94 research outputs found
Assessing the effectiveness of multi-touch interfaces for DP operation
Navigating a vessel using dynamic positioning (DP) systems close to offshore installations is a challenge. The operator's only possibility of manipulating the system is through its interface, which can be categorized as the physical appearance of the equipment and the visualization of the system. Are there possibilities of interaction between the operator and the system that can reduce strain and cognitive load during DP operations? Can parts of the system (e.g. displays) be physically brought closer to the user to enhance the feeling of control when operating the system? Can these changes make DP operations more efficient and safe? These questions inspired this research project, which investigates the use of multi-touch and hand gestures known from consumer products to directly manipulate the visualization of a vessel in the 3D scene of a DP system. Usability methodologies and evaluation techniques that are widely used in consumer market research were used to investigate how these interaction techniques, which are new to the maritime domain, could make interaction with the DP system more efficient and transparent both during standard and safety-critical operations. After investigating which gestures felt natural to use by running user tests with a paper prototype, the gestures were implemented into a Rolls-Royce DP system and tested in a static environment. The results showed that the test participants performed significantly faster using direct gesture manipulation compared to using traditional button/menu interaction. To support the results from these tests, further tests were carried out. The purpose is to investigate how gestures are performed in a moving environment, using a motion platform to simulate rough sea conditions. The key results and lessons learned from a collection of four user experiments, together with a discussion of the choice of evaluation techniques will be discussed in this paper
Cultural heritage communities: Technologies and challenges
This workshop will explore the role of technology support-ing and mediating cultural heritage practices for both pro-febional communities (cultural heritage profebionals, her-itage institutions, etc.) and civic communities (citizen-led heritage initiatives, heritage volunteers, personal and com-munity identified heritage, heritage crowdsourcing, etc.). The workshop-which aims to attract participants from her-itage studies and practice, community engagement, digital humanities and human-centred computing-will discub challenges and future opportunities for technology use and for design and participatory procebes in the context of var-ious heritage communities, and the role of different stake-holders in engaging with heritage in a technologically-mediated way
Requirements for In-Situ Authoring of Location Based Experiences
In this paper we describe an investigation into the requirements for and the use of in-situ authoring in the creation of location based pervasive and UbiComp experiences. We will focus on the co-design process with users that resulted in a novel visitor experience to a historic country estate. This has informed the design of new, in-situ, authoring tools supplemented with tools for retrospective revisiting and reorganization of content. An initial trial of these new tools will be discussed and conclusions drawn as to the appropriateness of such tools. Further enhancements as part of future trials will also be described
Qualitative study of primary care clinicians\u27 views on point-of-care testing for C-reactive protein for acute respiratory tract infections in family medicine.
OBJECTIVE: To explore clinicians views of the barriers and facilitators to use of C-reactive protein (CRP) point-of-care tests (POCT) in US family medicine clinics for the management of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in adults.
SETTING: Five family medicine clinics across two US states.
PARTICIPANTS: 30 clinicians including 18 physicians, 9 physician residents, 2 physician assistants and 1 nurse practitioner, took part in the study.
DESIGN: A qualitative study using a grounded theory approach to thematically analyse focus group interviews.
RESULTS: These clinicians had limited access to diagnostic tests for patients with ARTI, and very little knowledge of CRP POCT. Three major themes were identified and included the potential clinical role of CRP POCT, concerns related to implementing CRP POCT and evidence needed prior to wider adoption in family medicine. Clinicians believed CRP POCT could support decision-making for some presentations of ARTIs and patient populations when used in conjunction with clinical criteria. Clinicians had concerns about possible overuse and inaccuracy of CRP POCT which they believed might increase antibiotic prescribing rates. Other concerns identified included integration of the test with clinic workflows and cost-effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians stand at the forefront of antibiotic stewardship efforts, but have few diagnostic tests to help them confidently manage ARTIs. CRP POCT may facilitate some aspects of clinical practice. Incorporating CRP POCT with clinical guidelines may strengthen utility of this test, when there is diagnostic uncertainty
Physicality and Cooperative Design
CSCW researchers have increasingly come to realize that material work setting and its population of artefacts play a crucial part in coordination of distributed or co-located work. This paper uses the notion of physicality as a basis to understand cooperative work. Using examples from an ongoing fieldwork on cooperative design practices, it provides a conceptual understanding of physicality and shows that material settings and co-worker’s working practices play an important role in understanding physicality of cooperative design
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Patient Willingness to Have Tests to Guide Antibiotic Use for Respiratory Tract Infections: From the WWAMI Region Practice and Research Network (WPRN).
