Distributional Properties of Record Values of the Ratio of Independent Exponential and Gamma Random Variables

Both exponential and gamma distributions play pivotal roles in the study of records because of their wide applicability in the modeling and analysis of life time data in various fields of applied sciences. In this paper, a distribution of record values of the ratio of independent exponential and gamma random variables is presented. The expressions for the cumulative distribution functions, moments, hazard function and Shannon entropy have been derived. The maximum likelihood, method of moments and minimum variance linear unbiased estimators of the parameters, using record values and the expressions to calculate the best linear unbiased predictor of record values, are obtained

New Classes of Univariate Continuous Exponential Power Series Distributions

Recently, many researchers have developed various classes of continuous probability distributions which can be generated via the generalized Pearson differential equation and other techniques. In this paper, motivated by the importance of the power series in probability theory and its applications, we derive some new classes of univariate exponential power series distributions for a realvalued continuous random variable, which we call exponential power series distributions. Various mathematical properties of the proposed classes of distributions are discussed. Based on these distributional properties, we have established some characterizations of these distributions as well. It is hoped that the findings of the paper will be useful for researchers in the fields of probability, statistics and other applied sciences

Measuring Push, Pull And Personal Factors Affecting Turnover Intention: A Case Of University Teachers In Pakistan

It has been observed that professional and qualified teacher’s retention become a challenge for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Pakistan as the turnover rate has been significantly increased in recent years. The main objective of this paper is to access personal, push and pull factors and to find out that which factors contribute more to turnover intention. Primary data were collected from 100 teachers of 5 HEIs using questionnaire methods. The results indicate that all factors (personal, pull and push) have contributed in the employees’ turnover intentions. However, some facets of personal factor have significantly contributed in turnover intentions.Turnover, Higher Education Institution, Job Quit, Personal Factors, Push Factors, Pull Factors

RF Transport Electromagnetic Properties of CVD Graphene from DC to 110 MHz

We report measurement of the radio-frequency (RF) transport electromagnetic properties of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) graphene over the DC to 110 MHz frequency range at room temperature. Graphene on Si/SiO2 substrate was mounted in a shielded four terminal-pair (4TP) adaptor which enabled direct connection to a calibrated precision impedance analyser for measurements. Good agreement is observed for the DC four-probe resistance and the 4TP resistance at 40 Hz, both yielding R ~ 104 {\Omega}. In general the apparent graphene channel electromagnetic properties are found to be strongly influenced by the substrate parasitic capacitance and resistance, particularly for high-frequencies f > 1 MHz. A phenomenological lumped-parameter equivalent circuit model is presented which matches the frequency response of the graphene 4TP impedance device over approximately seven decades of the frequency range of the applied transport alternating current. Based on this model, it is shown for the first time, that the intrinsic graphene channel resistance of the 4TP device is frequency-independent (i.e. dissipationless) with RG ~ 105 {\Omega} or sheet resistance of approximately 182 {\Omega} / sq. The parasitic substrate impedance of the device is found shunt RG with RP ~ 2.2 {\Omega} in series with CP ~ 600 pF. These results suggest that our new RF 4TP method is in good agreement with the conventional DC four-probe method for measuring the intrinsic sheet resistance of single-atom thick materials and could potentially open up new applications in RF electronics, AC quantum Hall effect metrology and sensors based on graphene 4TP devices operating over broad range of frequencies.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

The Use of ICT in Education: Focus on Nigeria

The use of ICT in educational settings is a catalyst for change. The paper has sought to explore the role of ICT in education as we progress into the 21st century. The first phase focuses on the conceptual framework of the use of ICT in education. In this model the dependent variable is education and its sub variables are educational level of teachers and students which is directly affected by the independent variables which are the use of ICTs, ICT infrastructure and staff development. The second phase is the pilot study to answer two major questions: (i) Is ICT mandatory or voluntary at your institutions? (ii) What are the greatest barriers to using ICT to you as an academician? The results show that majority of the academic staff (86%) responded that ICT is mandatory. However, the survey revealed that most of the part-time lecturers ticked the use of ICT as voluntary. Some of these part-time lecturers in the cadre of professors, responded to Q32 as (do not fit my program). Actually in their dispensation, lecturing was done using the chalk board only. The research confirms that two major barriers affect the use of ICT; they are lack of time to use ICT the systems and training opportunities. Respondents on these are 38% and 32% respectively. Based on these findings, the paper recommended that, all employed teachers in Federal, State and Private institutions should undertake mandatory training and retraining on ICT programmers. The government should develop ICT policies and guidelines for the application of ICT in education

