1,098 research outputs found

    Data Dissemination Performance in Large-Scale Sensor Networks

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    As the use of wireless sensor networks increases, the need for (energy-)efficient and reliable broadcasting algorithms grows. Ideally, a broadcasting algorithm should have the ability to quickly disseminate data, while keeping the number of transmissions low. In this paper we develop a model describing the message count in large-scale wireless sensor networks. We focus our attention on the popular Trickle algorithm, which has been proposed as a suitable communication protocol for code maintenance and propagation in wireless sensor networks. Besides providing a mathematical analysis of the algorithm, we propose a generalized version of Trickle, with an additional parameter defining the length of a listen-only period. This generalization proves to be useful for optimizing the design and usage of the algorithm. For single-cell networks we show how the message count increases with the size of the network and how this depends on the Trickle parameters. Furthermore, we derive distributions of inter-broadcasting times and investigate their asymptotic behavior. Our results prove conjectures made in the literature concerning the effect of a listen-only period. Additionally, we develop an approximation for the expected number of transmissions in multi-cell networks. All results are validated by simulations

    Bringing Women into the Agonistic Sphere:Sport, Women and Festivals in the Greek World under Rome

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    This article is intended as a tribute to Emily Hemelrijk, who has done much to bring Roman women out of the domestic and into the public sphere. Combining Emily’s interest in women’s history with my own interest in sport and festivals, I discuss here the role that women played in the world of ancient sport and festivals. I present the evidence for the participation of women in athletic events to show that in the early Roman period women were entering the agonistic sphere in larger numbers than before. The visibility that this afforded was, however, not a sign of emancipation from the domestic sphere, but rather connected to social and political changes of the early imperial period firmly anchored in the traditional setting of family prestige

    Local festivals

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    The chapter will draw attention to the importance of some 500 known Greek agonistic festivals for local identity politics and for the networking of cities in the first three centuries ce. The chapter will establish the role of such festivals as ‘civic rituals’. They will be studied against a diachronic and comparative background focusing on the role of public ritual and ceremony as a feature of political culture in the pre-modern world. The study relies on documentary sources to shed light on issues such as organization, planning and financing. Finally the religious dimensions will be explored, both in the context of traditional civic cult, but also with special attention for their link with the imperial cult

    Festivals and Benefactors

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    Of all types of Greek benefaction, agonistic festivals – that is, festivals that revolved around athletic, dramatic or cultural contests – may have been the most central to the phenomenon of civic euergetism in the Greek cities of the Hellenistic and Roman period. Core questions of the chapter are: What was the significance of the fact that public festivals were paid and organised by private benefactors? Why did benefactors do this? And what was it that cities stood to gain? The main argument is that agonistic festivals were not simply an object of euergetism but also a medium through which euergetism evolved. They not only were an opportunity for elite benefactors (and athletes) to increase their prestige but were primarily mass events where benefactors and their communities were jointly involved in representing the central social, cultural and political values of the time

    Local festivals

    Get PDF
    The chapter will draw attention to the importance of some 500 known Greek agonistic festivals for local identity politics and for the networking of cities in the first three centuries ce. The chapter will establish the role of such festivals as ‘civic rituals’. They will be studied against a diachronic and comparative background focusing on the role of public ritual and ceremony as a feature of political culture in the pre-modern world. The study relies on documentary sources to shed light on issues such as organization, planning and financing. Finally the religious dimensions will be explored, both in the context of traditional civic cult, but also with special attention for their link with the imperial cult

    Festivals and Benefactors

    Get PDF
    Of all types of Greek benefaction, agonistic festivals – that is, festivals that revolved around athletic, dramatic or cultural contests – may have been the most central to the phenomenon of civic euergetism in the Greek cities of the Hellenistic and Roman period. Core questions of the chapter are: What was the significance of the fact that public festivals were paid and organised by private benefactors? Why did benefactors do this? And what was it that cities stood to gain? The main argument is that agonistic festivals were not simply an object of euergetism but also a medium through which euergetism evolved. They not only were an opportunity for elite benefactors (and athletes) to increase their prestige but were primarily mass events where benefactors and their communities were jointly involved in representing the central social, cultural and political values of the time
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