The Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on the Serum Levels of Adiponectin and Lipoproteins in Male Atherosclerotic Patients

Abstract: Background and Aims: Adiponectin is the most important and promising adipocytokine to understand the relationship of obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases showing anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti atherosclerotic effects too. The aim of this research was to survey the effect of cardiac rehabilitation, via special aerobic exercise training, on the serum levels of adiponectin hormone and lipoprotein lipid profile in men with atherosclerosis. Methods: Twenty patients with atherosclerosis (40-65-year-old men), selected by convenience sampling method and normalized by exercise training and primary tests, were enrolled. During 8 weeks (three session per week), subjects had 30 to 45 minutes training sessions by using treadmill, ergo meter, and arm ergo meter with the intensity of 30-50 percent of heart rate reserve. The t-test was conducted to check the difference between pretest and posttest at the significant level of P≤0.05. Results: The level of adiponectin and HDL increased and the level of LDL, triglyceride and cholesterol decreased significantly. Conclusion: We concluded that cardiac rehabilitation has probably beneficial effects on the serum levels of adiponectin and lipoproteins in men with coronary artery disease after MI. Keywords: Cardiac rehabilitation, Adiponectin, Lipoprotein, Atherosclerotic patient

First reported case of unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot complicated with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19)

The incidence of Novel Coronavirus disease-19 and its associated complications is higher in high-risk groups. In this article, we explain the symptoms and course of the disease and the treatment for an adult patient with congenital heart disease who has been infected with novel coronavirus disease-19. © 2020 Cambridge University Press

The effect of eight weeks of aquatic aerobic training on abca1 and abcg1 genes expression in the blood mononuclear cells in women after coronary artery bypass grafting

Background: The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of aquatic aerobic training on regulatory factors related to Reverse Cholesterol Transport in women after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: 24 middle-aged women were studied after coronary artery bypass grafting (12 were in control group and 12 in aquatic aerobic training group). The aquatic aerobic training program was performed in a pool of 1.20 m depth for eight weeks (three sessions per week with 50-75 intensity of the maximum heart rate). Furthermore, 48 hours before initiating the training program as well as 48 hours after the last training session, blood samples were taken in a fasting state. Then, Leukocytes were isolated, total cellular RNAs were extracted and complementary DNAs were synthesized. Gene expressions of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 (ABCG1) were evaluated at messenger RNA levels using real-time PCR method. The amounts of ApolipoproteinA-1(Apo A-1), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) were measured in plasma using an enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay method. Statistical analysis was performed using an independent-sample t-test and covariance, with a significance level accepted at P<0.05. Results: The findings showed that aquatic training was able to express ABCA1 and ABCG1 gene in women after coronary artery bypass grafting. The data pointed to the possibility that aquatic training during the cardiac rehabilitation period can improve the reverse cholesterol transport and can be an alternative exercise program to achieve physical preparation and rehabilitation objectives in individuals who may have trouble doing exercises on the ground. © 2020, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Effect of dietary inorganic copper on growth performance and some hematological indices of Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baerii juveniles

This research work was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary copper (Cu) levels on growth performance, feed utilization, and some hematological parameters of juvenile Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baerii. Five semipurified diets containing 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 mg Cu/kg in the form of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O) were formulated to provide the actual dietary copper values of 1.8, 5.7, 10.1, 15.9, and 28.3 mg Cu/kg diet, respectively. The obtained results exhibited a significant improvement in the final weight, protein efficiency ratio, daily growth coefficient, and hepatosomatic index with increasing dietary copper levels up to 10.1 mg/kg diet, while the feed conversion ratio significantly decreased. Also, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values increased with increasing levels of dietary copper, but no steady trend was observed in mean corpuscular hemoglobin changes. Furthermore, the neutrophils were significantly increased with enhancing the copper level in the fish diet, while the lymphocytes declined. Findings of the current research illustrate that an appropriate dietary copper level is required for improvement of growth performance, oxygen transfer capability, and white blood cell proliferation. Based on the broken‐line regression analysis of leukocyte count and monocyte percentage, the optimum dietary copper supplementation was estimated to be 10.63 and 10.36 mg Cu/kg diet, respectively

The impact of cardiac rehabilitation on pulmonary artery systolic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) is a useful method of modifying cardiovascular risk factors, improving life expectancy and quality of life in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cardiac rehabilitation on the pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Methods: This Quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design was conducted on 80 patients with IHD who had participated in CRP after undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Echocardiography was performed before the beginning of CRP (the 1st session) and at the end of the rehabilitation sessions, and ventricular function indices (ejection fraction), PASP (using the tricuspid regurgitation velocity), and LVEDP (using Nagueh formula: 1.24�E/e�+1.9) were measured. Results: Ejection fraction (EF) was changed from 49.3 ± 7.8 before rehabilitation to 50.7 ± 7.4 after rehabilitation, which was a statistically significant difference (P=0.003). The pulmonary artery systolic pressure altered from 30.3 ± 8.4 before rehabilitation to 27.3 ± 6.6 after rehabilitation. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) changed from 10.5 ± 3.7 before rehabilitation to 9.1 ± 2.9 after rehabilitation, which was a statistically significant difference (P=0.000). Conclusion: According to the results, LVEDP and PASP in patients with IHD who underwent CABGs decreased after cardiac rehabilitation. © 2020, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Hollow microcoils made possible with external support structures manufactured with a two-solvent process

We present a process to manufacture solenoidal microcoils with external support structures, which leaves the space within the coil windings free. The manufacturing procedure is based on a two solvent approach (water and acetone), for selectively etching polyvinyl alcohol and polymethyl methacrylate. Two sets of microcoils were manufactured with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, an interwinding pitch of 100 μm and five or eight coil windings respectively. The coils were designed for application in magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and characterised in a 9.4 T MR scanner. An NMR spectrum of water and MR images in receive only and transceive mode were acquired as proof of concept