Формирование подхода и методики, влияющих на процесс генерации стратегии предприятия

Цель исследования состоит в формировании нового подхода и методики, влияющих на процесс генерации стратегии предприятия

Landau level spectroscopy of ultrathin graphite layers

Far infrared transmission experiments are performed on ultrathin epitaxial graphite samples in a magnetic field. The observed cyclotron resonance-like and electron-positron-like transitions are in excellent agreement with the expectations of a single-particle model of Dirac fermions in graphene, with an effective velocity of c* = 1.03 x 10^6 m/s.Comment: 4 pages 4 figures Slight revisions following referees' comments. One figure modifie

Tuning the electron-phonon coupling in multilayer graphene with magnetic fields

Magneto Raman scattering study of the E$_{2g}$ optical phonons in multi-layer epitaxial graphene grown on a carbon face of SiC are presented. At 4.2K in magnetic field up to 33 T, we observe a series of well pronounced avoided crossings each time the optically active inter Landau level transition is tuned in resonance with the E$_{2g}$ phonon excitation (at 196 meV). The width of the phonon Raman scattering response also shows pronounced variations and is enhanced in conditions of resonance. The experimental results are well reproduced by a model that gives directly the strength of the electron-phonon interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Resonant Excitation of Graphene K-Phonon and Intra-Landau-Level Excitons in Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy

Precise infrared magnetotransmission experiments have been performed in magnetic fields up to 32 T on a series of multilayer epitaxial graphene samples. We observe changes in the spectral features and broadening of the main cyclotron transition when the incoming photon energy is in resonance with the lowest Landau level separation and the energy of a K point optical phonon. We have developed a theory that explains and quantitatively reproduces the frequency and magnetic field dependence of the phenomenon as the absorption of a photon together with the simultaneous creation of an intervalley, intra-Landau-level exciton, and a K phonon.Comment: Main manuscript (5 pages); Supplementary Material (18 pages

Few layer graphene on SiC, pyrolitic graphite and graphene: a Raman scattering study

The results of micro-Raman scattering measurements performed on three different ``graphitic'' materials: micro-structured disks of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, graphene multi-layers thermally decomposed from carbon terminated surface of 4H-SiC and an exfoliated graphene monolayer are presented. Despite its multi-layer character, most parts of the surface of the graphitized SiC substrates shows a single-component, Lorentzian shape, double resonance Raman feature in striking similarity to the case of a single graphene monolayer. Our observation suggests a very weak electronic coupling between graphitic layers on the SiC surface, which therefore can be considered to be graphene multi-layers with a simple (Dirac-like) band structure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 Figures Structure of the paper strongly modified, small changes in Fig 2 and 3. Same interpretation and same result

Plasmon assisted transport through disordered array of quantum wires

Phononless plasmon assisted thermally activated transport through a long disordered array of finite length quantum wires is investigated analytically. Generically strong electron plasmon interaction in quantum wires results in a qualitative change of the temperature dependence of thermally activated resistance in comparison to phonon assisted transport. At high temperatures, the thermally activated resistance is determined by the Luttinger liquid interaction parameter of the wires.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, final version as publishe

LARCH Vogels Nationaal; een expertsysteem voor het beoordelen van de ruimtelijke samenhang en de duurzaamheid van broedvogelpopulaties in Nederland

Het model LARCH is een onderdeel van het kerninstrumentarium van het Natuurplanbureau. Het model voorspelt de kans op duurzaam voorkomen van vooral diersoorten op basis van de ruimtelijke configuratie van leefgebieden en de kwaliteit daarvan. Dit rapport beschrijft het toepasbaar maken van LARCH voor 89 broedvogelsoorten in Nederland, LARCH VOGELS NATIONAAL genaamd. Ten behoeve hiervan is een speciale begroeiingstypenkaart vervaardigd. Het model maakt deel uit van de Natuurplanner van het RIVM. De Natuurplanner integreert kennis over de effecten van de zogenoemde "ver"-thema's (verdroging, verzuring, vermesting) op planten en vegetatie(structuur). Door de uitbreiding met broedvogels kan ook de kennis over versnippering worden meegenomen

Participatory plant breeding: a way to arrive at better-adapted onion varieties

The search for varieties that are better adapted to organic farming is a current topic in the organic sector. Breeding programmes specific for organic agriculture should solve this problem. Collaborating with organic farmers in such programmes, particularly in the selection process, can potentially result in varieties better adapted to their needs. Here, we assume that organic farmers' perceptive of plant health is broader than that of conventional breeders. Two organic onion farmers and one conventional onion breeder were monitored in their selection activities in 2004 and 2005 in order to verify whether and in which way this broader view on plant health contributes to improvement of organic varieties. They made selections by positive mass selection in three segregating populations under organic conditions. The monitoring showed that the organic farmers selected in the field for earliness and downy mildew and after storage for bulb characteristics. The conventional breeder selected only after storage. Farmers and breeder applied identical selection directions for bulb traits as a round shape, better hardness and skin firmness. This resulted in smaller bulbs in the breeders’ populations, while the bulbs in the farmer populations were bigger than in the original population. In 2006 and 2007 the new onion populations will be compared with each other and the original populations to determine the selection response

Conflicterende of convergerende ambities in de Eems-Dollard

Het Eems-Dollardgebied is één van de laatste nog open estuaria in Nederland. Het gebied herbergt belangrijke (internationale) natuurwaarden, maar vormt ook de toegangspoort tot havens met een grote economische betekenis voor de regio. De huidige economische ontwikkeling vraagt om voortdurende ingrepen in het estuarium. Dat zet de natuurwaarden onder grote druk. Bedrijfsleven, overheden en natuurbeschermers zoeken naar mogelijkheden om de economische en de ecologische betekenis van het gebied beter in balans te brengen. In WOt-paper 10 wordt verkend met de kijkrichtingen uit de Natuurverkenning 2010-2040 als hulpmiddel hoe dat er uit zou kunnen zien

Magneto-transmission of multi-layer epitaxial graphene and bulk graphite: A comparison

Magneto-transmission of a thin layer of bulk graphite is compared with spectra taken on multilayer epitaxial graphene prepared by thermal decomposition of a SiC crystal. We focus on the spectral features evolving as \sqrt{B}, which are evidence for the presence of Dirac fermions in both materials. Whereas the results on multi-layer epitaxial graphene can be interpreted within the model of 2D Dirac fermions, the data obtained on bulk graphite can only be explained taking into account the 3D nature of graphite, e.g. by using the standard Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure model.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure