Superbalance of holographic entropy inequalities

The domain of allowed von Neumann entropies of a holographic field theory carves out a polyhedral cone — the holographic entropy cone — in entropy space. Such polyhedral cones are characterized by their extreme rays. For an arbitrary number of parties, it is known that the so-called perfect tensors are extreme rays. In this work, we constrain the form of the remaining extreme rays by showing that they correspond to geometries with vanishing mutual information between any two parties, ensuring the absence of Bell pair type entanglement between them. This is tantamount to proving that besides subadditivity, all non-redundant holographic entropy inequalities are superbalanced, i.e. not only do UV divergences cancel in the inequality itself (assuming smooth entangling surfaces), but also in the purification thereof

Optical vortex singularities and atomic circulation in evanescent waves

The total internal reflection of an optical beam with a phase singularity can generate evanescent light that displays a rotational character. At a metalized surface, in particular, field components extending into the vacuum region possess vortex properties in addition to surface plasmon features. These surface plasmonic vortices retain the phase singularity of the input light, also mapping its associated orbital angular momentum. In addition to a two-dimensional patterning on the surface, the strongly localized intensity distribution decays with distance perpendicular to the film surface. The detailed characteristics of these surface optical vortex structures depend on the incident beam parameters and the dielectric mismatch of the media. The static interference of the resulting surface vortices, achieved by using beams suitably configured to restrict lateral in-plane motion, can be shown to give rise to optical forces that produce interesting dynamical effects on atoms or small molecules trapped in the vicinity of the surface. As well as trapping within the surface plasmonic fields, model calculations reveal that the corresponding atomic trajectories will typically exhibit a variety of rotational and vibrational effects, significantly depending on the extent and sign of detuning from resonance

Traumatic brain injury: Age at injury influences dementia risk after TBI

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for dementia. New data provide further support for this association and demonstrate the influence of age at injury and injury severity on dementia risk after TBI, revealing that even mild TBI increases dementia risk in those aged ≥65 years

Analysis Of The Influence Of Agricultural And Non-Agricultural Sectors Performance On The Nigerian Economy (1986-2004)

This paper examines the influence of agricultural and non-agricultural economies on Nigeria\'s total economy. Time series data such as Nigeria\'s total GDP, Agricultural GDP and non-agricultural GDP were obtained. A double logarithm and exponential functions were used to estimate the elasticity and growth rate of each sector and the economy as a whole. The results revealed that a % change in Agricultural and Non-agricultural sectors caused the Nigerian economy to change by 0.24% and 0.746% respectively. The agricultural, non-agricultural sector and the entire economy grew at the rate of 0.04%, 0.124% and 0.102% respectively during the study period. Keywords: Agricultural sector, Non-agricultural sector, Nigerian economy. Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7 (1) 2008: pp. 7-

Acceleration-Induced Deconfinement Transitions in de Sitter Spacetime

In this note, we consider confining gauge theories in $D=2,3,4$ defined by $S^2$ or $T^2$ compactification of higher-dimensional conformal field theories with gravity duals. We investigate the behavior of these theories on de Sitter spacetime as a function of the Hubble parameter. We find that in each case, the de Sitter vacuum state of the field theory (defined by Euclidian continuation from a sphere) undergoes a deconfinement transition as the Hubble parameter is increased past a critical value. In each case, the corresponding critical de Sitter temperature is smaller than the corresponding Minkowski-space deconfinement temperature by a factor nearly equal to the dimension of the de Sitter spacetime. The behavior is qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that for confining theories defined by $S^1$ compactification of CFTs, studied recently in arXiv:1007.3996.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figure

Quantum integrability of the Alday-Arutyunov-Frolov model

We investigate the quantum integrability of the Alday-Arutyunov-Frolov (AAF) model by calculating the three-particle scattering amplitude at the first non-trivial order and showing that the S-matrix is factorizable at this order. We consider a more general fermionic model and find a necessary constraint to ensure its integrability at quantum level. We then show that the quantum integrability of the AAF model follows from this constraint. In the process, we also correct some missed points in earlier works.Comment: 40 pages; Replaced with published version. Appendix and comments adde

