98 research outputs found

    Inversion formulas for the broken-ray Radon transform

    Full text link
    We consider the inverse problem of the broken ray transform (sometimes also referred to as the V-line transform). Explicit image reconstruction formulas are derived and tested numerically. The obtained formulas are generalizations of the filtered backprojection formula of the conventional Radon transform. The advantages of the broken ray transform include the possibility to reconstruct the absorption and the scattering coefficients of the medium simultaneously and the possibility to utilize scattered radiation which, in the case of the conventional X-ray tomography, is typically discarded.Comment: To be submitted to Inverse Problem

    Niveau de l'acétylcholinestérase chez quatre espÚces de poissons de l'estuaire du Sebou

    Get PDF
    Les organophosphorĂ©s (OP) et les carbamates (C), insecticides d’origine agricole, sont toxiques pour la plupart des organismes en raison de leur facultĂ© d’inhibition des cholinestĂ©rases et plus particuliĂšrement l’acĂ©tylcholinestĂ©rase (AChE). En effet, ils provoquent une accumulation des cholines au niveau des synapses, aboutissant Ă  la paralysie puis Ă  la mort. Afin de dĂ©tecter une contamination de l’estuaire de l’Oued Sebou par ces insecticides, l’activitĂ© acĂ©tylcholinestĂ©rasique (AchE) a Ă©tĂ© dosĂ©e dans le muscle, le cerveau, le foie et les branchies de quatre poissons : Solea vulgaris (sole), Dicentrachus labrax (loup), Diplodus sargus (sar) et Pleuronectes platessa (plie). Les Ă©chantillons prĂ©levĂ©s semestriellement dans l’estuaire de l’Oued Sebou prĂ©sentent une plus faible activitĂ© AChE par rapport Ă  celle des espĂšces du site tĂ©moin (large de Mehdya). Cette diffĂ©rence de l’activitĂ© AChE entre les deux sites, attribuĂ©e aux effets neurotoxiques liĂ©s Ă  la prĂ©sence dans le milieu d’OP ou de C, signifierait une contamination de l’estuaire de l’Oued Sebou

    L'hypersensibilité des récepteurs dopaminergiques induite par des injections chroniques unilatérales intracaudales de l'anticorps anti-idiotypique dopaminergique

    Get PDF
    La contribution des mĂ©canismes immunologiques dans la genĂšse de la maladie de Parkinson est trĂšs controversĂ©e. Des injections chroniques unilatĂ©rales dans le noyau caudĂ© (1 injection par semaine pendant 5 semaines) de l’anticorps anti-idiotypique de la dopamine conjuguĂ©e (AIDA) ou de l’halopĂ©ridol semblent induire, une semaine aprĂšs la derniĂšre injection, une hypersensibilitĂ© des rĂ©cepteurs dopaminergiques rĂ©vĂ©lĂ©e par l’injection de faibles doses d’apomorphine. Cette hypersensibilitĂ© se traduit par un comportement de rotation controlatĂ©rale au site d’injection

    Effet à long terme d'injections intracérébroventriculaires d'anticorps dopaminergiques sur l'hypersensibilité comportementale chez la souris

    Get PDF
    ln the present study the effect ofrepeated intracerebroventricular (ICV) of anti-conjugated dopamine antibodies (Acm anti-DAc) was investigated on behavioural supersensitivity and eating behavior. Mice were injected in ICV (with an ICV cannula) with either Acm anti-DAc or no immuns immunoglobulins (IgNI) twice a week for 5 weeks, their behavioural supersensitivity to apomorphine (0.05 mglkg) were measured. The results showed that Repeated intracerebroventricular injections of anti conjugated dopamine antibodies produced a behavioural supersensitivity to apomorphine. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the behavioural supersensitivity is not due to DA celllosses in the substantia nigra or the ventral tegmentum area. Key words: Dopaminergic antibodies, Intracerebroventricular injections, Behavioural supersensitivity, Mice  Des injections intracĂ©rĂ©broventriculaires rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©es de l'anticorps monoclonal anti-dopamine conjuguĂ©e (ACm antiDAc) chez des souris Balb/c entraĂźnent, pendant 8 semaines aprĂšs la fin des injections, une hypersensibilitĂ© comportementale. L'analyse immunohistochimique montre que cette hypersensibilitĂ© ne semble pas liĂ©e directement Ă  une perte des cellules DA dans la substance noire et dans l'aire tegmentale ventrale. Mots clĂ©s: Anticorps dopaminergiques, Injections intracĂ©rĂ©broventriculaires, HypersensibilitĂ© comportementale, Souri

