Motivations for local climate adaptation in Dutch municipalities: climate change impacts and the role of local-level government

The local government level is considered to be crucial in preparing society for climate change impact. Yet little is known about why local authorities do or do not take action to adapt their community for climate change impacts. In order to implement effective adaptation policy, the motivations for local climate adaptation need to be examined. This paper explores these motivations in Dutch communities by comparing nine urban and rural cases. To be able to draw general conclusions, cases are selected on „projected risk‟ and „extreme weather event experience‟. Motivations for local climate adaptation appear much more determined by local institutional factors such as a green party aldermen or innovative network membership then projected risk or extreme weather event experience. This could be explained by the empiric data showing diffuse channels of climate change knowledge into the local government level and limited capacity to translate this knowledge into genuine adaptation strategie

The Blackhole-Dark Matter Halo Connection

We explore the connection between the central supermassive blackholes (SMBH) in galaxies and the dark matter halo through the relation between the masses of the SMBHs and the maximum circular velocities of the host galaxies, as well as the relationship between stellar velocity dispersion of the spheroidal component and the circular velocity. Our assumption here is that the circular velocity is a proxy for the mass of the dark matter halo. We rely on a heterogeneous sample containing galaxies of all types. The only requirement is that the galaxy has a direct measurement of the mass of its SMBH and a direct measurement of its circular velocity and its velocity dispersion. Previous studies have analyzed the connection between the SMBH and dark matter halo through the relationship between the circular velocity and the bulge velocity dispersion, with the assumption that the bulge velocity dispersion stands in for the mass of the SMBH, via the well{}-established SMBH mass{}-bulge velocity dispersion relation. Using intermediate relations may be misleading when one is studying them to decipher the active ingredients of galaxy formation and evolution. We believe that our approach will provide a more direct probe of the SMBH and the dark matter halo connection. We find that the correlation between the mass of supermassive blackholes and the circular velocities of the host galaxies is extremely weak, leading us to state the dark matter halo may not play a major role in regulating the blackhole growth in the present Universe.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Ap

Pengembangan Modul Angiospermae Berbasis Keterampilan Proses untuk Melatih Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Kelas X SMA

Curriculum 2013 suggests was desired that learning process is learning emphasizes the personal experience through process skills (observation, listening, viewing, reading, listening), asking, conclusioning, and communicate to training the self learning. Based on the pra-experiment that already done at Mojokerto 3 Senior High School knowing that the students is not training about skill process and self learning. Among 73,5% responsdens says that they really feel so hard to understand a material about plant world specially the Angiosperm. Therefore, the researchers developed teaching materials in the form of modules with skills-based material angiosperms process with the goal to produce a decent module used and describe the feasibility of modules based on the theoretical aspects of result validation module and empirical aspects of student activity observed when using the module and student responsse results. This research includes research development with reference to the 4-D model of development which is divided into four stages, namely: the definition phase (define), stage design (design), stage of development (develop), and the deployment phase (dessiminate). Deployment phase is not implemented. The instrument used the sheet module validation, observation of student activity sheets, and sheet student questionnaire responsses. The instrument used the sheet module validation, observation of student activity sheets, and sheet student questionnaire responsses. The instrument used the sheet module validation, observation of student activity sheets, and sheet student questionnaire responsses. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this research is a skill-based modules angiosperms based on the viability of process theoretically and empirically. Feasibility module theoretically obtain validation of the results of the interpretation of the value of 3.70 is very feasible. Feasibility module empirically based observations of student activity gets a percentage of 86.4% with very good interpretation, while the responsse from the students get a percentage of 93.95% with a very decent interpretation. The conclusion is the Angiosperm module based on skill process can train the self learning on students.   Keywords: Angiosperm Module, Skill Process, Self-Learning

Implementasi Pasal 7 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil Terkait dengan Hak Mengajukan Keberatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang Diduga Melakukan Pelanggaran Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil (Studi di Badan Kepegawaian Da

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis implementasi hak mengajukan keberatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang diduga melakukan pelanggaran disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil berdasarkan pasal 7 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 (2) Untuk mengetahui implementasi hak mengajukan keberatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yang diduga melakukan pelanggaran disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil berdasarkan pasal 7 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tashun 2010 (3)Untuk mengetahui, menemukan, dan menganalisis keberatan yang dihadapi oleh Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) terhadap hukuman atau sanksi dan penyelesaiannya.Proses Penjatuhan Sanksi Administrasi Pelanggaran Disiplin PNS. (1) Bentuk Keberatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam penjatuhan Sanksi administrasi terhadap pelanggaran disiplin PNS di Kabupaten Lumajang untuk pelanggaran ringan alur penanganan pelanggaran disiplin ringan sanksi administrasi dijatuhkan oleh SKPD (Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Daerah) sedangkan untuk pelanggaran sedang dan berat, alur penanganan pelanggaran di BKD dengan membentuk Tim Penanganan Pelanggaran Disiplin (TP2D) PNS (2) Implementasi Hak mengajukan Keberatan Pegawai Negeri Sipil untuk ketentuan disiplin ,pemberitahuan dengan hormat tidak hormat ,BKD menyarankan agar mengajukan banding administrasi kepada BAPEK. Secara umum proses penjatuhan sanksi admisitrasi pelanggaran disiplin PNS di Kota Lumajang dimulai dari pemanggilan, pemeriksaan, penjatuhan dan penyampaian keputusan hukuman disiplin PNS, Dengan berpedoman pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil dan Peraturan Kepala Badan Kepegawaian Negara Nomor 21 Tahun 2010 Tentang Ketentuan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Disiplin Pegawai Negeri Sipil. (3) Hambatan-Hambatan yang terjadi dalam penjatuhan sanksi administrasi terhadap pelanggaran disiplin PNS di Kabupaten Lumajang. (a) Kurang tegasnya pejabat berwenang dalam menjatuhkan sanksi terhadap PNS yang melakukan pelanggaran disiplin PNS. (b) Kurangnya jumlah maupun sumber daya manusia (SDM) baik pada unsur pengawasan (Inspektorat Kabupaten Lumajang) maupun unsur Sub Bidang Kedudukan Pegawai Bidang Hukum dan Kesejahteraan Pegawai BKD Kabupaten Lumajang terutama linier dibidang hukum yang menguasai hukum kepegawaian terutama yang berkaitan dengan penjatuhan sanksi administrasi disiplin PNS

Analisis Rasio Likuiditas, Permodalan Dan Manajemendi Ksps Bmt Logam Mulia

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesehatan KSPS BMT Logam Mulia dilihat dari aspek likuiditas, permodalan dan manajemen. Jenis Penelitian ini deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode interview, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya data diuji keabsahannya, dianalisis menggunakan rasio keuangan koperasi dan disajikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesehatan KSPS BMT Logam Mulia dilihat dari aspek likuiditas, permodalan dan manajemen selama tahun 2013 yang terbagi ke dalam 12 bulan nilainya bervariasi. Pertama, Aspek likuiditas bahwa rasio pembiayaan terhadap dana yang diterima nilainya cukup likuid. Kedua, aspek permodalan bahwa tingkat kesehatan koperasi dilihat dari rasio kecukupan modal (CAR) nilainya sehat. Ketiga, aspek manajemen menunjukkan tingkat kesehatan koperasi dilihat dari manajemen umum nilainya baik.Kata Kunci: Likuiditas, Permodalan, ManajemenANALYSIS OF LIQUDITY, CAPITAL AND MANAJEMEN OF KJKS BMT LOGAM MULIA. The purpose of this article is measuring the degree of cooperation health looking from the aspects of liquidity, capital, and management. Data are collected through interview, observation, and documentation. Then, data are analyzed using cooperation financial ratio. Result shows KSPS BMT Logam Mulia in 2013 looking from liquidity, capital and management are varied. The ratio of finance towards cash credit is liquid. Secondly, its\u27 CAR is health, and thirdly, its management is also in good condition

Pemanfaatan Limbah Jagung Untuk Pembuatan Biskuit Pakan Hijauan Di Kecamatan Lima Kaum Batusangkar

Biscuits Feed Forage is obtained by the technique Silage. These biscuits can be made from agricultural waste including corn waste. As one of the agricultural centers in West Sumatra, corn production in the District Batusangkar very high. However, agricultural production is not followed by the management of agricultural waste are mostly just burned. The purpose of the study was to test to make biscuits forage from corn waste using techniques silage accompanied with the addition of nutrients, the test mold making biscuits conventionally made using the technique of pressure, conducting organoleptic test and analysis proximate to product biscuit feed forage already made. The results were obtained from waste animal feed forage of good quality corn silage by using the technique. treatment P2 (corn leaves 1 kg + 5% + molasses urea 10%) and T1 (1minggu after harvest). Green feed made with the best formula is packaged in the form of biscuits using conventional printing equipment