High-resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy and deperturbation analysis of the A¹Π(v = 1) level in ¹²C¹⁸O

The A1Π(v = 1) level of the 12C18O isotopologue was precisely reinvestigated with two complementary spectroscopic techniques. High resolution B1Σ+ → A1Π(0, 1), (1, 1) and C1Σ+ → A1Π(0, 1) emission bands were recorded in the visible region, 20,700 – 26,100 cm−1, with a 1.71 m Fourier-transform spectrometer (Bruker IFS 125-HR) installed at the University of Rzeszów. The resulting line centre accuracy of isolated and medium to strong lines is 0.005 cm−1. In addition, high-resolution spectra of the A1Π ⟵ X1Σ+(1, 0), B1Σ+⟵ X1Σ+(0, 0) and (1, 0) as well as C1Σ+⟵ X1Σ+(0, 0) bands were recorded between 66,200 and 95,250 cm−1 using the vacuum-ultraviolet Fourier-transform spectrometer installed at the DESIRS beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron. The wavenumber accuracy for isolated and strong spectral lines is 0.01 cm−1. A data set of 626 spectral lines belonging to seven bands was incorporated into a global deperturbation analysis. Significantly improved deperturbed molecular constants for the A1Π(v = 1), a´3Σ+(v = 10), D1Δ(v = 1), and I1Σ−(v = 2) levels, term values of the B1Σ+(v = 0, 1) and C1Σ+(v = 0) Rydberg states as well as the accompanying spin-orbit and rotation-electronic (L-uncoupling) interaction parameters were obtained. The experimental ro-vibrational term values of the A1Π(v = 1) level and its perturbers were also determined. The mixed composition of interacting states is expressed in terms of their 1Π percentage character

Lithological indicators of loess sedimentation of SW Poland

High-resolution grain-size investigations were carried out in two SW Polish loess sections: Biały Kościół (Niemcza-Strzelin Hills) and Zaprężyn (Trzebnica Hills). Each sequence was sampled by using the same methodology and samples were taken at 5 centimeters intervals. The particle size distribution was obtained with a Mastersizer 2000 laser, used for diffraction methods. From the obtained results the basic parameters and grain size indicators were calculated: Mz, Grain Size Index ratio, U-ratio and the percentage content of clay ( 63 μm). Both loess- soil sequences are composed of interfluve and slope loess facies and consist of five litho-pedostratigraphic units developed during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene: two loess units L1LL1, L1LL2 and three polygenetic fossil soils sets S0, S1 and L1SS1. The distance between these two profiles is about 60 km. Zaprężyn, as a section located more to the north, has almost no lower younger loess and higher level of weathering which could be related to proximity of this site to the Ice Sheet margin. The climate here was more extreme and harsh. What is more,the difference in development of soil L1SS1 can be observed: while in Biały Kościół pedogenesis process was slower and less disturbed than in Zaprężyn. The upper part of L1SS1 in Biały Kościół was deformed by gelifluction, frost heave and other periglacial processes. Mz indicator by the grain-size distribution in these sediments reflects subtle variations in the climatic system. Moreover, in Zaprężyn the content of sand fraction is higher than in Biały Kościół what can be the evidence of short episodes of strong winds during cold period of sedimentation. The aim of this paper is to compare two loess profiles by their stratigraphical and lithological similarities which are result of climate conditions and features of surrounding environment

Effects of dietary supplementation with sage (Salvia officinalis L.) essential oil on antioxidant status and duodenal wall integrity of laying strain growers

The objective of this study was to compare the influence of four different concentrations of Salvia officinalis essential oil (EO) on animal health. A total of 50 laying strain chicks were randomly divided at the day of hatching into five dietary-treatment groups. Control group was given the basal diet (BD), the other four experimental groups contained BD supplemented with 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 g S. officinalis EO/kg diet, respectively. 0.1 g/kg EO increased glutathion peroxidase activity (Gpx) in duodenal mucosa, liver and kidney, phagocytic activity in blood (PA), transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in duodenal tissue and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in plasma and liver. 0.25 g/kg EO increased GPx in liver, total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma, PA in blood and TEER in duodenal tissue. Our results demonstrate that lower concentrations of EO improve animals’ health status, and that it is necessary keep in mind the selection of sufficient concentration of EO used as animal feed additive