Metodologi Pengajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Media (Powerpoint)

Pembelajaran bahasa Arab dewasa ini seringkali diabaikan dan dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran yang ditakuti oleh pelajar. Tugas pendidik seyogyanya menjadikan bahasa Arab sebagai pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan memudahkan dalam penyampaian materi yang dapat membantu siswa memahami apa yang disampaikan. Demi mencapai prestasi belajar yang memuaskan tersebut dengan system pendidikan yang semakin maju dan didukung juga perkembangan teknologi. Teknologi multimedia telah menjanjikan potensi besar dalam merubah cara seseorang untuk belajar, untuk memperoleh informasi, menyesuaikan informasi dan sebagainya. Pembelajaran berbasis multimedia menjadi semakin umum. Meskipun memiliki keterbatasan,dan tentu tidak harus dilihat sebagai pengganti untuk wajah-to-face interaksi, itu memang memiliki banyak keuntungan untuk pengembangan guru profesional.Multimedia juga menyediakan peluang bagi pendidik untuk mengembangkan teknik pembelajaran sehingga menghasilkan hasil yang maksimal. Pembelajaran media presentasi berupa Microsoft office powerpoint yang banyak digunakan dalam berbagai bidang salah satunya adalah bidang pembelajaran. Dalam bidang pembelajaran media pembelajaran berbasis presentasi Microsoft office powerpoint dapat memudahkan dalam penyampaian materi dalam proses pembelajaran. Misalnya dengan menggunakan Microsoft office powerpoint kita dapat mempersingkat materi pembelajaran dengan menampilkan point-point dari materi tersebut. Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Microsoft office powerpoint dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar yang bersifat multimedia, dengan menggunakan Microsoft office power point juga proses pembelajaran dapat mencampurkan berbagai media diantaranya teks, gambar, video dan animasi

Subadditivity and Contestability in the Postal Sector: Theory and Evidence

Several studies have been conducted to analyze whether a regulation of the postal sector as a monopoly is actually efficient by examining its cost structure. The authors detected significant scale economies only in the delivery function and hence demonstrated a necessity for competition in the upstream operations. The primary purpose of this paper is to summarize the basic conditions of natural monopoly theory and to review the approaches and results of the studies dealing with this topic. Despite the importance of contestability in this context, previous literature concentrates only on the subadditivity aspect. The existence of economies of scale does not inevitably justify a governmental maintenance of the monopoly if the market is contestable. In this respect, further research is needed in order to account for contestability.Postal Sector, Scale Economies, Subadditivity, Contestability

A Tale of Two Conferences: On Power, Identity, and Academic Freedom

This article will examine the extent of the applicability of academic freedom in relation to scholarship on the Israeli‐Arab conflict. This will be done by comparing two conferences that took place in the same city at almost the same time, both dealing with issues pertaining to Israel, Palestine, and the Middle East conflict. The article will argue that in reality, academic freedom is relative. The level of protection in fact varies according to the power that interested parties wield and the identities at play, and the vulnerability of scholars is usually a reflection of the current power dynamics in the nonacademic world. This differential applicability of academic freedom is the result of uneven application of academic standards and sometimes the creation of standards that are expected to apply solely to scholarship on the Middle East and the Israeli‐Arab conflict that is not “pro‐Israel.” This uneven and differential protection may become a threat to academic freedom

Colonial Imprints: Settler-Colonialism as a Fundamental Feature of Israeli Constitutional Law

Many constitutional questions in Israel are dealt with through the lens of the nation-state paradigm where the state is constitutionally associated with an ethnically and religiously defined majority group. Thus, many of the challenges that face Israeli society and the legal system are often presented as a result of an exceptionally antagonistic majority-minority relationship in a nation-state. This article offers a novel way of analysing the Israeli constitutional regime using the framework of settler-colonialism. It argues that adding the settler-colonial lens will help better understand many features of Israeli constitutional law. Drawing on theoretical frameworks developed by theorists of colonialism, the article explores a number of foundational aspects of Israeli constitutional law and demonstrates how they were shaped, and continue to be shaped, by settlercolonialism. The article argues that settler-colonialism is one of the central features that animate Israeli constitutional law

The Two-State Model and Israeli Constitutionalism: Impact on the Palestinian Citizens of Israel

Partitioning historic Palestine into two states is often presented as the most plausible solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This article examines the potential impact of such a development on the Palestinian citizens of Israel (PCI), primarily from the vantage point of Israel’s constitutional regime. The article explores three fundamental aspects of the Israeli constitutional system—its instability, the “Jewish and democratic” definition of the state, and the exclusion of the PCI from “the people” as the unit that holds sovereignty—and argues that the envisaged two-state solution will only reinforce the definition of Israel as a Jewish state and consequently provide further justification for the infringement on the rights of its Palestinian citizens

Love Suspended: Demography, Comparative Law, and Palestinian Couples in the Israeli Supreme Court

This article considers a recent decision by the Supreme Court of Israel dealing with the right to family unification of Palestinian citizens of Israel (PCI). By situating the decision in the broader debate on Israel’s constitutional definition as a Jewish and democratic state, the article examines patterns where the definition plays an important role in defining the nature of the citizenship held by PCI and the limits of their rights. This examination focuses on three main issues that arose in the case: the scope of the protection of the right to family life, the comparative method used by some of the Justices to limit that right, and statements about the legitimacy of demographic considerations in devising immigration policies. This analysis demonstrates how the arguments and justifications used by the Court may provide building blocks for a legal framework that is proceeding in the direction of institutionalizing separate hierarchical categories of citizenship