Continuity of the maximum-entropy inference: Convex geometry and numerical ranges approach

We study the continuity of an abstract generalization of the maximum-entropy inference - a maximizer. It is defined as a right-inverse of a linear map restricted to a convex body which uniquely maximizes on each fiber of the linear map a continuous function on the convex body. Using convex geometry we prove, amongst others, the existence of discontinuities of the maximizer at limits of extremal points not being extremal points themselves and apply the result to quantum correlations. Further, we use numerical range methods in the case of quantum inference which refers to two observables. One result is a complete characterization of points of discontinuity for $3\times 3$ matrices.Comment: 27 page

PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN DAN PENGALAMAN KERJA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PILAR UTAMA ASIA MEDAN

ABSTRACTEmployees in a company have diverse abilities, seen from the sectors or divisions they occupy. Developments in the field of skills and work experience have made the company more sensitive in improving the quality of its resources. There are also human resources or employees who occupy certain positions in the company have the ability in accordance with the required requirementsThe problem in this study is whether there is an influence of skills on the work ability of employees at PT. Main Pillar of Asia Medan, is there any influence of work experience on the work ability of employees at PT. Main Pillars of Asia Medan, and whether there is an influence of skills and work experience on the work ability of employees at PT. Asia's Main Pillars of Medan.The research method used is associative method. Associative research is research that aims to determine the relationship of two or more variables. In this study used as many as 40 respondents.The results showed that based on the results of the t-test research, the value of skills t-test was 2.972> t-table = 1.68709, meaning Ho was rejected and H1 was accepted. So the skills can partially affect the work ability of employees at PT. Asia's Main Pillars of Medan. Based on the results of t-test research, the value of t-work experience is 2.646> t-table = 1.68709, meaning that Ho is rejected and H2 is accepted. So work experience can partially affect the work ability of employees at PT. Asia's Main Pillars of Medan. Based on the results of the F-test research, the F-calculated value of 9.933> F-table = 3.25, it can be concluded that Ho is rejected and H3 can be accepted, namely skills and work experience together (simultaneously) simultaneously affect the work ability employees at PT. Asia's Main Pillars of Medan. It is recommended that PT. Main Pillars of Asia Medan continues to provide skills to employees because it is one of the factors to improve employee work capabilities. So that the PT. Main Pillars of Asia Medan pay more attention to the work experience that employees have at work because it is a factor that affects the work ability of employees.Keywords: Skills, Work Experience, and Work Abilit

Towards the Application of Atorvastatin to Intensify Proapoptotic Potential of Conventional Antileukemic Agents In Vitro

It has been previously revealed that statins used at high concentrations display antileukemic potential towards chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. However, their usage alone in clinical practice may be limited due to possible side effects of high doses of these drugs. On the other hand, combined treatment of leukemia with statins and the conventional chemotherapeutics is questionable because of unknown influence of the first on the standard treatment results. This study has revealed that in vitro atorvastatin increases the proapoptotic potential of cladribine and mafosfamide in CLL cells isolated from peripheral blood of patients. Moreover, a preincubation with the above statin sensitizes leukemic cells to CM-induced apoptosis even at small concentrations of the drug. The usage of atorvastatin together with or followed by the conventional chemotherapy should be considered as therapeutic option for the treatment for this leukemia. Interestingly, CM-resistant patients might have the biggest benefits from atorvastatin administration.Grant no. 1407 from the University of Łódź

Heart failure patients from hospital settings in Poland: Population characteristics and treatment patterns, a multicenter retrospective study

Background: Despite physicians&#8217; increasing knowledge regarding heart failure (HF), a significant percentage of patients still do not receive adequate treatment. The aim of this multicentre, retrospective descriptive study was to reveal the pharmacotherapy patterns in HF patients hospitalized in cardiology (CARD) and internal medicine (INT) wards in Poland. Methods: Included into the study were 800 consecutive patients who were admitted to the hospitals: 350 patients from 7 CARD wards and 450 patients from 9 INT wards. Results: The average age in the study group was about 70 years (youngest participant under 40 and oldest at 95 years of age). Decompensation of HF or acute HF were the most frequent causes of hospitalization (in both groups > 50%). The main etiology was coronary artery disease, either alone or together with hypertension (from about 60% in INT patients to about 78% in CARD patients, p = NS). With regard to pharmacotherapy, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were used in 81% of cases (77% CARD and 83% INT; p = 0.05); out of this group, doses were at optimal or larger in 39.3% of patients (38% CARD patients and 39.4% INT patients). Beta-blockers were administered in 31.4% and 19.1% of patients from the CARD and INT groups respectively (p < 0.0001), but optimal dosing was negligible. Conclusions: Compared with an assessment conducted several years ago, the past education initiatives have significantly improved the quality of standard-based HF treatment. However, suboptimal dosing and the use of drugs that do not improve prognosis remain an unresolved issue in this population. (Cardiol J 2008; 15: 169-180

CSF-1R as an inhibitor of apoptosis and promoter of proliferation, migration and invasion of canine mammary cancer cells

BACKGROUND: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have high impact on the cancer development because they can facilitate matrix invasion, angiogenesis, and tumor cell motility. It gives cancer cells the capacity to invade normal tissues and metastasize. The signaling of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) which is an important regulator of proliferation and differentiation of monocytes and macrophages regulates most of the tissue macrophages. However, CSF-1R is expressed also in breast epithelial tissue during some physiological stages i.g.: pregnancy and lactation. Its expression has been also detected in various cancers. Our previous study has showed the expression of CSF-1R in all examined canine mammary tumors. Moreover, it strongly correlated with grade of malignancy and ability to metastasis. This study was therefore designed to characterize the role of CSF-1R in canine mammary cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. As far as we know, the study presented hereby is a pioneering experiment in this field of veterinary medicine. RESULTS: We showed that csf-1r silencing significantly increased apoptosis (Annexin V test), decreased proliferation (measured as Ki67 expression) and decreased migration (“wound healing” assay) of canine mammary cancer cells. Treatment of these cells with CSF-1 caused opposite effect. Moreover, csf-1r knock-down changed growth characteristics of highly invasive cell lines on Matrigel matrix, and significantly decreased the ability of these cells to invade matrix. CSF-1 treatment increased invasion of cancer cells. CONCLUSION: The evidence of the expression and functional role of the CSF-1R in canine mammary cancer cells indicate that CSF-1R targeting may be a good therapeutic approach

Typical support and Sanov large deviations of correlated states

Discrete stationary classical processes as well as quantum lattice states are asymptotically confined to their respective typical support, the exponential growth rate of which is given by the (maximal ergodic) entropy. In the iid case the distinguishability of typical supports can be asymptotically specified by means of the relative entropy, according to Sanov's theorem. We give an extension to the correlated case, referring to the newly introduced class of HP-states.Comment: 29 pages, no figures, references adde

Chorzy z niewydolnością serca leczeni w warunkach szpitalnych w Polsce: charakterystyka oraz metody leczenia, retrospektywna analiza wieloośrodkowa

Wstęp: Pomimo wzrastającej wiedzy lekarzy dotyczącej niewydolności serca (HF) znaczący odsetek chorych nadal nie jest właściwie leczony. Celem niniejszego wieloośrodkowego, retrospektywnego badania opisowego była ocena metod farmakoterapii stosowanych u chorych z HF, hospitalizowanych na oddziałach kardiologicznych oraz chorób wewnętrznych w Polsce. Metody: Do badania włączono kolejnych 800 chorych przyjętych do szpitali: 350 pacjentów z 7 oddziałów kardiologicznych i 450 pacjentów z 9 oddziałów chorób wewnętrznych. Wyniki: Średnia wieku w opisywanej grupie wynosiła około 70 lat (najmłodszy chory miał mniej niż 40 lat, najstarszy > 95 lat). Najczęstszymi przyczynami hospitalizacji były dekompensacja HF oraz ostra HF (w obu grupach > 50%). Najczęstszą etiologię stanowiła choroba wieńcowa, zarówno izolowana, jak i współwystępująca z nadciśnieniem tętniczym (od ok. 60% w grupie pacjentów z oddziałów chorób wewnętrznych do ok. 78% chorych z oddziałów kardiologicznych, p = NS). W ramach farmakoterapii inhibitory receptora angiotensyny stosowano u 81% chorych (77% osób z oddziałów kardiologicznych i 83% pacjentów z oddziałów chorób wewnętrznych, p = 0,05); wśród tych pacjentów stosowane dawki leków były zgodne z zaleceniami lub większe u 39,3% chorych (38% osób z oddziałów kardiologicznych i 39,4% pacjent ów z oddziałów chorób wewnętrznych). Beta-adrenolityki stosowano u 31,4% i 19,1% osób, odpowiednio na oddziałach kardiologicznych i wewnętrznych (p < 0,0001), jednak nie przestrzegano zalecanych dawek. Wnioski: W porównaniu z oceną sprzed kilku lat zaobserwowano znaczącą poprawę jakości leczenia chorych z HF zgodnie ze standardami, prawdopodobnie w następstwie przeprowadzenia szkoleń edukacyjnych dla lekarzy. Problemem pozostaje jednak stosowanie zbyt małych dawek leków oraz preparatów, które nie wpływają na rokowanie

Entropy and Quantum Kolmogorov Complexity: A Quantum Brudno's Theorem

In classical information theory, entropy rate and Kolmogorov complexity per symbol are related by a theorem of Brudno. In this paper, we prove a quantum version of this theorem, connecting the von Neumann entropy rate and two notions of quantum Kolmogorov complexity, both based on the shortest qubit descriptions of qubit strings that, run by a universal quantum Turing machine, reproduce them as outputs.Comment: 26 pages, no figures. Reference to publication added: published in the Communications in Mathematical Physics (http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0916/

Żywienie dojelitowe i pozajelitowe w udarze mózgu — stanowisko Grupy Ekspertów Sekcji Chorób Naczyniowych Polskiego Towarzystwa Neurologicznego

U chorych po udarze mózgu bardzo często występują zaburzenia przyjmowania, wchłaniania i metabolizowania pokarmów. Niedożywienie w znaczącym stopniu zwiększa ryzyko wstąpienia powikłań oraz wpływa na czas hospitalizacji, skuteczność rehabilitacji i jakość życia. W pracy przedstawiono stanowisko Grupy Ekspertów powołanej z inicjatywy Sekcji Chorób Naczyniowych Polskiego Towarzystwa Neurologicznego dotyczące żywienia dojelitowego i pozajelitowego po udarze mózgu