Total factor productivity and labor reallocation: the case of the 1997 Korea crisis

Detrended Total Factor Productivity (TFP), net of changes in capital utilization, fell by 3.3% after the Korean 1997 financial crisis. Detrended real GDP per working age person fell by 11.9%. We construct a two-sector small open economy model that can account for 30.0% of the fall in TFP in response to a sudden stop of capital inflows and an increase in international interest rates. Empirically, the fall in TFP follows a reallocation of labor from the more productive manufacturing sector to the less productive agriculture and public sectors. The model has a consumption sector and an investment sector. The reallocation of labor in the data corresponds to a movement from the investment sector to the consumption sector in the model. In the model, a sudden stop raises the costs of imports, which are used more heavily as an input in the investment sector. Also investment falls sharply in response to the increase in international interest rates. We show further that a fall in export demand and working capital requirements can both amplify the effects of the sudden stop. The model accounts for 41.0% of the fall in GDP. <br><br> Keywords; small open economy, total factor productivity, Korean 1997 crisis, sudden stop

Medición de coeficientes de interdifusividad en Na2 O3SiO2 usando cronopotenciometría anódica

Medidas cronopotenciométricas en el sistema Na2O3Si02 fundido, utilizando electrodos de platino y grafito fueron hechas, encontrándose que el proceso de electrodos es controlado por difusión, de acuerdo con lá ecuación de Sand en el rango de temperaturas de 912ºC a 1234ºC y de densidades de corrientes de 0,016 a 0,65 (A/cm2). No se observaron variaciones en el tiempo de transición al cambiar la atmósfera gaseosa en equilibrio con el sistema de condiciones reductoras (mezclas de CO/CO2 y Ar/CO), a condiciones fuertemente reductoras (gas Ar en contacto con crisol de grafito). De los datos obtenidos, fue posible deducir una ecuación para los coeficientes de interdifusividad en el sistema Na2 0-Si02 , los cuales están de acuerdo con los valores extrapolados medidos por las técnicas tradicionales. log10 D(cm2 /s) = 2,28- 6318/T (ºK

Coercivity reduction in a two-dimensional array of nanoparticles

We report on theoretical investigation of the magnetization reversal in two-dimensional arrays of ferromagnetic nano-particles with parameters of cobalt. The system was optimized for achieving the lowest coercivity in an array of particles located in the nodes of triangular, hexagonal and square grids. Based on the numerical solution of the non-stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation we show that each particle distribution type is characterized with a proper optimal distance, allowing to lower the coercivity values for approximately 30% compared with the reference value obtained for a single nano-particle. It was shown that the reduction of coercivity occurs even if the particle position in the array is not very precise. In particular, the triangular particle arrangement maintained the same optimal distance between the particles under up to 20% random displacements of their position within the array.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure