Survey of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Yazd University of Medical Sciences Students about Solid Wastes Disposal and Recycling

The risk of unhealthy disposal of solid waste is one of the important problems in many societies, and recycling is considered as a solution for managing solid wastes. Environmental knowledge and attitude of young people (like students) appears to be crucial as their point of view ultimately plays an important role in providing solution to future environmental problems. In this study the knowledge, attitude and practice of Yazd University of Medical Sciences students in respect of disposal of solid wastes and the important factors were studied. Two hundred thirty seven students were included in this cross-sectional study, selected from 5 schools of this university. Data collected by a self administered questionnaire containing four sections, were analyzed using SPSS for Windows. The mean grade of knowledge of men and women was 13.53 and 12.38, of 20, respectively. The difference between the knowledge of males and females was significant (P< 0.016). On the whole the knowledge of the students was not appropriate. About 66% of students did not have any action in segregation and recycling of solid wastes. It is concluded that all students must take part in formal and informal education classes to promote their knowledge in this regard

"THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCTION IN PROMOTING HEALTH OF HAIRDRESSERS ABOUT HEPATITIS B BASED ON HEALTH BELIEF MODEL "

Hepatitis B (HB) is an infectious disease occurring worldwide which can be transferred by some professions, including hairdressers. Health education is an essential component of public health campaign about this disease. The purpose of this study was to test the utility of the health belief model (HBM) in understanding and predicating the intention of hairdressers in prevention of HB in their clients. A quasi-experimental study was conducted to 140 hairdressers (70 men and 70 women) in Yazd, Iran. All subjects were divided into two groups: case group (35 men and 35 women) and control group (35 men and 35 women). A researcher designed questionnaire according to the framework of HBM was developed, pilot-tested and then completed before and after intervention. There was significant difference between the mean grade scores of knowledge of case group before and after intervention (P &lt; 0.0001). The perceived threat of case group were also increased from 9.8 to 10.61 after intervention, but the perceived threat of control group were decreased from 9.97 to 9. The HBM may offer an effective foundation for development of an educational intervention program in hairdressers for prevention of HB in their clients

Evaluation of Preventive Behaviors of Otitis media Infection Based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in Mothers with Children less Than two Years Old of Yazd City

Introduction: Otitis media is one of the most common infections in children. The highest incidence is in children less than two years old. The complication of otitis media includes hearing problems, long-term and irreversible damage to the middle ear and the cochlea, reduction of IQ and speech problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic treatment of chronic otitis media, based on health belief model in mothers with children less than two years, in the city of Yazd. Methods: This cross sectional study, which was conducted in 93-1392, was done on 132 mothers with children less than two years old and was randomly selected from 6 centers among 15 Centers And by selecting 22 mothers from each center. Data were randomly collected by questionnaire, and were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Independent sample T-test for checking significance of correlations between scores and demographic variables used to construct the correlation coefficient between scores of the structures were determined by the Spearman test. Results: The results showed that only 4.5% of the knowledge and only 9.1% practice tips were desired. Perceived severity, perceived barriers and perceived benefits were reported to be desired in 92.4%, 81.1% and 94.7% of cases, respectively. There was direct correlation between interests with self-efficacy and perceived susceptibility, severity, knowledge and behavior. Also, there was direct correlation between the severity of barriers with and between self-efficacy and barriers to behavior and sensitivity. Between maternal age and the severity of interests and between the number of children significant relationship was observed. And the child's history of ear infection was a significant inverse correlation with practice tips. &nbsp;Conclusion: Appears due to the amount obtained from structures and low scores maternal knowledge and considering the high incidence of ear infections in children under 2 years of educational programs to raise awareness of maternal and improve preventive behaviors of middle ear infections be useful

The Role of Health Beliefs in Preventive Behaviors of Individuals at High- Risk of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an important health problem that leads to severe complications, is the cause of early death, and is showing an increase in frequency. Development of positive health behaviors is extremely important for prevention of diabetes in at high- risk individuals. This study aims to identify the relationship between health beliefs and diabetes preventive behaviors in individuals at high-risk for developing type2 diabetes mellitus in Taft city. Methods: A study using the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework was undertaken with 114 subjects of both genders aged 30 years and above from three urban health centers who were diagnosed as at high risk for type2 diabetes during the screening program. Research tool was a 66-item questionnaire. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Of the total, 29.8% of subjects were male and 70.2% were female. Regarding education, 68.4% of the subjects had not completed high school and 89.4% of them was married. Mean score of knowledge and preventive behaviors was 5.80 ±2.87 and5.41 ±2.83, respectively such that subjects scored 30.05% of maximum obtainable score of preventive behaviors. There were significant correlations between preventive behaviors and perceived susceptibility, r=0.243(P<0.009), perceived severity, r=0.312(P<0.001), perceived barrier, r=0.245 (P<0.006) and perceived self-efficacy, r=0.497 (P<0.001). Conclusion: Preventive behaviors among the subjects at high- risk for developing type 2 diabetes despite the presence of risk factors was poor due to lack of susceptibility, severity, barriers and self-efficacy perception