Stable Isotope Event Markers Near the Permo-Triassic Boundary in the Karavanke Mountains (Slovenia)

Stable isotope analyses of carbonates and organic matter from the Permo-Triassic boundary section in the Karavanke Mountains, Slovenia, indicate a further example of the “light carbon” event across the boundary. In this section the changes in carbon isotope values were a direct result of the culmination of the marine regression and associated events at the end of the Permian, which caused a drop in primary productivity, as well as related local environmental changes, with no evidence of any considerable diagenetic overprint

KINEMATIC, KINETIC AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SPRINTING STRIDE OF TOP FEMALE SPRINTERS

The main purpose of this study was to find those kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic parameters of the sprinting stride that most affect maximal velocity of top female sprinters. A 20 m flying start test was made with a sample of four female sprinters of the Slovene National team. In addition to maximal velocity, nine kinetic parameters in the contact phase of the sprinting stride were measured. It was found that the most important generators of maximal velocity are: duration of contact phase, duration of braking phase, minimal braking impulse, maximal impulse in propulsion phase, preserving maximal horizontal velocity of CG in braking phase and maximal grabbing velocity of the foot in the forward contact phase. In light of the EMG activation, m. biceps femoris is one of the most important muscles in the sprint

DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE STARTING ACTION AND STARTING ACCELERATION

The objective of the analysis has been to establish some most important parameters of the starting action and their correlation with the starting acceleration. The sample of tested subjects comprised 8 male sprinters and 6 female sprinters of the national team of Slovenia. The criterion test was a 30-m sprint from the crouch start. The parameters of the starting action were measured by special electronic starting blocks, and the parameters of the starting acceleration by a system of photocells, placed at spacings of 5-10-15-20-25-30 metres. In the analysis, 16 variables of the starting action and 6 variables of the starting acceleration have been considered. In order to establish the association between the starting action and starting acceleration, the method of correlation analysis at an error probability level of 5% was adopted. The largest differences between male and female sprinters have been established in the magnitude of the horizontal force and the force impulse exerted on the starting blocks, while the smallest differences can be seen in the reaction times. The results of correlation analysis show that the starting acceleration in male sprinters is primarily correlated with the starting reaction time (R= 0.83), the maximal pressure exerted on the front starting block (R= 0.78), and the force gradient on the front starting block (R=0.60). However, in female sprinters, the efficiency of the starting acceleration depends on the latent reaction time (R=0.63), the starting reaction time (R=0.92), the maximal pressure exerted on the rear starting block (R=0.66), and the impulse of the push-off force exerted on the rear starting block (R=0.74). The diagrams of the starting acceleration show that male sprinters perform the push-off from the starting blocks in an eccentric-concentric manner, while female sprinters carry it out in a concentric manner. The results obtained are important for the optimisation of the starting technique and starting speed. At the same time they also enable us better control and planning of the process of technical training of Sprinters

Recent Sediments of Makirina Cove (Northern Dalmatia, Croatia): Their Origin Viewed Through a Multidisciplinary Approach

Makirina Cove was formed by the Holocene sea-level rise which caused a marine ingression into the depression formed within Albian–Cenomanian dolomites at approximately 4.5 ka B.P. At present, Makirina Cove represents an restricted, stressed, shallow-marine (<2m) ecosystem characterized by varying seawater temperatures (0–35°C) as well as fluctuating salinities (up to 41‰) affected by seasonally enhanced evaporation, continuous freshwater supply through on-shore and submarine springs associated with the coastal karst area and surface run-off episodes. These environmental conditions have been conducive to high primary production of organic matter resulting in the formation of organic-rich deposits which contain up to 5 wt.% of organic carbon. Up to the present times, 3.5 m of sediments have been deposited indicating a relatively high sedimentation rate estimated at 0.75 m/1.0 ka in the northern central part of the Cove. The sediments are being deposited mostly as poorly sorted clayey–sandy silts. The distribution and concentration of most of the chemical elements is dependant on the mineralogical composition and granulometric features of the Makirina sediments, which show values more or less similar to those from the Central Adriatic. Accordingly, there is a positive correlation with Al and K concentrations increasing off-shore and with the depth being associated with increasing concentrations of clay minerals within the clay fraction. The same holds true for concentrations of some trace elements, especially Mo and Se which is consistent with the distribution pattern of sulphides. Selenium is preferentially enriched in authigenic pyrite and it is probably the major source of Se in the Makirina Cove sediments. The concentrations of Ca, Mg and Sr decrease off-shore and they are linked to the composition of the surrounding carbonate rocks. The saturation indices show that the water is supersaturated with respect to carbonates enabling the precipitation of authigenic amorphous or crystalline carbonate phases from the pore water in the upper segment of the sediment column. According to the oxygen isotopic (δ18O) composition, molluscs precipitated their carbonate shells mostly during warmer periods (May to November) at or near isotopic equilibrium with their ambient waters. The carbon isotopic δ13C composition of mollusc carbonate shells is environmentally affected due to oxidation and decomposition of organic matter as well as influxes of fresh water into the Cove, indicating their formation out of the predicted isotopic equilibrium with atmospheric CO2. Palynological and organic carbon isotopic (δ13C) composition shows that the sedimentary organic matter (SOM) is 70–90% lipid- and hydrogen-rich and on average 2/3 marine derived (mainly phytoplankton, bacteria and marine macrophytes) and 1/3 terrestrially derived (mainly woody tissue). The variations in composition of SOM have been noted as a function of the distance from the shore. The type and the preservation state of SOM and pyrite as well as the measurements of Eh, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements, indicate oxygen-depleted depositional conditions and that the sediment is highly reductive even in the uppermost segment at the sediment/water interface. According to the results obtained from the applied methods, the features of Makirina sediments strongly reflect the given depositional conditions within this restricted, stressed, shallow-marine environment where these organic-rich sediments originate, and may therefore serve as a calibration standard in further investigations