    Inverse Transport Theory of Photoacoustics

    Full text link
    We consider the reconstruction of optical parameters in a domain of interest from photoacoustic data. Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) radiates high frequency electromagnetic waves into the domain and measures acoustic signals emitted by the resulting thermal expansion. Acoustic signals are then used to construct the deposited thermal energy map. The latter depends on the constitutive optical parameters in a nontrivial manner. In this paper, we develop and use an inverse transport theory with internal measurements to extract information on the optical coefficients from knowledge of the deposited thermal energy map. We consider the multi-measurement setting in which many electromagnetic radiation patterns are used to probe the domain of interest. By developing an expansion of the measurement operator into singular components, we show that the spatial variations of the intrinsic attenuation and the scattering coefficients may be reconstructed. We also reconstruct coefficients describing anisotropic scattering of photons, such as the anisotropy coefficient g(x)g(x) in a Henyey-Greenstein phase function model. Finally, we derive stability estimates for the reconstructions

    A remark on an overdetermined problem in Riemannian Geometry

    Full text link
    Let (M,g)(M,g) be a Riemannian manifold with a distinguished point OO and assume that the geodesic distance dd from OO is an isoparametric function. Let Ω⊂M\Omega\subset M be a bounded domain, with O∈ΩO \in \Omega, and consider the problem Δpu=−1\Delta_p u = -1 in Ω\Omega with u=0u=0 on ∂Ω\partial \Omega, where Δp\Delta_p is the pp-Laplacian of gg. We prove that if the normal derivative ∂Μu\partial_{\nu}u of uu along the boundary of Ω\Omega is a function of dd satisfying suitable conditions, then Ω\Omega must be a geodesic ball. In particular, our result applies to open balls of Rn\mathbb{R}^n equipped with a rotationally symmetric metric of the form g=dt2+ρ2(t) gSg=dt^2+\rho^2(t)\,g_S, where gSg_S is the standard metric of the sphere.Comment: 8 pages. This paper has been written for possible publication in a special volume dedicated to the conference "Geometric Properties for Parabolic and Elliptic PDE's. 4th Italian-Japanese Workshop", organized in Palinuro in May 201

    Détection voltamétrique des catécholamines dans le bulbe olfactif du rat

    Get PDF
    La voltamétrie différentielle sur impulsions normales (D.N.P.V.) associée à une fibre de carbone traitée électrochimiquement a été conçue pour la détermination des catécholamines. Une étude in vitro a permis de mettre au point un traitement électrochimique pour la détection des catécholamines qui a amplement amélioré les performances de l'électrode en termes de sélectivité, de sensibilité et de stabilité de la réponse. In vivo, l'électrode ainsi traitée a servi pour l'évaluation de trÚs faibles concentrations (10.7 à 10.8 M) des catécholamines extracellulaires au niveau du bulbe olfactif du rat.Voltammetric detection of catecholamines in the rat olfactory bulbDifferential normal pulse voltammetry (DNPV) associated to electrochemically treated carbon fiber electrode has been used for catecholamines determination. In vitro, study has permittÚd to take out electrochemical treatment for catécholamines detection. This treatment has widely improved selectivity, sensibility and stability ofresponse. In vivo, treated electrode was used for determination of very low concentrations (10.7 to 10.8 M) of extracellular catecholamines in the rat olfactory bulb

    On arbitrages arising from honest times

    Full text link
    In the context of a general continuous financial market model, we study whether the additional information associated with an honest time gives rise to arbitrage profits. By relying on the theory of progressive enlargement of filtrations, we explicitly show that no kind of arbitrage profit can ever be realised strictly before an honest time, while classical arbitrage opportunities can be realised exactly at an honest time as well as after an honest time. Moreover, stronger arbitrages of the first kind can only be obtained by trading as soon as an honest time occurs. We carefully study the behavior of local martingale deflators and consider no-arbitrage-type conditions weaker than NFLVR.Comment: 25 pages, revised versio
    • 

    corecore