Osteonecrosis del platillo tibial interno: A propósito de dos casos

Presentamos dos casos de osteonecrosis idiomática del platillo tibial interno que aparecieron en mujeres. En ellas se dieron las características clínicas habituales de la enfermedad (inicio súbito de dolor intenso en rodilla sin traumatismo previo claramente diferenciado y marcada sensibilidad local en la zona interna de la rodilla) junto a radiografías iniciales normales ó con leves cambios degenerativos (gammagrafía ósea y/ó resonancia magnética nuclear.) En las dos pacientes el proceso evolucionó hacia una gonalgia intensa resistente a la medicación y con cambios degenerativos asociados y fue necesaria la implantación de sendas artroplastias totales de rodilla.We report two cases of osteonocrosis of the medial tibial plateau with typical symptoms (sudden onset of pain at the knee, and marked tenderness over the medial tibial plateau). Initial roentgenograms are within normal limits or showed mild degenerative joint changes, being necessary a magnetic resonance imaging to achieve a diagnosis. The two cases we report didn't follow the typical evolution of the process (which is self-limiting in a period of 6 to 12 months), being necessary in both of them, a total knee replacement

Synthesis, structure and reactivity of Pd and Ir complexes based on new lutidine-derived NHC/phosphine mixed pincer ligands

Coordination studies of new lutidine-derived hybrid NHC/phosphine ligands (CNP) to Pd and Ir have been performed. Treatment of the square-planar [Pd(CNP)Cl](AgCl2) complex 2a with KHMDS produces the selective deprotonation at the CH2P arm of the pincer to yield the pyridine-dearomatised complex 3a. A series of cationic [Ir(CNP)(cod)]+ complexes 4 has been prepared by reaction of the imidazolium salts 1 with Ir(acac)(cod). These derivatives exhibit in the solid state, and in solution, a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure in which the CNP ligands adopt an unusual C(axial)–N(equatorial)–P(equatorial) coordination mode. Reactions of complexes 4 with CO and H2 yield the carbonyl species 5a(Cl) and 6a(Cl), and the dihydrido derivatives 7, respectively. Furthermore, upon reaction of complex 4b(Br) with base, selective deprotonation at the methylene CH2P arms is observed. The, thus formed, deprotonated Ir complex 8b reacts with H2 in a ligand-assisted process leading to the trihydrido complex 9b, which can also be obtained by reaction of 7b(Cl) with H2 in the presence of KOtBu. Finally, the catalytic activity of Ir–CNP complexes in the hydrogenation of ketones has been briefly assessed.CTQ2013-45011-P, CTQ2016-80814-R and CTQ2014 -51912-RE

Double-electron ionization driven by inhomogeneous fields

Authors may self-archive the author’s accepted manuscript of their articles on their own websites. Authors may also deposit this version of the article in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later. He/ she may not use the publisher's version (the final article), which is posted on SpringerLink and other Springer websites, for the purpose of self-archiving or deposit. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be provided by inserting the DOI number of the article in the following sentence: “The final publication is available at Springer via https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00340-017-6672-4"Electron–electron correlation effects play a crucial role in our understanding of sequential (SDI) and non-sequential double ionization (NSDI) mechanisms. Here, we present a theoretical study of NSDI driven by plasmonic-enhanced spatial inhomogeneous fields. By numerically solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a linear reduced model of He and a double-electron time-evolution probability analysis, we provide evidence for enhancement effects in NSDI showing that the double ionization yield at lower laser peak intensities is increased due to the spatial inhomogeneous character of plasmonic-enhanced field. The change in the emission direction of the double-ion as a function of the field inhomogeneity degree demonstrates that plasmonic-enhanced fields could configure a reliable instrument to control the ion emission. Furthermore, our quantum mechanical model, as well as classical trajectory Monte Carlo simulations, show that inhomogeneous fields are as well as a useful tool for splitting the binary and recoil processes in the rescattering scenario.This work was supported by the project ELI-Extreme Light Infrastructure-phase 2 (Project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/ 15_008/0000162) from European Regional Development Fund, Spanish MINECO (National Plan grants FIS2011-30465-C02-01, FOQUS No. FIS2013-46768-P, FISICATEAMO FIS2016-79508-P and Severo Ochoa Excellence Grant No. SEV-2015-0522), the Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR 874 and CERCA/Program) and Fundació Privada Cellex Barcelona. N.S. was supported by the Erasmus Mundus Doctorate Program Europhotonics (Grant No. 159224-1-2009-1-FR-ERA MUNDUS-EMJD). N.S., A.C., and M.L. acknowledge ERC AdG OSYRIS, EU FETPRO QUIC and National Science Centre, Poland—Symfonia Grant 2016/20/W/ST4/00314. A. S. L. acknowledges Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science (MPC-AS). J. A. P.-H. acknowledges to the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitivi- dad (FURIAM Project No. FIS2013-47741-R and PALMA project FIS2016- 81056-R) and Laserlab-Europe (EU-H2020 654148). L.O. acknowledges valuable input from Andre Staudte. The authors thankfully acknowledge the computer resources at MareNostrum, technical expertise and assistance provided by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center and the Red Española de Supercomputación (RES)Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Caracterización de materiales antiguos de construcción (tapial y adobe) en las iglesias de Cisneros, Villada y Boada de Campos (Palencia)

The aim of this work is to characterize the ancient building materials (mud wall and adobe) of three churches in the province of Palencia. This is the first part of a study which seeks to evaluate how the mud walls of the tower of the church of Cisneros reacted to restoration treatment which consisted of a structural reinforcement made by injecting a highly fluid grout of cement/lime/sand mortar. This treatment implies the introduction of large quantities of water into the fabric. The mud walls of the tower of Cisneros are compositionally and texturally very similar to each other, which indicates that despite their large dimensions, care was taken in the homogeneity of the materials. These mud walls are also very similar to those of the church of Villada. The original raw material is mud with some additives (rubble, ashes, bones, etc.) and some remains of lime used as a stabiliser. Although there is a very high proportion of clay, no effervescing clay has been detected. Hence it is deduced that once the mud wall was built, there were no important changes in volume due to variation in the humidity of the fabric. The characteristics of the adobe of the tower of Boada are logically different form those of the mud walls, being made of less sandy, more clayey mud with a high proportion of straw that the mud walls do not have, and without the addition of bricks, bones, etc.El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar los materiales antiguos de construcción (tapial y adobe) de tres iglesias en la provincia de Falencia. El trabajo es la primera parte de un estudio en el que se pretende evaluar el comportamiento de los tapiales de la torre de la iglesia de Cisneros frente al tratamiento de restauración, consistente en un cosido estructural mediante la realización de perforaciones en las que se introduce una barra de acero y donde, posteriormente, se inyecta una lechada muy fluidificada de mortero de cemento/cal/arena. Este tratamiento implica la introducción en las fábricas de grandes cantidades de agua. Los tapiales de la torre de Cisneros son, composicional y texturalmente, muy similares entre sí, lo que indica que, a pesar de sus grandes dimensiones, se cuidó la homogeneidad de los materiales. Estos tapiales guardan una notable similitud con los de la iglesia de Villada. La materia prima original es barro con algunos aditivos (escombro, cenizas, huesos, etc.) y algunos restos de cal empleada como estabilizante. Aunque la proporción de arcilla es muy elevada no se han detectado arcillas hinchables, de lo que se deduce que una vez construido el tapial no se habrían producido importantes cambios de volumen por variaciones de humedad de las fábricas. Las características del adobe de la torre de Boada son lógicamente diferentes de las de los tapiales estando constituido por un barro menos arenoso, más arcilloso, con una elevada proporción de paja que no tienen los tapiales y sin adiciones de ladrillos, huesos, etc

Influencia de la vía de abordaje y de posición de la cúpula acetabular en la luxación de la artroplastia total de cadera: estudio caso-control

Tanto la vía de acceso quirúrgica como la posición de los componentes se han relacionado con la presencia de una luxación en las artroplastias primarias de cadera. Hemos estudiado la presencia de esta complicación en una serie de 758 artroplastias no cementadas modelo Bihapro. Encontramos 21 luxaciones. Por otro lado se seleccionó de forma aleatoria un grupo de control de 42 pacientes que no habían presentado luxación. Se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles que englobaba por tanto a 63 pacientes que tenían implantada una artroplastia de este modelo. En el grupo de casos observamos que el porcentaje de luxación fue sensiblemente mayor en el sexo masculino con un 66,7%, en comparación con el sexo femenino que fue de un 42,8% aunque esta diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa. No se observaron diferencias en la frecuencia de luxaciones en relación con la vía anterior o lateral, pero sin embargo en la vía posterior la luxación se produjo en un solo caso (4,8% de todas las luxaciones) con una incidencia claramente menor que en los abordajes anterior y lateral, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0,005). También observamos diferencias estadísticamente significativas en cuanto a un mayor porcentaje de luxaciones cuando la inclinación del componente acetabular era mayor de 50º (76,2%), o cuando la anteversión del cotilo era mayor o igual a 20º (54,4%). La vía de abordaje posterior con reconstrucción capsular y muscular presenta un menor porcentaje de luxación después de una artroplastia primaria en comparación con la anterior o lateral. Una inclinación mayor de 50º o una anteversión mayor de 20º favorecen la presencia de una luxación.The surgical approach and the cup position have been related with the dislocations of total hip arthroplasty. We have studied the presence of this complication in 758 Bihapro™ cementless arthroplasties. We got a case group of 21 dislocations; then we selected a control group of 42 patients without luxation to design a case-control study. The case group had a higher rate of dislocation in males (66.7 % versus 42.8 % in females) although this difference was not statistically significant. We didn’t observe any difference in the frequency of luxations relating to the anterior or lateral surgical approach, however in the posterior approach the dislocation appeared only in one case (4.8 % of the all dislocations) with statistically differences (p=0.005). We also observed statistically significant differences of luxations when the acetabular cup inclination was higher than 50º (76.2 %), or when the cup anteversion was equal or higher than 20º (52.4 %). The posterior surgical approach with capsular and muscular suture presented a lower rate of dislocation after a primary arthroplasty compared with the anterior or lateral approachs. An inclination bigger than 50º or an anteversion bigger than 20º seems to be a risk factor of luxation

Fibromatosis agresiva en hueco popliteo: A propósito de un caso

Se presenta un caso de una masa indolora en región posterior de la pierna en un varón de 35 años de crecimiento rápido, consistencia firme y mal delimitada. La resonancia magnética mostraba infiltración de músculos y tejido cellar subcutáneo, siendo sugestiva de fibromatois, tumor neurogénico o sarcoma de partes blandas. La biopsia incisional confirmó el diagnóstico de fibromatiosis agresiva. La resección amplia es el tratamiento aconsejado por la mayoría de autores, aunque en algunos casos y debido al carácter infiltrativo de la lesión es difícil resecarla ampliamente. La radioterapia se aconseja en los casos de resección y en los casos de recidiva.We present a case of a 35 year-old man who presented a fast growing painless mass localized in the posterior leg, which had at physical examination poorly defined contour and firm consistency. Magnetic resonance imaging showed local infiltration of muscle and subcutaneous cellular tissue, being suggestive of fibromatosis, neurogenic tumour, or soft tissue sarcoma. The incision biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of aggressive fibromatosis. Wide resection is the treatment recommended by most authors, although in some cases and due to the infiltration tendency of the tumour, it is difficult to achieve wide margins. Post-operative radiotherapy is recommended in cases of marginal resection and in case of recurrence

Cierre quirúrgico en flexión versus extensión en artroplastias totales de rodilla

