Thermochemical closure in high-speed flows

A model for the thermochemical closure in high-speed turbulent flows with nonpremixed reactants is presented, based on relatively lenient assumptions involving, inter alia, equilibrium chemistry, and the ratio density/pressure being pressure independent. The proposed approach is based on the introduction of a presumed joint pdf of the conserved scalar and an appropriately defined nondimensional enthalpy gap, for which plausible shapes are assumed. The model is applied to a test case concerning a supersonic hydrogen/vitiated air flame for a check of its consistency; results indicate good performance for both the mean and the rms of state quantities. The assumption of pressure independence is verified, and an indication of errors involved in overlooking thermochemical closure is also given. An extension to flows involving finite-rate chemistry and differential diffusion is also briefly presented, though requiring a quite extensive flamelet library

Efficacy and Tolerability of a New Pharmaceutical Form of Betamethasone Valerate in the Prevention of Hypertrophic Scars following Anterior Trunk Plastic Surgery: A Preliminary Exploratory Study

Hypertrophic scars are fibroproliferative diseases of the skin. Many treatment options are now available, but none is completely effective. The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of a betamethasone valerate (BMV) 2.25 mg plaster versus no treatment in the prevention of hypertrophic scars after anterior trunk plastic surgery. An exploratory, open, prospective, controlled study was carried out on 16 consecutive patients with postoperative wounds. A 12-week daily treatment was initiated after wounds cicatrisation. The effect of a daily application of the plaster was compared to no treatment by dividing the wound into 2–4 parts. The wound evaluation was performed during the treatment period at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, and 6 months after the end of the treatment. A total of 60 wounds was evaluated. Pain and itching improved in both groups after 12 weeks. However, only the wounds treated with BMV plaster showed a significantly greater and more rapid improvement as compared with the non-treated wounds after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment in all the evaluated parameters (p<0.0001). The efficacy and tolerability of BMV plaster in the prevention of hypertrophic scar development is promising

La chirurgia di revisione dell'artroprotesi d'anca

CD Education Program Stryker Italia Testo depositato presso la Biblioteca del CNR ROM