Notes on some Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from Iran

زنبور‌های خانواده‌یEncyrtidae از عوامل موفق در کنترل آفات گیاهی و به ویژه شپشک‌های آرد‌آلود می‌باشند. در مطالعات انجام شده در سال‌های 85-1381 که به منظور شناسایی پارازیتوییدهای شپشک‌های آردآلود در استان فارس انجام گرفت، از این خانواده و زیرخانواده‌ی Tetracneminae، گونه‌های Gyranusoidea indica Shafee, Alam & Agarwal از روی شپشک آرد‌آلود Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) روی توت سفید در جهرم،Anagyrus fusciventris (Girault) از روی شپشک آرد‌آلود M. hirsutus روی ختمی در جهرم و Leptomastidea abnormis (Girault) از روی شپشک آرد‌آلود Planococcus ficus (Signoret) روی انگور در میمند شناسایی شد. جنس Gyranusoidea Compere و گونه‌های پارازیتویید مذکور برای اولین‌بار از ایران گزارش می‌شوند. همچنین از زیر‌خانواده‌ی Encyrtinae گونه‌ی Isodromus cf axillaris Timberlake به عنوان پارازیتویید لارو بال‌توری خانواده‌ی Chrysopidae در کلنی شپشک آرد‌آلود جنوب، Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) روی درختان مرکبات جهرم و کازرون شناسایی شد

The first report of the genus and species of Leptomastidea alleni (Hym.: Encyrtidae) from Iran

In the study of natural enemies of mealybugs (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) in Fars province, Iran, a large number of parasitized mealybugs were collected, and the emerged encyrtid species identified as Leptomastidea alleni Noyes & Hayat, 1994. The identification was confirmed by Zhihong Xu, Institute of Applied Entomology, Zhejiang University of China. The genus and species is a new record for Iran. This is also the first report of L. alleni from Palearctic region. This species was collected from Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) on Citrus sinensis (L.), C. aurantium (L.) and Althaea sp., and from Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) on Cupressus sp

The first report of two parasitoid wasps on the larvae of Nephus bipunctatus (Col.: Coccinellidae) from Iran

Nephus (Bipunctatus) bipunctatus (Kugelann) is a predator of Peliococcus kimmericus (Kiritshenko) (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) on Lactuca serriola L. in different parts of the Fars province, Iran. Some parasitized larvae of this predaceous ladybird were collected, and two parasitoid wasps, Homalotylus flaminius (Dalman) and H. sinensis Xu & He (Hym.: Encyrtidae), reared from these larvae in the laboratory conditions. These parasitoids, which are new records for Iran, were identified by Dr Zhihong Xu. Both species are solitary endoparasitoid and the relationship between them and their host are newly reported

The first report of Pseudotorymus stachidis (Hym.: Torymidae) from Iran

Larvae of Dicrodiplosis manihoti Harris (Dip., Cecidomyiidae) are the predator of mealybug ovisacs (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) in Fars province, Iran. Parasitized larvae of this predator were collected from Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) on Citrus sinensis (L.) and reared in the laboratory. Parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Torymidae were consequently collected, and identified as Pseudotorymus stachidis (Mayr) by T. C. Narendran, India. This species is a new record for Iran. The host-parasitoid relationship is also newly recorded

The first report of four parasitoid wasps on Peliococcus kimmericus (Hem.: Pseudococcidae) from Iran

The specimens of the mealybug Peliococcus kimmericus (Kiritshenko) were collected on Lactuca serriola L. from different parts of the Fars province, Iran. Four parasitoid wasps, Anagyrus orbitalis (Ruschka), Leptomastix histrio Mayr, Cheiloneurus kollari (Mayr) and C. paralia (Walker) (Hym.: Encyrtidae), were reared from this mealybug and the identifications confirmed by Dr Zhihong Xu. The relationship between these parasitoids, which are new records for Iran, and their host are newly reported

Systemic Immunologic Consequences of Chronic Periodontitis

Chronic periodontitis (ChP) is a prevalent inflammatory disease affecting 46% of the US population. ChP produces a profound local inflammatory response to dysbiotic oral microbiota that leads to destruction of alveolar bone and tooth loss. ChP is also associated with systemic illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying these adverse health outcomes are poorly understood. In this prospective cohort study, we used a highly multiplex mass cytometry immunoassay to perform an in-depth analysis of the systemic consequences of ChP in patients before (n = 28) and after (n = 16) periodontal treatment. A high-dimensional analysis of intracellular signaling networks revealed immune system–wide dysfunctions differentiating patients with ChP from healthy controls. Notably, we observed exaggerated proinflammatory responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis–derived lipopolysaccharide in circulating neutrophils and monocytes from patients with ChP. Simultaneously, natural killer cell responses to inflammatory cytokines were attenuated. Importantly, the immune alterations associated with ChP were no longer detectable 3 wk after periodontal treatment. Our findings demarcate systemic and cell-specific immune dysfunctions in patients with ChP, which can be temporarily reversed by the local treatment of ChP. Future studies in larger cohorts are needed to test the boundaries of generalizability of our results

Integrated trajectories of the maternal metabolome, proteome, and immunome predict labor onset

Estimating the time of delivery is of high clinical importance because pre- and postterm deviations are associated with complications for the mother and her offspring. However, current estimations are inaccurate. As pregnancy progresses toward labor, major transitions occur in fetomaternal immune, metabolic, and endocrine systems that culminate in birth. The comprehensive characterization of maternal biology that precedes labor is key to understanding these physiological transitions and identifying predictive biomarkers of delivery. Here, a longitudinal study was conducted in 63 women who went into labor spontaneously. More than 7000 plasma analytes and peripheral immune cell responses were analyzed using untargeted mass spectrometry, aptamer-based proteomic technology, and single-cell mass cytometry in serial blood samples collected during the last 100 days of pregnancy. The high-dimensional dataset was integrated into a multiomic model that predicted the time to spontaneous labor [R = 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.79 to 0.89], P = 1.2 × 10−40, N = 53, training set; R = 0.81, 95% CI [0.61 to 0.91], P = 3.9 × 10−7, N = 10, independent test set]. Coordinated alterations in maternal metabolome, proteome, and immunome marked a molecular shift from pregnancy maintenance to prelabor biology 2 to 4 weeks before delivery. A surge in steroid hormone metabolites and interleukin-1 receptor type 4 that preceded labor coincided with a switch from immune activation to regulation of inflammatory responses. Our study lays the groundwork for developing blood-based methods for predicting the day of labor, anchored in mechanisms shared in preterm and term pregnancies