Quasi-Elastic d(p⃗,n⃗)2pd(\vec{p},\vec{n})2p Reaction and Spin Response Functions of the Deuteron

We calculated response functions of the deuteron for charge exchange processes, including the final state interaction between two protons. Using them we evaluated the double differential cross section and polarization observables of $d(\vec{p},\vec{n})2p$ by means of plane wave impulse approximation with an optimal factorization. Calculation well reproduced the shape of the energy spectra of the cross section, though somewhat overestimated the magnitude. It also reproduced the spin observables well.Comment: 19 pages of LaTeX (4 figures not included, hard copy available upon request), UT-Komaba 93-2

Development of a New DNA Marker for Fusarium Yellows Resistance in Brassica rapa Vegetables

In vegetables of Brassica rapa L., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. rapae (For) or F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc) cause Fusarium yellows. A resistance gene against Foc (FocBr1) has been identified, and deletion of this gene results in susceptibility (focbr1-1). In contrast, a resistance gene against For has not been identified. Inoculation tests showed that lines resistant to Foc were also resistant to For, and lines susceptible to Foc were susceptible to For. However, prediction of disease resistance by a dominant DNA marker on FocBr1 (Bra012688m) was not associated with disease resistance of For in some komatsuna lines using an inoculation test. QTL-seq using four F2 populations derived from For susceptible and resistant lines showed one causative locus on chromosome A03, which covers FocBr1. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of FocBr1 between susceptible and resistant alleles (FocBr1 and FocBo1) showed that six amino acid differences were specific to susceptible lines. The presence and absence of FocBr1 is consistent with For resistance in F2 populations. These results indicate that FocBr1 is essential for For resistance, and changed amino acid sequences result in susceptibility to For. This susceptible allele is termed focbr1-2, and a new DNA marker (focbr1-2m) for detection of the focbr1-2 allele was develope

Fine-tuning of the size of supramolecular nanotoroids suppresses the subsequent catenation of nano-[2]catenane

A judicious combination of ring-closing supramolecular polymerization and secondary nucleation can hierarchically organize a diphenylnaphthalene barbiturate monomer bearing a 3,4,5-tri(dodecyloxy)benzyloxy unit into self-assembled nano-polycatenanes composed of nanotoroids. In our previous study, nano-polycatenanes of variable length have been formed uncontrollably from the monomer that provides nanotoroids with sufficiently wide inner void space wherein secondary nucleation is driven by non-specific solvophobic interaction. In this study, we found that the elongation of the alkyl chain length of the barbiturate monomer decreases the inner void space of nanotoroids while increasing the frequency of secondary nucleation. These two effects resulted in an increase in the yield of nano-[2]catenane. This unique property observed in our self-assembled nanocatenanes might be extended to a controlled synthesis of covalent polycatenanes using non-specific interactions

Hierarchically Porous ZSM-5 Synthesized by Nonionic- and Cationic-Templating Routes and Their Catalytic Activity in Liquid-Phase Esterification

Hierarchically porous MFI zeolites (ZSM-5) have been synthesized by hydrothermal treatment in the presence of trialkoxysilylated-derivatives of nonionic poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether or alkyl quaternary ammonium cation as mesopore-generating agent, along with tetrapropylammonium cation as zeolite structure-directing agent. Powder X-ray diffraction revealed that zeolites have been crystallized, and scanning electron microscopy showed rugged surface morphology that was quite different from conventional ZSM-5. The mesoporosity was confirmed by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement showing type IV isotherms with narrow distribution of mesopore diameters. The catalytic activity of these mesoporous ZSM-5 was tested in liquid-phase esterification of benzyl alcohol with hexanoic acid. The conversion of benzyl alcohol on mesoporous ZSM-5 prepared via cationic-templating route was almost 100%, being much higher than on mesoporous ZSM-5 prepared with silylated nonionic surfactant as well as on conventional ZSM-5 with no mesopores. The presence of Brønsted acid sites, together with the mesopores, was responsible for this catalytic conversion, as confirmed by pyridine adsorption monitored by in situ infrared and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Distorted wave impulse approximation analysis for spin observables in nucleon quasi-elastic scattering and enhancement of the spin-longitudinal response