Characterizations of Continuous Distributions by Truncated Moment

A probability distribution can be characterized through various methods. In this paper, some new characterizations of continuous distribution by truncated moment have been established. We have considered standard normal distribution, Student’s t, exponentiated exponential, power function, Pareto, and Weibull distributions and characterized them by truncated moment

Exponentiated Weibull-Exponential Distribution with Applications

In this article, a new four-parameter continuous model, called the exponentiated Weibull exponential distribution, is introduced based on exponentiated Weibull-G family (Hassan and Elgarhy, 2016). The new model contains some new distributions as well as some former distributions. Various mathematical properties of this distribution are studied. General explicit expressions for the quantile function, expansion of distribution and density functions, moments, generating function, Rényi and q – entropies, and order statistics are obtained. The estimation of the model parameters is discussed using maximum likelihood method. The practical importance of the new distribution is demonstrated through real data set where we compare it with several lifetime distributions

Women Councilors for Women\u27s Empowerment in Pakistan

There are considerable disparities between the status of men and women in Pakistan. In Global Gender Gap Report 2014, Pakistan is ranked at 141 among 142 countries of the world and the overall gender gap calculated is 44.78%. Pakistan occupies the last place in the regional ranking of gender gap. In order to reduce this gap, empower women and reduce poverty, the government of Pakistan has adopted various social, economic, legal and political strategies and policies. The reservation of 33% seats for women at union council (village level), tehsil council (sub-district level) and district council level under the new local government plan (devolution plan) in 2000 is one of the strategies adopted for empowerment of women. This created a critical mass of 39,964 women councilors in Pakistan. In order to assess the effectiveness and impact of women councilors for women’s empowerment, a study was conducted in two selected districts of Pakistan, i.e. Abbottabad (Kyber Pakhtunkhwa Province) and Attock (Punjab Province). Primary data were collected from 54 women councilors of both the districts. The result shows that participation of women councilors in local government remained good. Hence, the economic effect was quite surprising. However, no separate funds/schemes were initiated for women. Their influence over changing polices remained weak. The women councilors in the new local government system increased awareness and coordination among women. However, they were unable to reduce violence and awaken other women regarding their rights

Study on the metal absorption by two bryophytes from Koyana wildlife sanctuary (India)

Two bryophyte species Asterella angusta Beauv. and Cyathodium tuberosum Kash. growing across different regions of Koyana wildlife sanctuary have been used as indicators of metal pollution. The estimation of important heavy metals like Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cd and Cr have been carried out in the two bryophyte species using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The low level of metal pollutants was observed in moss specimens collected from the natural habitats and high level in the specimens collected from traffic areas. Overall, Cu and Pb are responsible for causing major pollution in the studied area and the concentration of metals in plant was found to be higher in study region

Abstraction of situation calculus concurrent game structures

We present a general framework for abstracting agent behavior in multi-agent synchronous games in the situation calculus, which provides a first-order representation of the state and allows us to model how plays depend on the data and objects involved. We represent such games as action theories of a special form called situation calculus synchronous game structures (SCSGSs), in which we have a single action "tick" whose effects depend on the combination of moves selected by the players. In our framework, one specifies both an abstract SCSGS and a concrete SCSGS, as well as a refinement mapping that specifies how each abstract move is implemented by a Golog program defined over the concrete SCSGS. We define notions of sound and complete abstraction with respect to a mapping over such SCSGS. To express strategic properties on the abstract and concrete games we adopt a first-order variant of alternating-time mu-calculus mu-ATL-FO. We show that we can exploit abstraction in verifying mu-ATL-FO properties of SCSGSs under the assumption that agents can always execute abstract moves to completion even if not fully controlling their outcomes