Metabolic Evaluation In Pediatric Renal Stone Formers.

Renal stones, though not very common in pediatric population, remains a serious health issue in them. Metabolic causes can be found in majority of children with urolithiasis. By identifying the exact cause, we would be able to prevent recurrences and the development of end stage renal disease. Thus the aim of the study is to identify metabolic factors leading on to stone disease by analyzing the 24 hour urinary metabolic parameters. METHODOLOGY: 50 children with urolithiasis are subjected to metabolic evaluation involving renal function test, serum uric acid, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, urine pH, urine routine, urine culture, urine sodium nitroprusside test, 24 hour urine calcium, oxalate, citrate and uric acid. arterial blood gas analysis is done for children with suspicion of distal renal tubular acidosis. RESULTS : Out of the 50 children with urolithiasis, hyperoxaluria was present in 26 children (12- isolated and 14- mixed abnormalities). Hypercalciuria was present in 16 children( 4 - isolated and 12- mixed). No metabolic abnormality could be identified in just 3 children. Distal RTA was diagnosed in 2 children who had nephrocalcinosis with normal anion gap metabolic acidosis with high urine pH. None of the patients had cystine/ struvite stones. CONCLUSION: 24 hour urine metabolic workup is the gold standard in metabolic evaluation of patients with urolithiasis. Hyperoxaluria followed by Hypercalciuria and Hyperuricosuria were the most common metabolic abnormalities detected in our patients. Thus early detection and treatment of metabolic abnormality must be stressed upon to prevent recurrences and development of end stage renal disease

Psychology in Tamil Folk Songs

All Tamil literature is a gift given to us by our forefathers. All literature expresses the life values of the people. In this way, folk literature, which is unwritten literature, reflects human feelings. A man expresses his subconscious thoughts and beliefs through folk literature. In folk literature that includes folk songs, folk tales, fables, proverbs, etc., man expresses his life experiences from birth to death. Folk In literature, man expresses his life records from birth to death. In lullabies, events such as a mother's love for her child and making children realise the importance of relatives are important to human life. The way agriculture is expressed in special kummi songs, the subconscious impressions of man through faith in God, the subconscious impressions of man through themangu songs, the expression of male and female relationships through themangu songs, the characteristics of grooms who collect dowry from women through marriage, and indicate social disorders This review article is intended to reveal women lamenting the loss of their mothers in the metaphorical songs that express their characteristics at the end of human life, and women who have lost their husbands are marginalised in society due to their helpless condition

THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION OF A SIDDHA FORMULATION PATAIC CANKARAN - A REVIEW

Padarthamarai is the fungal skin infections and are categorised under Kutta Rogam (Padarthamarai -Pundareega Kutam). Many siddha drugs are prescribed for these diseases among them, Pataic Cankãran is exclusively mentioned for these disease as an internal and external medicine in Siddha literature - Siddha Vaidya Thirattu. Two different preparations are mentioned under Pataic Cankãran and differences observed in the ingredients as in Pataic Cankãran I Ankol (Alangium salvifolium (L.f.) Wang.), Marukkarai (Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirvengadumia) and Elumitchai (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle), where as in Pataic Cankãran II, Thagarai (Senna tora (L.) Roxb.), Erruku (Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br.) are used. Even though Pataic Cankãran is mentioned in literature exclusively for dermatophytosis which is no longer in uses; Clinical study and standardisation of this drug have not been done so far, but In-vitro anti-dermatophytotic activities of the individual ingredient of these formulations have already been proved. The present review article aimed to document the biological, pharmacological and therapeutic applications such as anti-microbial, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of individual ingredients used in Pataic Cankãran I with reference to skin diseases. This study will help to understand the need of research study on this ancient Siddha formulation

Literature Review on IOT Based Smart Security and Monitoring Devices for Agriculture

A smart way of automating farming process can be called as Smart Agriculture. By implying an automated system it possible to eliminate threats to the crops by reducing the human intervention. The major emphasize will be on providing favorable atmosphere for plants. These agricultural automated systems will help in managing and maintain safe environment especially the agricultural areas. Environment real time monitoring is an important factor in smart farming. Graphical User Interface based software will be provided to control the hardware system and the system will be entirely isolated environment, equipped with sensors like temperature sensor, humidity sensor. The controllers will be managed by a master station which will communicate with the human interactive software. The system will provide smart interface to the farmers. This smart system can increase the level of production than the current scenario. This system will realize smart solution for agriculture and efficientlysolve the issues related to farmers. The environment will not be the barrier for production and growth of any plant and can overcome the problem of scarcity of farming production