Universality in Systems with Power-Law Memory and Fractional Dynamics

There are a few different ways to extend regular nonlinear dynamical systems by introducing power-law memory or considering fractional differential/difference equations instead of integer ones. This extension allows the introduction of families of nonlinear dynamical systems converging to regular systems in the case of an integer power-law memory or an integer order of derivatives/differences. The examples considered in this review include the logistic family of maps (converging in the case of the first order difference to the regular logistic map), the universal family of maps, and the standard family of maps (the latter two converging, in the case of the second difference, to the regular universal and standard maps). Correspondingly, the phenomenon of transition to chaos through a period doubling cascade of bifurcations in regular nonlinear systems, known as "universality", can be extended to fractional maps, which are maps with power-/asymptotically power-law memory. The new features of universality, including cascades of bifurcations on single trajectories, which appear in fractional (with memory) nonlinear dynamical systems are the main subject of this review.Comment: 23 pages 7 Figures, to appear Oct 28 201

Biodiversité floristique du sous–bois et régénération naturelle de la forêt de la Patte d’Oie de Brazzaville, Congo

Les îlots forestiers de la Patte d’Oie à Brazzaville sont étudiés suivant trois relevés de 0,5 ha, correspondant chacun à un îlot. Mise en réserve en 1938, l’aire originelle est passée de 240 ha à 95 ha, soit moins de 39% de cette surface. A la différence des massifs forestiers qui ont disparu, sans livrer leur biodiversité, cette étude valorise cet écosystème unique au Congo. L’inventaire du sous-bois des trois îlots révèle 120 espèces et 47 familles dont les Rubiaceae (25,6 à 34,2%) dominent les Fabaceae (5,9 à 13,9%). La densité des espèces caractéristiques varie de 0,7 à 60 arbres.ha-1. L’indice de diversité biologique de Shannon (H’) est en moyenne de 1,9 ± 0,3 pour les ligneux, contre 3,5 ± 0,25 pour la flore totale. La diversité maximale (H’max) moyenne des ligneux est de 3,5 ± 0,1 et de 5,3 ± 0,01 pour la biodiversité globale. La moyenne de l’indice de Pielou des ligneux est de 0,5 ± 0,07 et de 0,7 ± 0,05 pour la flore totale. Quant à l’indice de Simpson, sa moyenne est de 0,5 ± 0,1 pour les ligneux et de 0,9 ± 0,03 pour la flore globale. Les coefficients de similarité de Jaccard varient respectivement pour les ligneux et la flore globale de 52 à 62% et de 50 à 55,6% ; alors que ceux de Sørensen oscillent de 69,2 à 77,6% et de 66,7 à 71,4%. Les différents indices montrent que cet écosystème possède une faible diversité floristique qui s’accompagne d’une hétérogénéité et d’une dominance dans la composition floristique. Les espèces dominantes étant typiques du sous-bois, la régénération naturelle accuse un déficit dans le recrutement des classes de diamètre, ce qui affecte sa dynamique et donc son maintien à long terme.Mots clés : Congo ; diversité floristique ; coefficient de similarité ; écosystème forestier urbain ; indice de diversité biologique

Evolving solitons in bubbly flows

At the end of the sixties, it was shown that pressure waves in a bubbly liquid obey the KdV equation, the nonlinear term coming from convective acceleration and the dispersive term from volume oscillations of the bubbles.\ud For a variableu, proportional to –p, wherep denotes pressure, the appropriate KdV equation can be casted in the formu t –6uu x +u xxx =0. The theory of this equation predicts that, under certain conditions, solitons evolve from an initial profileu(x,0). In particular, it can be shown that the numberN of those solitons can be found from solving the eigenvalue problem xx–u(x,0)=0, with(0)=1 and(0)=0.N is found from counting the zeros of the solution of this equation betweenx=0 andx=Q, say,Q being determined by the shape ofu(x,0). We took as an initial pressure profile a Shockwave, followed by an expansion wave. This can be realised in the laboratory and the problem, formulated above, can be solved exactly.\ud In this contribution the solution is outlined and it is shown from the experimental results that from the said initial disturbance, indeed solitons evolve in the predicated quantity.\u