The effect of incubation temperature on the specificity of the BANA (N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide) test

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75429/1/j.1399-302X.1993.tb00544.x.pd

Spectres of ambiguity in divergent thinking and perceptual switching

Divergent thinking as a creative ability and perceptual switching between different interpretations of an unchanging stimulus (known as perceptual multistability) are thought to rely on similar processes. In the current study, we investigate to what extent task instructions and inherent stimulus characteristics influence participants' responses. In the first experiment, participants were asked to give as many interpretations for six images as possible. In the second experiment, participants reported which of two possible interpretations they saw at any moment for the same line drawings. From these two experiments, we extracted measures that allow us direct comparison between tasks. Results show that instructions have a large influence over the perception of images traditionally used in two different paradigms and that these images can be perceived in appropriate ways for both tasks. In addition, we suggest that the connection between the two phenomena can be explored interchangeably through three experimental manipulations: a) using a common set of images across both experiments, b) giving different task instructions for the two tasks, and c) extracting comparable metrics from both experimental paradigms

Photophoretic Strength on Chondrules. 2. Experiment

Photophoretic motion can transport illuminated particles in protoplanetary disks. In a previous paper we focused on the modeling of steady state photophoretic forces based on the compositions derived from tomography and heat transfer. Here, we present microgravity experiments which deviate significantly from the steady state calculations of the first paper. The experiments on average show a significantly smaller force than predicted with a large variation in absolute photophoretic force and in the direction of motion with respect to the illumination. Time-dependent modeling of photophoretic forces for heat-up and rotation show that the variations in strength and direction observed can be well explained by the particle reorientation in the limited experiment time of a drop tower experiment. In protoplanetary disks, random rotation subsides due to gas friction on short timescales and the results of our earlier paper hold. Rotation has a significant influence in short duration laboratory studies. Observing particle motion and rotation under the influence of photophoresis can be considered as a basic laboratory analog experiment to Yarkovsky and YORP effects

Possible effect of medically administered antibiotics on the mutans streptococci: implications for reduction in decay

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74585/1/j.1399-302X.1989.tb00103.x.pd

Presence of Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Children Correlated with Periodontal Disease of Their Parents

Considerable evidence exists suggesting that periodontal disease is due to the overgrowth of a finite number of specific bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Bacteroides forsythus, and Prevotella intermedia, among others. Three of these organisms-P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and B. forsythus—can be easily detected in plaque samples by the hydrolysis of the synthetic trypsin substrate benzoyl-DL-arginine-naphthylamide (BANA). The aim of the present study was to determine if a relationship could be found between the presence of either these organisms or periodontitis in the parent and the presence of BANA-positive species in the child. Thirty-four mothers or fathers and 34 children were examined for plaque scores, papillary bleeding scores, and the presence of P. gingivalis and T. denticola in four subgingival or marginal gingival plaque samples as assayed by the BANA test or specific polyclonal antibodies using an ELISA. Children whose parents were colonized by BANA-positive bacteria were 9.8 times more likely to be colonized by these BANA-positive species. Children whose parents had clinical evidence of periodontitis were 12 times more likely to be colonized by these BANA-positive species. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that children may acquire the BANA-positive species from their parents, especially if the parent has periodontitis.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68201/2/10.1177_00220345940730100801.pd

The identification of bacteria associated with periodontal disease and dental caries by enzymatic methods

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73856/1/j.1399-302X.1986.tb00322.x.pd

Microcapsules on Streptococcus mutans Serotypes by Electron Microscopy

Extracellular microcapsules have been demonstrated on cells of most serotypes of Streptococcus mutans by electron microscopy, using bacterial strains of the various serotypes and peroxidase labeled or unlabeled immune serum. A correlation was noted between the amount of capsular substance on the strains of S mutans examined and degree of antigenicity as expressed by the indirect fluorescent antibody (FA) title. A serotype d strain was shown to lose both antigenicity as determined by the FA reaction and capsular material as seen by electron microscopy with repeated in vitro passage. When 10% unheated rabbit serum was added to the medium, antigenicity and capsular material were restored.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68107/2/10.1177_00220345770560021101.pd

Effects of fluoxetine on the oral environment of bulimics

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73809/1/j.1399-302X.1993.tb00545.x.pd