The risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection from the administration of different classes of antibiotics and their combinations to children in an oncological hospital

Patients in pediatric oncological hospitals are at risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in patients who are treated with antibiotics of different classes and their combinations by way of a retrospective analysis of 122 patient records. It was shown that the administration of antibacterial chemotherapeutic drugs that belong to the classes of nitrofurans (enterofuryl), sulfonamides (biseptol), cephalosporins, and macrolides/azalides significantly increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. On the contrary, treatment with antibiotics of different classes, such as linezolid, colistin, and metronidazole, significantly reduced the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The use of penicillins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, and carbapenems was not associated with the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. The administration of one or two antimicrobial drugs of different classes increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection while a combination of three different types of antimicrobial drugs lowered the rate of this infection in pediatric patients.Patients in pediatric oncological hospitals are at risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in patients who are treated with antibiotics of different classes and their combinations by way of a retrospective analysis of 122 patient records. It was shown that the administration of antibacterial chemotherapeutic drugs that belong to the classes of nitrofurans (enterofuryl), sulfonamides (biseptol), cephalosporins, and macrolides/azalides significantly increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. On the contrary, treatment with antibiotics of different classes, such as linezolid, colistin, and metronidazole, significantly reduced the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The use of penicillins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, and carbapenems was not associated with the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. The administration of one or two antimicrobial drugs of different classes increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection while a combination of three different types of antimicrobial drugs lowered the rate of this infection in pediatric patients

Clostridium difficile инфекции у пациентов детского онкологического стационара: проблемы культивирования анаэробной кишечной флоры и лечения

In recent years, the number of infectious diseases caused by Clostridium difficile in the world has grown with a significant increase in relapses and mortality in patients, particularly among the cancer patients in hospitals. There is also observed an increase in the resistance of Clostridium difficile to the first-line drugs, namely metronidazole and vancomycin, which makes the search for new methods of treatment and prevention of this infection even more urgent. In this review, we analyze the recent data on the methods of cultivation and isolation of the pure bacterial culture of Clostridium difficile and other anaerobic enteropathogens over the course of enterocolitis treatment with antimicrobial drugs in pediatric patients with oncopathology. Novel approaches to the therapy of this infection are discussed. В последние годы в мире наблюдается рост числа инфекционных заболеваний, вызванных Clostridium difficile со значительным увеличением рецидивов и смертности, в том числе среди онкологических больных – пациентов стационаров. Отмечается также рост резистентности Clostridium difficile к препаратам первой линии терапии, а именно к метронидазолу и ванкомицину, что делает актуальным поиск новых методов лечения и профилактики данной инфекции. Мы проанализировали данные последних лет по методам культивирования Clostridium difficile, связанные с получением чистой культуры Clostridium difficile и других анаэробных энтеропатогенов при энтероколитах у детей с онкопатологией на фоне приема антимикробных препаратов, а также современные подходы к терапии данной инфекции.

Риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции, связанный с применением различных групп антибиотиков и их сочетаний, у детей в онкологическом стационаре

Patients in pediatric oncological hospitals are at risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in patients who are treated with antibiotics of different classes and their combinations by way of a retrospective analysis of 122 patient records. It was shown that the administration of antibacterial chemotherapeutic drugs that belong to the classes of nitrofurans (enterofuryl), sulfonamides (biseptol), cephalosporins, and macrolides/azalides significantly increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. On the contrary, treatment with antibiotics of different classes, such as linezolid, colistin, and metronidazole, significantly reduced the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection. The use of penicillins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, glycopeptides, and carbapenems was not associated with the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection in pediatric patients. The administration of one or two antimicrobial drugs of different classes increased the risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection while a combination of three different types of antimicrobial drugs lowered the rate of this infection in pediatric patients.Пациенты детского онкологического стационара находятся в группе риска развития Clostridium difficile инфекции. Цель данного исследования состояла в определении степени риска развития Clostridium difficile инфекции в детском онкологическом стационаре при применении различных групп антибиотиков и их сочетаний. В результате было показано, что применение антибактериальных химиотерапевтических препаратов, принадлежащих к группам нитрофуранов (энтерофурил), сульфаниламидов (бисептол), цефалоспоринов и макролидов/азалидов, достоверно повышало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции у детей – пациентов стационара. Применение таких антибиотиков, как линезолид, колистин и метронидазол, достоверно снижало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции. Применение пенициллинов, аминогликозидов, фторхинолонов, гликопептидов, карбопенемов не было связано с риском развития Clostridium difficile инфекции у детей, находящихся на лечении в онкологическом стационаре. Применение одного или двух антибактериальных химиотерапевтических препаратов, принадлежащих к разным группам, увеличивало риск развития Clostridium difficile инфекции по сравнению с применением препаратов трех групп