Recent Sediments of Makirina Cove (Northern Dalmatia, Croatia): Their Origin Viewed Through a Multidisciplinary Approach

Makirina Cove was formed by the Holocene sea-level rise which caused a marine ingression into the depression formed within Albian–Cenomanian dolomites at approximately 4.5 ka B.P. At present, Makirina Cove represents an restricted, stressed, shallow-marine (<2m) ecosystem characterized by varying seawater temperatures (0–35°C) as well as fluctuating salinities (up to 41‰) affected by seasonally enhanced evaporation, continuous freshwater supply through on-shore and submarine springs associated with the coastal karst area and surface run-off episodes. These environmental conditions have been conducive to high primary production of organic matter resulting in the formation of organic-rich deposits which contain up to 5 wt.% of organic carbon. Up to the present times, 3.5 m of sediments have been deposited indicating a relatively high sedimentation rate estimated at 0.75 m/1.0 ka in the northern central part of the Cove. The sediments are being deposited mostly as poorly sorted clayey–sandy silts. The distribution and concentration of most of the chemical elements is dependant on the mineralogical composition and granulometric features of the Makirina sediments, which show values more or less similar to those from the Central Adriatic. Accordingly, there is a positive correlation with Al and K concentrations increasing off-shore and with the depth being associated with increasing concentrations of clay minerals within the clay fraction. The same holds true for concentrations of some trace elements, especially Mo and Se which is consistent with the distribution pattern of sulphides. Selenium is preferentially enriched in authigenic pyrite and it is probably the major source of Se in the Makirina Cove sediments. The concentrations of Ca, Mg and Sr decrease off-shore and they are linked to the composition of the surrounding carbonate rocks. The saturation indices show that the water is supersaturated with respect to carbonates enabling the precipitation of authigenic amorphous or crystalline carbonate phases from the pore water in the upper segment of the sediment column. According to the oxygen isotopic (δ18O) composition, molluscs precipitated their carbonate shells mostly during warmer periods (May to November) at or near isotopic equilibrium with their ambient waters. The carbon isotopic δ13C composition of mollusc carbonate shells is environmentally affected due to oxidation and decomposition of organic matter as well as influxes of fresh water into the Cove, indicating their formation out of the predicted isotopic equilibrium with atmospheric CO2. Palynological and organic carbon isotopic (δ13C) composition shows that the sedimentary organic matter (SOM) is 70–90% lipid- and hydrogen-rich and on average 2/3 marine derived (mainly phytoplankton, bacteria and marine macrophytes) and 1/3 terrestrially derived (mainly woody tissue). The variations in composition of SOM have been noted as a function of the distance from the shore. The type and the preservation state of SOM and pyrite as well as the measurements of Eh, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements, indicate oxygen-depleted depositional conditions and that the sediment is highly reductive even in the uppermost segment at the sediment/water interface. According to the results obtained from the applied methods, the features of Makirina sediments strongly reflect the given depositional conditions within this restricted, stressed, shallow-marine environment where these organic-rich sediments originate, and may therefore serve as a calibration standard in further investigations

Attitudes of the inhabitants of Hrvatsko zagorje on the general role of forests and forestry

