Problemática asociada a los cambios de uso del suelo : zona irrigada del Departamento de San Rafael, Mendoza

El Departamento de San Rafael, se encuentra en un territorio de alta fragilidad por las características que posee. Los cambios en el uso del suelo en este tipo de zonas causan diversos problemas y conflictos con los componentes del territorio. Los objetivos del trabajo son analizar los cambios de uso del suelo y la relación con la legislación vigente y describir la problemática asociada. A través del análisis espacial con Google Earth se ha realizado relevamientos de zonas con cambio de uso del suelo. En el Departamento, el abandono de fincas debido a la situación crítica que sufre el sector agrícola ha traído aparejada consecuencias negativas en la red de riego y un cambio de uso del suelo creciente hacia usos residenciales y turísticos. El recurso hídrico es uno de los factores más afectados tanto en su uso como distribución.The Department of San Rafael, is a territory of high fragility by the characteristics that it possesses. Changes in land use in areas of high environmental fragility cause various problems and conflicts with the components of the territory. The objectives of this work are to analyze changes in land use and the relationship with current legislation and describe the associated problems. Through the spatial analysis with Google Earth has been made surveys of areas with land use change. In the Department, the abandonment of the farms by a critical situation that suffers the agricultural sector. This has brought about the appearance of negative consequences on red irrigation, a change of land use for residential and tourist uses. The water resource is one of the factors most affected both in its use and distribution.Fil: Guajardo, Adriana B.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas a la IndustriaFil: Alcantú, Stella M.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas a la IndustriaFil: Giaroli, Gisela Natali. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas a la IndustriaFil: Rodríguez, María B.. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas a la IndustriaFil: Vega, Gustavo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas a la Industri

Predictive power of the ADHD GWAS 2019 polygenic risk scores in independent samples of bipolar patients with childhood ADHD

BACKGROUND Although there is evidence of genetic correlation between bipolar disorder (BP) and ADHD, the extent of the shared genetic risk and whether childhood ADHD (cADHD) influences the characteristics of the adult BP remain unclear. Our objectives were: (i) to test the ability of polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from the latest PGC ADHD-GWAS (Demontis et al., 2019) to predict the presence of cADHD in BP patients; (ii) to examine the hypothesis that BP preceded by cADHD is a BP subtype with particular clinical traits and (iii) partially shares its molecular basis with ADHD. METHOD PRS derived from the ADHD-GWAS-2019 were tested in BP patients (N = 942) assessed for cADHD with the Wender Utah Rating Scale and in controls from Romania and UK (N = 1616). RESULTS The ADHD-PRS differentiated BP cases with cADHD from controls. Proband sex and BP age-of-onset significantly influenced the discriminative power of the ADHD-PRS. The ADHD-PRS predicted the cADHD score only in males and in BP cases with early age-of-onset (≤21 years). Bipolar patients with cADHD had a younger age-of-onset of mania/depression than patients without cADHD. The ADHD-PRS predicted the BP-affection status in the comparison of early-onset BP cases with controls suggesting a partial molecular overlap between early-onset BP and ADHD. LIMITATIONS Retrospective diagnosis of cADHD, small sample size. CONCLUSIONS The PRS-analysis indicated an acceptable predictive ability of the ADHD-SNP-set 2019 in independent BP samples. The best prediction of both cADHD and BP-affection status was found in the early-onset BP cases. The results may have impact on the individual disease monitoring

Coracoid impingement syndrome: a literature review

Coracoid impingement syndrome is a less common cause of shoulder pain. Symptoms are presumed to occur when the subscapularis tendon impinges between the coracoid and lesser tuberosity of the humerus. Coracoid impingement should be included in the differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with activity-related anterior shoulder pain. It is not thought to be as common as subacromial impingement, and the possibility of the coexistence of the two conditions must be taken into consideration before treatment of either as an isolated process. If nonoperative treatment fails to relieve symptoms, surgical decompression can be offered as an option

Chromosomal microarray testing in adults with intellectual disability presenting with comorbid psychiatric disorders.

Chromosomal copy-number variations (CNVs) are a class of genetic variants highly implicated in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disabilities (ID), schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Yet the majority of adults with idiopathic ID presenting to psychiatric services have not been tested for CNVs. We undertook genome-wide chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) of 202 adults with idiopathic ID recruited from community and in-patient ID psychiatry services across England. CNV pathogenicity was assessed using standard clinical diagnostic methods and participants underwent comprehensive medical and psychiatric phenotyping. We found an 11% yield of likely pathogenic CNVs (22/202). CNVs at recurrent loci, including the 15q11-q13 and 16p11.2-p13.11 regions were most frequently observed. We observed an increased frequency of 16p11.2 duplications compared with those reported in single-disorder cohorts. CNVs were also identified in genes known to effect neurodevelopment, namely NRXN1 and GRIN2B. Furthermore deletions at 2q13, 12q21.2-21.31 and 19q13.32, and duplications at 4p16.3, 13q32.3-33.3 and Xq24-25 were observed. Routine CMA in ID psychiatry could uncover ~11% new genetic diagnoses with potential implications for patient management. We advocate greater consideration of CMA in the assessment of adults with idiopathic ID presenting to psychiatry services

MR imaging in sports-related glenohumeral instability

Sports-related shoulder pain and injuries represent a common problem. In this context, glenohumeral instability is currently believed to play a central role either as a recognized or as an unrecognized condition. Shoulder instabilities can roughly be divided into traumatic, atraumatic, and microtraumatic glenohumeral instabilities. In athletes, atraumatic and microtraumatic instabilities can lead to secondary impingement syndromes and chronic damage to intraarticular structures. Magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography is superior to conventional MR imaging in the diagnosis of labro-ligamentous injuries, intrinsic impingement, and SLAP (superior labral anteroposterior) lesions, and thus represents the most informative imaging modality in the overall assessment of glenohumeral instability. This article reviews the imaging criteria for the detection and classification of instability-related injuries in athletes with special emphasis on the influence of MR findings on therapeutic decisions