1,305 research outputs found
Transverse instability of the antiproton beam in the Recycler Ring
The brightness of the antiproton beam in Fermilab's 8 GeV Recycler ring is
limited by a transverse instability. This instability has occurred during the
extraction process to the Tevatron for large stacks of antiprotons even with
dampers in operation. This paper describes observed features of the
instability, introduces the threshold phase density to characterize the beam
stability, and finds the results to be in agreement with a resistive wall
instability model. Effective exclusion of the longitudinal tails from Landau
damping by decreasing the depth of the RF potential well is observed to lower
the threshold density by up to a factor of two.Comment: 3 pp. Particle Accelerator, 24th Conference (PAC'11) 2011. 28 Mar - 1
Apr 2011. New York, US
The Septa for LEIR Extraction and PS Injection
The Low Energy Ion Ring (LEIR) is part of the CERN LHC injector chain for ions. The LEIR extraction uses a pulsed magnetic septum, clamped around a metallic vacuum chamber. Apart from separating the ultra high vacuum in the LEIR ring from the less good vacuum in the transfer line to the PS this chamber also serves as magnetic screen and retains the septum conductor in place. The PS ion injection septum consists of a pulsed laminated magnet under vacuum, featuring a single-turn water cooled coil and a remote positioning system. The design, the construction and the commissioning of both septa are described
Does wilderness therapy reduce recidivism in delinquent adolescents?: A narrative review
Adolescent recidivism rates remain high in the United States despite the fact juvenile crime has declined since the 1990’s. Wilderness therapy (WT) is an emerging treatment approach for adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system. This review examines outcome studies utilizing a wilderness therapy program in an effort to reduce adolescent recidivism. Studies were eligible if they: (a) evaluated a WT intervention, (b) utilized an adolescent population, (c) included a measure of recidivism as an outcome variable, and were (d) published in English between 1990 and June of 2010 in a peer-reviewed journal. A total of seven studies on WT were included, and the majority of studies indicated mildly positive short-term results though long-term effects were mixed. The overall quality of the evaluations designs was low, indicating the need for better controlled and longer term experimental evaluations
Undulation Instability of Epithelial Tissues
Treating the epithelium as an incompressible fluid adjacent to a viscoelastic
stroma, we find a novel hydrodynamic instability that leads to the formation of
protrusions of the epithelium into the stroma. This instability is a candidate
for epithelial fingering observed in vivo. It occurs for sufficiently large
viscosity, cell-division rate and thickness of the dividing region in the
epithelium. Our work provides physical insight into a potential mechanism by
which interfaces between epithelia and stromas undulate, and potentially by
which tissue dysplasia leads to cancerous invasion.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Factors Responsible for the Stability and the Existence of a Clean Energy Gap of a Silicon Nanocluster
We present a critical theoretical study of electronic properties of silicon
nanoclusters, in particular the roles played by symmetry, relaxation, and
hydrogen passivation on the the stability, the gap states and the energy gap of
the system using the order-N [O(N)] non-orthogonal tight-binding molecular
dynamics and the local analysis of electronic structure.Comment: 26 pages including figure
Community interventions with women's groups to improve women's and children's health in India: a mixed-methods systematic review of effects, enablers and barriers
Introduction: India is home to over 6 million women’s
groups, including self-help groups. There has been no
evidence synthesis on whether and how such groups
improve women’s and children’s health.
Methods: We did a mixed-methods systematic review of
quantitative and qualitative studies on women’s groups
in India to examine effects on women and children’s
health and to identify enablers and barriers to achieving
outcomes. We searched 10 databases and included
studies published in English from 2000 to 2019 measuring
health knowledge, behaviours or outcomes. Our study
population included adult women and children under
5 years. We appraised studies using standard risk of bias
assessments. We compared intervention effects by level of
community participation, scope of capability strengthening
(individual, group or community), type of women’s group
and social and behaviour change techniques employed. We
synthesised quantitative and qualitative studies to identify
barriers and enablers related to context, intervention
design and implementation, and outcome characteristics.
Findings: We screened 21 380 studies and included
99: 19 randomised controlled trial reports, 25 quasiexperimental study reports and 55 non-experimental
studies (27 quantitative and 28 qualitative). Experimental
studies provided moderate-quality evidence that health
interventions with women’s groups can improve perinatal
practices, neonatal survival, immunisation rates and
women’s and children’s dietary diversity, and help control
vector-borne diseases. Evidence of positive effects was
strongest for community mobilisation interventions that
built communities’ capabilities and went beyond sharing
information. Key enablers were inclusion of vulnerable
community members, outcomes that could be reasonably
expected to change through community interventions
and intensity proportionate to ambition. Barriers included
limited time or focus on health, outcomes not relevant to
group members and health system constraints.
Conclusion: Interventions with women’s groups can
improve women’s and children’s health in India. The
most effective interventions go beyond using groups
to disseminate health information and seek to build
communities’ capabilities
Cooperative Transport of Brownian Particles
We consider the collective motion of finite-sized, overdamped Brownian
particles (e.g., motor proteins) in a periodic potential. Simulations of our
model have revealed a number of novel cooperative transport phenomena,
including (i) the reversal of direction of the net current as the particle
density is increased and (ii) a very strong and complex dependence of the
average velocity on both the size and the average distance of the particles.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
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