Synthesis of magnetic biochar from agricultural waste biomass to enhancing route for waste water and polymer application: A review

© 2016 Elsevier LtdThe development of magnetic biochar from biomass and the prospect of developing magnetic nanomaterials have attracted many researchers worldwide. The conversion of this biomass into something more prospective has reduced the waste management issue without any hassle. Magnetic biochar which is derived from various types of biomass exhibits a good magnetic property with high surface area and significant morphology through various production methods. These magnetic biochar showed a remarkable application as an adsorbent for various wastewater treatments and were cooperated in certain selected polymer composites for application in supercapacitor. This study provides an extensive summary of various production methods of magnetic biochar along with its application in wastewater treatment and selected polymer cooperation

In-situ polymerization of magnetic biochar – polypyrrole composite: A novel application in supercapacitor

© 2017 Elsevier LtdThis paper focuses on the production of magnetic biochar through a novel vacuum condition in an electrical muffle furnace by employing durian rind as the raw material in the presence of three different metallic salts. A high BET surface area value of 835 m2 g-1 was attained at the pyrolysis temperature and time of 800 °C and 25 min. This magnetic biochar was embedded with polypyrrole (PPY) through an in-situ polymerization process which improved specific capacitance of the polymer composite compared to the pure PPY and magnetic biochar. The MBCP composite exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 572 F g-1 and energy density of 71.50 Wh kg-1 compared to other existing PPY coated carbon composite. This MBCP composite exhibits a good potential for future low-cost supercapacitor applications with an impressive specific capacitance and energy density value

New generation of magnetic microporus material for enhancing route for methylene blue removal from waste water

A statistical analysis was carried out for adsorption of methylene blue onto nickel oxide impregnated magnetic biochar to determine the optimised condition of methylene blue dye adsorption to attain greater equilibrium adsorption capacity. The mangosteen peel derived magnetic biochar underwent pyrolysis process at zero oxygen environments at 800 0C for 25 min duration. The Design of Experiment (DOE) of the batch adsorption of methylene blue dye onto magnetic biochar was investigated by interacting agitation speed, contact time and adsorbate pH. Design Expert software version 7.0 with Central Composite Design (CCD) method was employed to obtain a minimum number of experiments with maximised operating parameters interactions. The adsorbent dosage and adsorbate initial concentration were fixed at 0.3 g and 50 mg/L respectively, throughout the experimental study. The optimised condition to attain highest removal percentage of 97% was recorded at pH above 7.0, agitation speed of 125 rpm and 30 min contact time. The adsorption isotherm was evaluated using various adsorption isotherm models namely Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. Moreover, the effect temperature on adsorption process was investigated through thermodynamics studies at various temperatures. The magnetic biochar produced at optimum condition possesses total BET surface area of 819.7 m2/g and pore volume of 0.137 cm3/g

Adsorption and Kinetic Study on Sn2+ Removal Using Modified Carbon Nanotube and Magnetic Biochar

The effectiveness of stannum (Sn 2+ ) removal from aqueous solution by using magnetic biochar and functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (FMWCNT) was investigated. The effect of various factors, namely pH, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed and contact time was statistically studied through analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical analysis revealed that the optimum conditions for the highest removal of Sn 2+ are at pH 5, dosage 0.1 g with agitation speed and time of 100 rpm and 90 min, respectively. At the initial concentration of 0.1 mg/L, the removal efficiency of Sn 2+ using FMWCNTs was 93% and 85% with magnetic biochar. The Langmuir and Freundlich constant for both FMWCNTs and magnetic biochar were 13.397 L/mg, 18.634 L/mg and 17.719 L/mg, 25.204 L/mg, respectively. Hence, results prove that FMWCNTs are a better adsorbent with a higher adsorption capacity compared to magnetic biochar. Adsorption kinetic obeyed pseudo-second-order

Adsorptive removal of methylene blue using magnetic biochar derived from agricultural waste biomass: Equilibrium, isotherm, kinetic study

© 2018 World Scientific Publishing Company. Wastewater discharge from textile industries contribute much to water pollution and threaten the aqua ecosystem balance. Synthesis of agriculture waste based adsorbent is a smart move toward overcoming the critical environmental issues as well as a good waste management process implied. This research work describes the adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution on nickel oxide attached magnetic biochar derived from mangosteen peel. A series of characterization methods was employed such as FTIR, FESEM analysis and BET surface area analyzer to understand the adsorbent behavior produced at a heating temperature of 800âC for 20min duration. The adsorbate pH value was varied to investigate the adsorption kinetic trend and the isotherm models were developed by determining the equilibrium adsorption capacity at varied adsorbate initial concentration. Equilibrium adsorption isotherm models were measured for single component system and the calculated data were analyzed by using Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm equations. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isotherm model exhibit a promising R2-correlation value of more than 0.95 for all three isotherm models. The Langmuir isotherm model reflectsan equilibrium adsorption capacity of 22.883mg.g-1

Comparative kinetic study of functionalized carbon nanotubes and magnetic biochar for removal of Cd2+ ions from wastewater

We did a comparative study between functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube (FMWCNTs), and magnetic biochar was carried out to determine the most efficient adsorbent to be employed in the Cd 2+ ion removal. We optimized parameters such as agitation speed, contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage using design expert vrsion 6.08. The statistical analysis reveals that optimized condition for highest removal of Cd 2+ are at pH 5.0, with dosage 1.0 g, agitation speed and contact time of 100 rpm and 90 minutes, respectively. For the initial concentration of 10mg/l, the removal efficiency of Cd 2+ using FMWCNTs was 90% and and 82% of magnetic biochar. The maximum Cd 2+ adsorption capacities of both FMWCNTs and magnetic biochar were calculated: 83.33mg/g and 62.5mg/g. The Langmuir and Freundlich constants for FMWCNTs were 0.056 L/mg and 13.613 L/mg, while 0.098 L/mg and 25.204 L/mg for magnetic biochar. The statistical analysis proved that FMWCNTs have better adsorption capacity compared to magnetic biochar and both models obeyed the pseudo-second-order