Se ha realizado un estudio prospectivo de 44 pacientes con gonartrosis primaria que fueron intervenidos con artroplastia total de rodilla con el objeto de determinar las diferencies en cuanto a la movilidad final de la rodilla dependiendo del cierre quirúrgico en flexión o en extensión. Se formaron dos grupos con similares características de homogeneidad respecto al sexo, edad, peso corporal y arco de movilidad previa, no existiendo diferencies significativas entre los grupos en la valoración preoperatoria. En el primer grupo se incluyeron 22 pacientes donde se había realizado la sutura de la cápsula articular y del plano muscular y cutáneo en flexión de 70º a 90º; el segundo grupo estaba formado por otros 22 pacientes en los que se realizó la sutura con la rodilla en extensión completa. En todos los pacientes se implantó el mismo modelo artroplástico y todos siguieron el mismo protocolo de rehabilitación postoperatoria. La evaluación clínica se realizó en el momento del alta hospitalaria, al mes, tres y seis meses, siguiendo la escala del Hospital for Special Surgery. Se apreció un arco de movilidad y puntuación clínica mayor en el grupo de rodillas suturadas en extensión, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, en los controles realizados en el alta hospitalaria y al mes de la intervención. A los seis meses no se apreciaron diferencias entre ambos grupos. La posición de la rodilla en el cierre quirúrgico de una artroplastia no afecta a su funcionalidad.In a prospective study, 44 patients with primary osteoarthritis of the knee undergoing total knee arthroplasty were compared to determine whether surgical closure of the entire wound in flexion had any effect on the postoperative range of motion over a period of six months. In twenty-two patients the knee was surgically closed in 70º to 90º flexion. In the second group of 22 patients, knees were closed in extension. There was no significant difference between groups respect to age, gender, weight and preoperative range of motion. All of the patients were operated on by the same team of surgeons and with the same type of prosthesis. Both groups of patients received a standardized exercise program during their hospitalization. All patients were evaluated following the parameters of the Hospital for Special Surgery score at discharge from the hospital, at first month, third and sixth month after operation. At all the intervals, both the flexion measurements and function scores were better in the flexion closure group, although we only found statically significant difference at discharge and at the first month postoperatively. The position of the knee in the surgical closing of an arthroplasty doesn't affected o functionality

Impact of gaps in the asteroseismic characterization of pulsating stars. I. On the efficiency of pre-whitening

It is known that the observed distribution of frequencies in CoRoT and Kepler {\delta} Scuti stars has no parallelism with any theoretical model. Pre-whitening is a widespread technique in the analysis of time series with gaps from pulsating stars located in the classical instability strip such as {\delta} Scuti stars. However, some studies have pointed out that this technique might introduce biases in the results of the frequency analysis. This work aims at studying the biases that can result from pre-whitening in asteroseismology. The results will depend on the intrinsic range and distribution of frequencies of the stars. The periodic nature of the gaps in CoRoT observations, just in the range of the pulsational frequency content of the {\delta} Scuti stars, is shown to be crucial to determine their oscillation frequencies, the first step to perform asteroseismolgy of these objects. Hence, here we focus on the impact of pre-whitening on the asteroseismic characterization of {\delta} Scuti stars. We select a sample of 15 {\delta} Scuti stars observed by the CoRoT satellite, for which ultra-high quality photometric data have been obtained by its seismic channel. In order to study the impact on the asteroseismic characterization of {\delta} Scuti stars we perform the pre-whitening procedure on three datasets: gapped data, linearly interpolated data, and ARMA interpolated data. The different results obtained show that at least in some cases pre-whitening is not an efficient procedure for the deconvolution of the spectral window. therefore, in order to reduce the effect of the spectral window to the minimum it is necessary to interpolate with an algorithm that is aimed to preserve the original frequency content, and not only to perform a pre-whitening of the data.Comment: 27 pages, 47 figures Tables and typos fixe