Impact of inactivity and exercise on the vasculature in humans

The effects of inactivity and exercise training on established and novel cardiovascular risk factors are relatively modest and do not account for the impact of inactivity and exercise on vascular risk. We examine evidence that inactivity and exercise have direct effects on both vasculature function and structure in humans. Physical deconditioning is associated with enhanced vasoconstrictor tone and has profound and rapid effects on arterial remodelling in both large and smaller arteries. Evidence for an effect of deconditioning on vasodilator function is less consistent. Studies of the impact of exercise training suggest that both functional and structural remodelling adaptations occur and that the magnitude and time-course of these changes depends upon training duration and intensity and the vessel beds involved. Inactivity and exercise have direct “vascular deconditioning and conditioning” effects which likely modify cardiovascular risk

Prostate cancer imaging.

Item does not contain fulltextAs prostate cancer is a biologically heterogeneous disease for which a variety of treatment options are available, the major objective of prostate cancer imaging is to achieve more precise disease characterization. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may enhance the staging of prostate cancer compared with clinical evaluation, transrectal ultrasound, or computed tomography (CT), and allows concurrent evaluation of prostatic, periprostatic, and pelvic anatomy. In clinical practice, the fusion of MRI or dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) with MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is improving the evaluation of cancer location, size, and extent, while providing an indication of tumor aggressiveness. Pretreatment knowledge of these prognostic variables is essential for achieving minimally invasive, patient-specific therapy

Summary of the proceedings of the International Forum 2018: \u201cValue-based radiology\u201d

The International Forum, established by the European Society of Radiology (ESR), aims to discuss important topics in the field of radiology with radiological partner societies from outside Europe. Value-based healthcare is currently a hot topic around the world and has been addressed in many papers. The ESR chose the topic value-based radiology for the ESR International Forum at ECR 2018 to discuss the trend within radiology to move from volume-based to value-based practice. The value-based healthcare (VBH) concept defined value as health outcomes achieved for patients relative to the costs of achieving them (European Society of Radiology (ESR) 2017, Insights Imaging 8: 566). Value should increase the health outcome and decrease the cost of delivering the outcomes. Radiology is simply counted as a cost and therefore, it is important that the radiologists themselves have an active role in the transition to be recognised as clinicians taking care of the patients