Effects of supplementation of amino acids, lysine and methionine on growth performance and feed utilization of sobaity sea bream juveniles, Sparidentex hasta

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of lysine and methionine on growth and nutrient utilization of Sobaity sea bream, Sparidentex hasta.A total of 180 juvenile fish with an initial weight of 31.38 ±1.4 g were distributed randomly among eighteen tanks. Fish were fed to satiation three times per day (08:00, 13:00 and 18:00 hours) for 8 weeks with formulated diets containing six different levels of dietary methionine and/or lysine; Diet 1: a control diet without dietary amino acid supplementation; Diet 2: 100% methionine supplementation; Diet 3: 75% methionine and 25% lysine supplementation; Diet 4: 50% methionine and 50% lysine supplementation; Diet 5: 25% methionine and 75% lysine supplementation and Diet 6: 100% lysine supplementation. The results of this study showed that dietary lysine and methionine supplementation significantly affected (P<0.05) growth parameters and feed utilization. The fish fed with high level of methionine supplementation had significantly improved growth performance than the group fed the control diet and treatment 6. Highest feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention were observed in diet 3. Though lysine and methionine supplementation showed positive effects on growth and feeding performance, our results suggested that Sobaity juveniles probably required more methionine than lysine

Impact of rural Family Physician programme on maternal and child health indicators in Iran: an interrupted time series analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The establishment of the Family Physician (FP) programme in the rural areas of Iran in 2005 has made health services accessible and affordable. This paper aims to assess the overall trends of maternal and child health (MCH) indicators in a 20-year period and possible effects of the FP programme (intervention) on these indicators in Iran. DESIGN AND SETTING: An interrupted time series analysis was conducted on 20 annual MCH-related data points from 1994 to 2013. The intervention time was at the 12th data point in 2005. OUTCOMES: MCH indicators were grouped into three categories: structure (mother's age, education, occupation and gravidity), process (number of antenatal care visits (ACVs), laboratory tests, ultrasounds and natural vaginal deliveries (NVDs)) and outcomes (maternal mortality ratio (MMR), neonatal mortality rate (NMR), birth weight (BW), history of abortion and/or stillbirth, and haemoglobin level (Hb)). RESULTS: The adjusted slope of the ACV trend decreased sharply after the intervention (b=-0.36, p<0.01), whereas it increased for the frequency of ultrasounds (b=0.2, p<0.01) and did not change for number of laboratory tests (b=-0.09, p=0.95). The intensification of the descending slope observed for NVD (b=-1.91, p=0.03) disappeared after the adjustment for structural confounders (b=1.33, p=0.26). There was no significant slope change for MMR (b=1.12, p=0.28) and NMR (b=0.67, p=0.07) after the intervention. The slope for the history of abortion trend was constant before and after the intervention, but it considerably intensified for the history of stillbirths after the intervention (b=1.72, p<0.01). The decreasing trend of BW turned into a constant mode after the intervention (b=33.2, p<0.01), but no change was observed for Hb (b=-0.02, p=0.78). CONCLUSION: Although the FP programme had a positive effect on the process and proximal outcome indicators (BW), no dramatic effect on mortality outcome indicators was distinguished. It shows that there should be determinants or mediators of mortality outcomes in this setting, other than accessibility and affordability of MCH services.Esmaeil Khedmati Morasae is part-funded by the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in AppliedHealth Research and Care, North West Coast (NIHR CLAHRC NWC)

Comparison of Personality Trait, Negative Experienced Emotions and Coping Styles Between Healthy Women and Those Suffering From Cancer

Introduction: Considering the importance of cancer as one of the main causes of mortality in the world and the role of various factors, including psychological ones in its onset. In this study we compared some of these factors such as personality traits, negative experienced emotions and coping styles in healthy women and those with cancer. Methods: In this study, 83 women with cancer(referred to Imam Khomeini hospital of Tehran in a one- month period) and 85 healthy subjects(selected by using available sampling method and matched with the first group). Then Personality inventory of Eysenck and inventory type D(DS14) and Folkman and Lazarus coping styles on were studied in both groups. Data analysis was performed by T Hoteling test and multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA). Results: Two groups of women(cancer- healthy) were significantly different for personality trait of extraversion, negative emotion experiences and emotional-oriented coping and problem-oriented coping. Conclusion: Women with cancer compared to healthy women experienced more negative emotions and had lower score in extraversion and used more emotion-oriented coping styles and less problem-oriented style

The Role of Meaning in Life, Mindfulness and Resilience in the Flourishing of Students

The purpose of the study was to evauate the role of meaning in life, mindfulness and resilience in the flourishing of students. Based on descriptive – analytic method, two hundred and forty students of Tabriz University were selected by convenience sampling.  Participants responded to Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ; Steger, Frazier, Oishi, & Kaler), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; Baer, R.‌A., Smith,‌G.‌T.,‌Hopkins,‌J.,‌Krietemeyer,‌J.,‌&‌ Toney) and Diener Flourishing Scale. The results were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results showed that meaning in life and mindfulness had direct effects on the resilience. Resilience also had direct effects on the flourishing. Moreover the meaning in life and mindfulness showed indirect effect on flourishing by mediational effects of resilience. In general, hypothetical model showed good fit. These findings can be endorsed the importance of the positive role of meaning in life, mindfulness and resilience on the flourishing

Propranolol decreases the post-operative pain and analgesic administration following abdominal hysterectomy

Post-operative pain results in many complications. Studies suggest beta blockers to be effective in decreasing postoperative pain and analgesic requirements. This study evaluated the influence of perioperative administration of 40mg orally propranolol on patients' post-operative pain score and analgesic consumption following abdominal hysterectomy. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 73 women who had referred for elective abdominal hysterectomy surgery during years 2010-2011 were reviewed. Patients were randomly divided into case (receiving 40 mg orally propranolol tablet 30 min before surgery) and control (receiving orally placebo 30 min before surgery). General anesthesia was done the same for both groups. Postoperative time of first need to morphine, total morphine consumption dose and pain severity during the first 24 hours after surgery was measured among both groups. age and hysterectomy indication was not statistically different between two groups (p>0.05). Total morphine consumption in the propranolol group (2.85±2.5 mg) was lower than control group (10.35±2.2 mg) (p<0.001). The Initial morphine administration time (min) in the propranolol group was significantly longer than the control group (998.7 ± 49 vs. 261.7 ± 139.1) (p<0.001). The Pain Score (VAS scoring) (Mean±SD) in propranolol group was lower than the control group (1.03±0.58 vs. 2.76 ±0.8) (p< 0.001). administration of 40mg orally propranolol 30 minutes before abdominal hysterectomy is effective in decreasing patients' post-operative pain and morphine administration dosage. It also elongates the Initial morphine administration time in the first 24 hours following abdominal hysterectomy