types of clay soil were suspended in fluids with different pH (2, 4, 7, 9 and 11) in cylindrical tubes with volume of 1 liter and also in special cylindrical reservoirs. The height of the sediment was measured in the cylindrical tube until equilibrium was achieved. The sediment deposited in the reservoirs was dried in air and then Atterberg limit, compaction and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted on samples prepared from each sediment. The results showed that the final height of the settled sediment is a function of pH; the height of sediment is increased with increasing the pH. Also, the Atterberg limits increased with increasing the pH. The maximum dry unit weight and optimum water content decreased and increased with increasing the pH. The final strength of the sediment decreased with increasing pH. Based on the SEM analysis, it was found that the values of pH influence the properties of the formed sediments

Data for: Buckling and postbuckling of advanced grid stiffened truncated conical shells with laminated composite skins

The closed form formulation of buckling load and postbuckling behavior of advanced grid stiffened conical shells with laminated composite skins are translated to code in MATLAB software. All parameters of structure can be defined and then outputs can be evaluated through this code

Data for: Buckling and postbuckling of advanced grid stiffened truncated conical shells with laminated composite skins

The closed form formulation of buckling load and postbuckling behavior of advanced grid stiffened conical shells with laminated composite skins are translated to code in MATLAB software. All parameters of structure can be defined and then outputs can be evaluated through this code

New stage-discharge relationships for radial gates

Calibration of gates under free and submerged flow regimes is a classical hydraulic problem. In this paper dimensional analysis was applied to investigate both free and submerged flow conditions through a radial gate. The original Ferro’s method for submerged flow regime was modified by introducing the maximum allowable tail water depth permitting free flow. Based on Buckingham theorem and applying the Incomplete Self Similarity (ISS) concept different forms of the dimensional equations were proposed. According to the current available experimental data the most accurate dimensionless formula was proposed. The proposed dimensional equation not only is more accurate than the original Ferro’s method but also can be applied for free to submerged flow conditions continuously and through the transition zone. Finally, a new Discharge Reduction Function (DRF) which is applicable for other water measuring structures and gates working under submerged flow condition was identified

PARALLEL JETS EMERGING FROM TWO PARALLEL GATES: DISTINGUISHING FLOW CONDITION

International audienceFrom the practical point of view, it is usual to install two or more gates in parallel in wide channels. Although it is a very common circumstance in the irrigation networks, there are very few studies to investigate the flow through parallel gates. In this study, two gates installed in parallel were considered. Experiments were then performed to investigate the flow regimes at the downstream of the structure. It was found that for the parallel jets with different discharges as differential opening increased, the gates would be more sensitive to be submerged. This pointed out the role of the interaction between jets, involving momentum exchange and modifications of roller structure. Highly non-uniform velocity distribution was observed by the ADV measurements at the downstream of the parallel gates with a closed side. Also, it was experimentally indicated that when one of the gates was kept closed the tailwater depth value associated with the submergence threshold would depend on the tailwater measuring location from the gate significantly

Effects of imperfection shapes on buckling of conical shells under compression

This paper describes a systematic numerical investigation into the nonlinear elastic behavior of conical shells, with various types of initial imperfections, subject to a uniformly distributed axial compression. Three different patterns of imperfections, including first axisymmetric linear bifurcation mode, first non-axisymmetric linear bifurcation mode, and weld depression are studied using geometrically nonlinear (mite element analysis. Effects of each imperfection shape and tapering angle on imperfection sensitivity curves are investigated and the lower bound curve is determined. Finally, an empirical lower bound relation is proposed for hand calculation in the buckling design of conical shells

Closure to "New stage-discharge relationship for weirs of finite crest length"

L'articolo riporta la risposta di chiusura alla discussione sull'articolo originale "New stage-discharge relationship for weirs of finite crest length