U članku se izvještava o istraživanjima stajališta stanovništva o općem značenju i ulozi šuma i šumarstva na lokalnoj razini. Ciljanim upitnikom bilo je obuhvaćeno 50 ispitanika, pri čemu je približno polovica intervjuirana u urbanoj, a druga polovica u ruralnoj sredini. Stavovi stanovništva ispitivani su vezano za najznačajnije ekološke probleme i ulogu šuma, pojmove, održivi razvitak i potrajno gospodarenje, ocjenu stanja šuma u RH i najvažnije poslove vezane za šumske ekosustave, kvalitetu gospodarenja šumama i dr. Nalazi i izvješća iz predmetnog istraživanja za šumarsku struku mogu biti objektivna polazišta u oblikovanju strategije odnosa s javnošću. Za lokalne vlasti ta su istraživanja dobrodošao uvid u stanje i razinu upoznatosti stanovništva s najširim pitanjima zaštite okoliša, a za lokalne udruge putokaz u smislu definiranja područja i načina njihova djelovanja – posebno onih aktivnosti koja bi se odnosila na pitanja s kojima javnost nije upoznata ili ih nedovoljno razumije.The paper reports on the survey aimed at assessing the attitudes of the population on the general importance and role of forests and forestry at the local level. The target questionnaire involved 50 respondents, of which about half were interviewed in the urban and the other half in the rural community. The attidudes surveyed included the most important ecological problems and the role of forests, the concepts of sustainable development and sustainable management, the evaluation of the forest condition in the Republic of Croatia and the most important tasks related to forest ecosystems, the quality of forest management and others. Findings and reports from the survey provide the forestry profession with objective starting points for the establishment of a public relations strategy in the following segments: • Improvement of the system of information – internal and outwards • Promotion of ecological education • Development and stimulation of media interest • Strenghtening the economic role of forestry and the social role of the forestry profession • Involvement of the public in making decisions concerning forest ecosystems. In addition, this survey provides the local authority with a useful insight into the condition and level of population awareness of the broadest issues of environment quality. Moreover, local associations are given useful guidelines in the sense of defining areas and methods of their activities – in particular those activities concerned with the issues that are either unfamiliar or unsufficiently familiar to the general public

Attitudes of the inhabitants of Hrvatsko zagorje on the general role of forests and forestry

U članku se izvještava o istraživanjima stajališta stanovništva o općem značenju i ulozi šuma i šumarstva na lokalnoj razini. Ciljanim upitnikom bilo je obuhvaćeno 50 ispitanika, pri čemu je približno polovica intervjuirana u urbanoj, a druga polovica u ruralnoj sredini. Stavovi stanovništva ispitivani su vezano za najznačajnije ekološke probleme i ulogu šuma, pojmove, održivi razvitak i potrajno gospodarenje, ocjenu stanja šuma u RH i najvažnije poslove vezane za šumske ekosustave, kvalitetu gospodarenja šumama i dr. Nalazi i izvješća iz predmetnog istraživanja za šumarsku struku mogu biti objektivna polazišta u oblikovanju strategije odnosa s javnošću. Za lokalne vlasti ta su istraživanja dobrodošao uvid u stanje i razinu upoznatosti stanovništva s najširim pitanjima zaštite okoliša, a za lokalne udruge putokaz u smislu definiranja područja i načina njihova djelovanja – posebno onih aktivnosti koja bi se odnosila na pitanja s kojima javnost nije upoznata ili ih nedovoljno razumije.The paper reports on the survey aimed at assessing the attitudes of the population on the general importance and role of forests and forestry at the local level. The target questionnaire involved 50 respondents, of which about half were interviewed in the urban and the other half in the rural community. The attidudes surveyed included the most important ecological problems and the role of forests, the concepts of sustainable development and sustainable management, the evaluation of the forest condition in the Republic of Croatia and the most important tasks related to forest ecosystems, the quality of forest management and others. Findings and reports from the survey provide the forestry profession with objective starting points for the establishment of a public relations strategy in the following segments: • Improvement of the system of information – internal and outwards • Promotion of ecological education • Development and stimulation of media interest • Strenghtening the economic role of forestry and the social role of the forestry profession • Involvement of the public in making decisions concerning forest ecosystems. In addition, this survey provides the local authority with a useful insight into the condition and level of population awareness of the broadest issues of environment quality. Moreover, local associations are given useful guidelines in the sense of defining areas and methods of their activities – in particular those activities concerned with the issues that are either unfamiliar or unsufficiently familiar to the general public

LAPPD operation using ToFPETv2 PETSYS ASIC

Single photon sensitive detectors used in high energy physics are, in some applications, required to cover very large areas, and more specifically in very strong demand with an ever finer imaging and timing capability for Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector (RICH) configurations. We are evaluating the Large Area Picosecond Photo-detector (LAPPD) produced by INCOM company, as a possible candidate for future RICH detector upgrades. In this work we perform tests on the first generation device, which is capacitively coupled to a custom designed anode back plane, consisting of various pixels and strips varying in size, that allows for connecting various readout systems such as standard laboratory equipment, as well as the TOFPET2 ASIC from PETsys company [2]. Our aim is to evaluate what can be achieved by merging currently available technology, in order to find directions for future developments adapted for specific uses.Comment: Twepp 2022 workshop proceeding