G-Code Controlled 2D Robotic Plotter

2D Robotic Plotter is implemented based on the principle of Computer Numeric Control (CNC). Normally,Computer Aided Design software (CAD) can be used as the replacement for manual drafting with an automated process. A 2D Robotic Plotter basically works with two stepped motors and a Servo motor with the control of ATMEGA168p Microcontroller. In our proposed methodology an ARDUINO IDE platform controls the Motor Driver Shield (L293D) for the movement of the pen in the x and y direction to the rotation in stepper motors. The servo motor is used for raising and lowering the pen in vertical directions. Ink-scape and G-Code is used for converting the drawing into control signals used by Microcontroller. In Ink-scape (0.48.5)is an open source software that binds the program along with the diagram for the efficient plotting. Also G-code is a numeric control programming language which is used mainly in computer aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools. The2D robotic plotter is a low cost embedded equivalent CNC controller and can be widely used in areas where the accuracy is considered

Mythical Reverence and Rational Reasoning Towards Nature: A discussion

The ancient art of storytelling is flavoured with numerous myths. Literature reflects this in various forms of writing. One can find numerous myths in association with religion and culture. Primitive men worshipped nature, as it seemed to be superior to human power. They looked at the environment in awe. And myths prevailed on nature in the ancient era. Later on, men raised questions against these myths based on scientific arguments. They found that these myths were laid to preserve nature. Humans need a healthy environment to live a healthy life. Thus it is mandatory for them to safeguard it. With time humans started disregarding these myths saying that science is more important. Thus the reverence towards nature is also neglected which leads to disrespect and carelessness towards the environment. The present paper focuses on the myths prevalent in Southern India with particular reference to Tamil literature and also points out the mythical reason behind preserving nature. It explores how the human race failed to safeguard nature by neglecting the ancient myths. It attempts to prove that science is there to restore the environment and not to degrade

An RFID Enabled Authentication System for Transaction and Abridgement of ATM Card Blocking and unblocking Intricacies

In the modern world, everything has become online and work gets completed in a quick span of time. The flexibility of credit and debit card transactions has led to increase in number of users and also has cautioned us on security risks. The prevailing complications associated with blocking and unblocking of ATM cards involves a tedious interactive processes. In order to overcome the blocking intricacies and transaction liabilities, a three level authentication scheme involving IMEI, One-time password and Graphical pattern is used with the help of RFID (Radio Frequency Authentication). Here OTP is transmitted from mobile to ATM system which is achieved by Bluetooth. The implementation of this takes the help of RFID card, RFID reader housed in ATM, Microcontroller and Bluetooth. The proposed system is thus cost effective which also ensures faster transactions and blocking/unblocking along with tight security

DISEASE DETECTION IN TREE LEAVES AND FRUITS USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES

India is the agriculture based country. Now a day, agricultural product yield is decrease for the reason of disease affect the plants like fungus, virus diseases. In this paper, we detect the tree leaves and fruits disease using image processing techniques. In this paper apple, grapes and pomegranate disease are detected. The apple diseases are apple scab, apple rot, Marssonina leaf blotch, black rot canker, apple mosaic. The grape diseases are black rot, powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot, and rust. The pomegranate diseases are bacterial blight, aspergillus fruit rot, anthracnose, cercospora fruit spot, cescospora leaf spot

Data Hiding in Video Streaming by Code Word Substitution

Data hiding techniques can be used to embed a secret message and secret image into a video bit stream for copyright protection, access control and transaction tracking. They are some data hiding techniques to assess the quality of video in the absence of the original reference. To avoid the drawback of existing system such as lossless compression, gray scale mapping and noisy images forces higher bit plane when distortion are easily visible.Data hiding is also used for concealment in applications of video transmission, gray scale mapping and noisy image. Edge quality information and number of bits of a block are hidden in the bit streams processed in an encrypted format to maintain security and privacy. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15035