6,762 research outputs found
Percolation in Networks with Voids and Bottlenecks
A general method is proposed for predicting the asymptotic percolation
threshold of networks with bottlenecks, in the limit that the sub-net mesh size
goes to zero. The validity of this method is tested for bond percolation on
filled checkerboard and "stack-of-triangle" lattices. Thresholds for the
checkerboard lattices of different mesh sizes are estimated using the gradient
percolation method, while for the triangular system they are found exactly
using the triangle-triangle transformation. The values of the thresholds
approach the asymptotic values of 0.64222 and 0.53993 respectively as the mesh
is made finer, consistent with a direct determination based upon the predicted
critical corner-connection probability.Comment: to appear, Physical Review E. Small changes from first versio
Shading and Smothering of Gamma Ray Bursts
The gamma ray burst (GRB) 980425 is distinctive in that it seems to be
associated with supernova (SN) 1998bw, has no X-ray afterglow, and has a single
peak light curve and a soft spectrum. The supernova is itself unusual in that
its expansion velocity exceeds c/6. We suggest that many of these features can
be accounted for with the hypothesis that we observe the GRB along a penumbral
line of sight that contains mainly photons that have scattered off ejected
baryons. The hypothesis suggests a baryon poor jet (BPJ) existing within a
baryon rich outflow. The sharp distinction can be attributed to whether or not
the magnetic field lines thread an event horizon. Such a configuration suggests
that there will be some non-thermal acceleration of pick-up ex-neutrons within
the BPJ. This scenario might produce observable spallation products and
neutrinos.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ
The lowest singlet-triplet excitation energy of BN: a converged coupled cluster perspective
The notoriously small excitation energy of the BN
diatomic has been calculated using high-order coupled cluster methods.
Convergence has been established in both the 1-particle basis set and the
coupled cluster expansion. Explicit inclusion of connected quadruple
excitations is required for even semiquantitative agreement with
the limit value, while connected quintuple excitations still have
an effect of about 60 cm. Still higher excitations only account for
about 10 cm. Inclusion of inner-shell correlation further reduces
by about 60 cm at the CCSDT, and 85 cm at the CCSDTQ level. Our
best estimate, =18340 cm, is in excellent agreement with
earlier calculations and experiment, albeit with a smaller (and conservative)
uncertainty. The dissociation energy of BN() is =105.740.16
kcal/mol and =103.570.16 kcal/mol.Comment: J. Chem. Phys., in pres
Finite-size effects in tunneling between parallel quantum wires
We present theoretical calculations and experimental measurements which
reveal finite-size effects in the tunneling between two parallel quantum wires,
fabricated at the cleaved edge of a GaAs/AlGaAs bilayer heterostructure.
Observed oscillations in the differential conductance, as a function of bias
voltage and applied magnetic field, provide direct information on the shape of
the confining potential. Superimposed modulations indicate the existence of two
distinct excitation velocities, as expected from spin-charge separation.Comment: Accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 7/200
FINITE H-DIMENSION DOES NOT IMPLY EXPRESSIVE COMPLETENESS
Accepted versio
Formation of iron nitride thin films with Al and Ti additives
In this work we investigate the process of iron nitride (Fe-N) phase
formation using 2 at.% Al or 2 at.% Ti as additives. The samples were prepared
with a magnetron sputtering technique using different amount of nitrogen during
the deposition process. The nitrogen partial pressure (\pn) was varied between
0-50% (rest Argon) and the targets of pure Fe, [Fe+Ti] and [Fe+Al] were
sputtered. The addition of small amount of Ti or Al results in improved
soft-magnetic properties when sputtered using \pn 10\p. When \pn is
increased to 50\p non-magnetic Fe-N phases are formed. We found that iron
mononitride (FeN) phases (N at% 50) are formed with Al or Ti addition at
\pn =50% whereas in absence of such addition \eFeN phases (N\pat30) are
formed. It was found that the overall nitrogen content can be increased
significantly with Al or Ti additions. On the basis of obtained result we
propose a mechanism describing formation of Fe-N phases Al and Ti additives.Comment: 9 Pages, 7 Figure
Hadron multiplicity in pp and AA collisions at LHC from the Color Glass Condensate
We provide quantitative predictions for the rapidity, centrality and energy
dependencies of inclusive charged-hadron productions for the forthcoming LHC
measurements in nucleus-nucleus collisions based on the idea of gluon
saturation in the color-glass condensate framework. Our formulation gives very
good descriptions of the first data from the LHC for the inclusive
charged-hadron production in proton-proton collisions, the deep inelastic
scattering at HERA at small Bjorken-x, and the hadron multiplicities in
nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figures; v3: minor changes, one reference added, results
unchanged, the version to appear in Phys. Rev.
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