Passive immunity transfer forecast in different horse breed

First trial was carried out on 11 thoroughbred mares. A correlation was noted between mare serum at delivery and 24 h colostrum IgG levels. Mare serum IgA collected one week before foaling were correlated with 24 h colostrum IgA. Significant correlation was found between foals serum IgGb amount at 0 h and IgGb mare serum content collected one week before foaling. IgG foal serum amounts collected one week after birth and IgG mare serum 2 weeks before foaling were also correlated. We noted correlation between gammaglobulins at delivery and 24h colostral IgGb. In the second trial 12 crossbred mares were examined. Total proteins (TP) mean level showed a good correlation with IgG concentration. Mare serum and mare colostrum IgG weren’t correlated. Serum IgG(T) were correlated with IgG and highest values were observed at foaling as in the previous trial. Significant correlation was also observed between IgG and IgM. Foal serum IgG(T) were correlated with IgG and both showed highest values at 18 hours. Correlation was found between foal serum IgG contents at 6 and 18 hours and colostrum IgG levels at delivery. Foal serum á1-globulins level significantly increased between 3 and 48 hours from birth; the same was noted for globulins between 3 and 24 hours. Albumin/Globulins ratio decreased, during the first 24 hours, from 2.5/1 at birth until about 1/1 at 18-24 hours

La copertura immunitaria nella specie equina.

Vengono prese in esame le principali cause di predisposizione alla FPT (trasferimento dell'immunità passiva) dalla fattrice al puledro con monitoraggio dei valori ematici delle diverse classi di immunoglobuline nel siero materno nelle ultime settimane di gravidanza, dei valori delle stesse nel colostro e del livello ematico nei puledri a 18-24 ore dall'assunzione colostrale.Sono inoltre valutati altri possibili interventi in caso di gravi carenze immunitarie

Fisioterapia in piscina per il cavallo sportivo

Aim of the work belongs to the experimental evaluation of the effects of physiotherapy by the use of swimming pool on sporting-horses from different breeding, involved in differ- ent racing and jumping competitions. Positivity of therapeutical intervention was measured on the basis of quality of horses performances, related to their category, before and after the effect of pool physiotherapy. 81 horses were observed during a period of 3 years. 29 were thoroughbred, 20 standard- bred, 20 jumping thoroughbred and crossbred performing hurdle, steeple-chase and cross- country races, 12 horse-riding italian saddle and irish hunter. 68.2% total observed horses (80% horse-riding) using pool physiotherapy performed good results and subjects came back to the same level competitions. Most frequent pathologies exib- ited by the observed animals were tendinous or muscular inflammations (50%). 50% total horses were 4-5 years old; only 2.3% were under 3 years old, confirming low technical use of swimming pool in training young horses. Efficacy of therapeutic treatment was confirmed by the short medium attendance period at the Centre. 43.2% medium length period was less than 2 months and 25% was longer than 2 months. Males and geldings were predominant than females

Growth and nutrient uptake of late artichoke cv. Terom

The aim of this research was to determine the growth rate and the nutrient uptake (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) of artichoke during the first three planting years, using the late cultivar “Terom”. Artichoke plants showed two periods of vegetative growth, in autumn and spring. In the third year, the fresh biomass production was 106.3 t ha−1 (equal to 13.6 t ha−1 of dry weight). Total nutrient uptake of artichoke plants was 272 kg ha−1 of N, 40.2 kg ha−1 of P2O5, 342.4 kg ha−1 of K2O, 314 kg ha−1 of CaO and 8.8 kg ha−1 of MgO, while the nutrient uptake ratio was 1: 0.14 : 1.25 : 1.15 : 0.03. Nutrients removal by artichoke head harvest was 32.1 kg ha−1 of N, 6.7 kg ha−1 of P2O5, 39.7 kg ha−1 of K2O, 20.6 kg ha−1 of CaO and 0.36 kg ha−1 of MgO. The highest nutrient uptake occurred in spring, during the growth of the flower stems until the harvest of the main heads

Quali-Quantitative Determination of Chlorogenic Acid in Artichoke Heads by Means of RP-HPLC and GC-MS

Chlorogenic acid (trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid) is the quantitatively predominant hydroxycinnamate contained in artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) tissues, and is directly involved in many of its well-documented hepatoprotective effects. The research has concerned: (a) the quali-quantitative determination of chlorogenic acid in the edible parts (inner bracts or ‘hearts’) of the main head at harvest time in 4 early artichoke cultivars from South Italy (“Violetto di Provenza”, ”Violetto di Sicilia”, “Locale di Mola”, “Thema”) and 2 late cultivars from Central Italy (“Grato 1” and “Terom”); (b) the determination of the chlorogenic acid content during the development of the main head (cv. ”Terom” and cv. “Grato 1”); (c) the evaluation of the effect of thermal treatment on the chlorogenic acid content in the edible parts of artichoke heads (cv.”Grato1”). The analysis of the methanolic extracts were carried out by means of RP-HPLC and GC/MS using chlorogenic acid methylester as internal standard. The results of cultivar comparison shows a more limited variability (ranging from 1.003 mg/g of FW in “Thema” to 2.464 mg/g of FW in “Grato 1”) than previously reported in literature, mainly due to the analytical under/overestimation of the true chlorogenic acid content without using an internal standard. The chlorogenic acid concentration decreases during the development of the main heads (i.e. for “Grato 1” a reduction of 38 % in the chlorogenic acid content has been found, going from 26 days before harvest to harvest stage). Finally, after boiling the inner bracts in water for 20 minutes, a loss of 44% in the chlorogenic acid content has been observed