We present a formalism of distorted wave impulse approximation (DWIA) for analyzing spin observables in nucleon inelastic and charge exchange reactions leading to the continuum. It utilizes response functions calculated by the continuum random phase approximation (RPA), which include the effective mass, the spreading widths and the \Delta degrees of freedom. The Fermi motion is treated by the optimal factorization, and the non-locality of the nucleon-nucleon t-matrix by an averaged reaction plane approximation. By using the formalism we calculated the spin-longitudinal and the spin-transverse cross sections, ID_q and ID_p, of 12C, 40Ca (\vec{p},\vec{n}) at 494 and 346 MeV. The calculation reasonably reproduced the observed ID_q, which is consistent with the predicted enhancement of the spin-longitudinal response function R_L. However, the observed ID_p is much larger than the calculated one, which was consistent with neither the predicted quenching nor the spin-transverse response function R_T obtained by the (e,e') scattering. The Landau-Migdal parameter g'_N\Delta for the N\Delta transition interaction and the effective mass at the nuclear center m^*(r=0) are treated as adjustable parameters. The present analysis indicates that the smaller g'_{N\Delta}(\approx 0.3) and m^*(0) \approx 0.7 m are preferable. We also investigate the validity of the plane wave impulse approximation (PWIA) with the effective nucleon number approximation for the absorption, by means of which R_L and R_T have conventionally been extracted.Comment: RevTex 3, 29 pages, 2 tables, 8 figure

In-hospital mortality and the Glasgow Coma Scale in the first 72 hours after traumatic brain injury

This study verifies and compares the performance of three different scores obtained in the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in the first 72 hours post trauma in predicting in-hospital mortality. The studied scores included those obtained after initial care was provided at the hospital, and the worst and best scores obtained in the scale in the first 72 hours post trauma. The scale’s predictive ability was assessed by the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve. A total of 277 victims with different severity levels of blunt traumatic brain injuries were studied. The performance of the three scores that were analyzed to predict hospital mortality was moderate (0.74 to 0.79) and the areas under the curve did not present statistically significant differences. These findings suggest that any of the three studied scores can be applied in clinical practice to estimate the outcome of victims with blunt traumatic brain injuries, taking into consideration the instrument’s moderate discriminatory power.El estudio tiene como objetivos verificar y comparar el desempeño de puntajes de la Escala de Coma de Glasgow (ECGl) observados en las primeras 72 horas postrauma para predecir la mortalidad hospitalaria. Los valores analizados fueron los puntajes obtenidos después de la atención inicial intra-hospitalaria, además de los peores y mejores resultados de la escala en las primeras 72 horas postrauma. La capacidad de predicción de los puntajes de la ECGl para el Estado Vital a la Salida Hospitalaria fue evaluada, utilizando la curva Reciever Operator Characteristic. Fueron estudiadas 277 víctimas, con trauma encefalocraneano contuso de diferentes gravedades. El desempeño de los puntajes de la ECGl para el estado vital a la salida hospitalaria fue moderado (0,74 a 0,79) y las áreas bajo la curva no presentaron diferencia significativa. Los resultados sugieren que cualquiera de los tres valores de la ECGl analizados pueden ser aplicados en la práctica clínica para estimar el pronóstico de las víctimas de trauma encefalocraneano contuso, considerando, sin embargo su moderado poder discriminatorio.O estudo teve como objetivos verificar e comparar o desempenho de escores da Escala de Coma de Glasgow (ECGl) observados nas primeiras 72 horas após trauma, para predizer mortalidade hospitalar. Os valores analisados foram os escores obtidos após atendimento inicial intra-hospitalar, além dos piores e melhores resultados da escala nas primeiras 72 horas pós-trauma. A capacidade preditiva dos escores da ECGl para estado vital à saída hospitalar foi avaliada, utilizando-se a curva Reciever Operator Characteristic. Foram estudadas 277 vítimas, com trauma cranioencefálico contuso de diferentes gravidades. O desempenho dos escores da ECGl para estado vital à saída hospitalar foi moderado (0,74 a 0,79) e as áreas sob a curva não apresentaram diferença significativa. Os resultados sugerem que qualquer um dos três valores da ECGl analisados podem ser aplicados na prática clínica para estimar o prognóstico das vitimas de trauma cranioencefálico contuso, considerando-se, no entanto, seu moderado poder discriminatório