INTRODUCTION: The majority of consultations for acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) lead to prescriptions for antibiotics, which have limited clinical benefit. We explored patients' willingness to have blood tests as part of the diagnostic work-up for RTIs, and patient knowledge about antibiotics. METHODS: Patients at 6 family medicine clinics were surveyed. Regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of willingness to have venous and point-of-care (POC) blood tests, and knowledge of the value of antibiotics for RTIs. RESULTS: Data were collected from 737 respondents (response rate 83.8%), of whom 65.7% were women, 60.1% were white, and 25.1% were current smokers; patients' mean age was 46.9 years. Sex (female), race (white), and a preference to avoid antibiotics were independent predictors of greater level of antibiotic knowledge. A total of 63.1% were willing to have a venous draw and 79% a POC blood test, to help guide antibiotic decision-making. Non-American Indian/Alaskan Native race, current smoking, and greater knowledge of antibiotics were independent predictors of willingness to have a POC test. CONCLUSION: A large majority of patients seemed willing to have POC tests to facilitate antibiotic prescribing decisions for RTIs. Poor knowledge about antibiotics suggests better education regarding antibiotic use might influence patient attitudes towards use of antibiotics for RTIs
Visualizing biological data in museums: Visitor learning with an interactive tree of life exhibit
Mapper of the IGM Spin Temperature (MIST): Instrument Overview
The observation of the global 21 cm signal produced by neutral hydrogen gas
in the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Dark Ages, Cosmic Dawn, and Epoch
of Reionization requires measurements with extremely well-calibrated wideband
radiometers. We describe the design and characterization of the Mapper of the
IGM Spin Temperature (MIST), which is a new ground-based, single-antenna,
global 21 cm experiment. The design of MIST was guided by the objectives of
avoiding systematics from an antenna ground plane and cables around the
antenna, as well as maximizing the instrument's on-sky efficiency and
portability for operations at remote sites. We have built two MIST instruments,
which observe in the range 25-105 MHz. For the 21 cm signal, this frequency
range approximately corresponds to redshifts 55.5 > z > 12.5, encompassing the
Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn. The MIST antenna is a horizontal blade dipole of
2.42 m in length, 60 cm in width, and 52 cm in height above the ground. This
antenna operates without a metal ground plane. The instruments run on 12 V
batteries and have a maximum power consumption of 17 W. The batteries and
electronics are contained in a single receiver box located under the antenna.
We present the characterization of the instruments using electromagnetic
simulations and lab measurements. We also show sample sky measurements from
recent observations at remote sites in California, Nevada, and the Canadian
High Arctic. These measurements indicate that the instruments perform as
expected. Detailed analyses of the sky measurements are left for future work.Comment: Comments welcom
Near optimal single photon sources in the solid state
Single-photons are key elements of many future quantum technologies, be it
for the realisation of large-scale quantum communication networks for quantum
simulation of chemical and physical processes or for connecting quantum
memories in a quantum computer. Scaling quantum technologies will thus require
efficient, on-demand, sources of highly indistinguishable single-photons.
Semiconductor quantum dots inserted in photonic structures are ultrabright
single photon sources, but the photon indistinguishability is limited by charge
noise induced by nearby surfaces. The current state of the art for
indistinguishability are parametric down conversion single-photon sources, but
they intrinsically generate multiphoton events and hence must be operated at
very low brightness to maintain high single photon purity. To date, no
technology has proven to be capable of providing a source that simultaneously
generates near-unity indistinguishability and pure single photons with high
brightness. Here, we report on such devices made of quantum dots in
electrically controlled cavity structures. We demonstrate on-demand, bright and
ultra-pure single photon generation. Application of an electrical bias on
deterministically fabricated devices is shown to fully cancel charge noise
effects. Under resonant excitation, an indistinguishability of
is evidenced with a . The photon
extraction of and measured brightness of make this source
times brighter than any source of equal quality. This new generation of
sources open the way to a new level of complexity and scalability in optical
quantum manipulation
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