Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Riveted Joints

This paper represents the analysis and modeling of adhesively bonded single lap riveted joints. The present work aimed at recommending appropriate configuration and characterization of these joints for maximum utilization. The present study includes the effectiveness of bond line thickness, the bonded layer configuration, and the situation of dissimilar thickness joints. The finite-element technique was used throughout the analysis of the present work. The present work showed that riveted bonded joint (bonded at overlap area and rivet body) is superior in strengthening to the riveted joints. Riveted bonded joint seems to strengthen and balances the stresses of dissimilar thickness joints

Strength Prediction of Bonded T-Peel Joint with Single Overlap Support

Bonded structure are commonly three types, purely adhesive bonded, weld-bonded and adhesive/mechanical structures. Generally, peel and overlapped joints are commonly used in the development of bonded structures. T-Peel bonded joint has week tensile loading strength compare to double-overlap bonded joint. The present work aimed to predicting the strength of bonded T-peel joint with single overlap support using finite-element method. For comparison purposes, normal bonded T-peel joint is included in this study. It was found the introduction of a single overlap support for bonded T-peel joint strengthening the joint by 300%. Furthermore, it was reported that the proposed joint strength increased further with increase of the overlap support plate length and thickness.</jats:p

Analysis of T-Peel Weld-Bonded Joint with Single Overlap Support

Bonded structure are commonly of three types, purely adhesive bonded, weld-bonded and adhesive/mechanical structures. Peel and overlapped joints are commonly used in the development of bonded structures. T-Peel bonded joint has week tensile strength load compared to double-overlap bonded joint. The present work aimed to predicting the strength of weld-bonded T-peel joint with single overlap weld-bond support plate using finite-element method. For comparison purposes, weld-bond T-peel joint without support is included in this study. It was found the peak stress is concentrated towards the inner far end of T-peel mid-layer of adhesive and through weld-nugget center. The introduction of single overlap weld-bond support for T-peel joint strengthen the joint by 500%.</jats:p

Thermal-stresses in carbide-tip bonded face milling cutters

AbstractBonded composite cutting tools has been introduced to enhance surface finish and reduce cutting forces. The main objective of the current study is to assess factors that influence the thermal stresses developed in adhesively bonded carbide tip face milling cutters using numerical analysis. Both plain, copper filled adhesives, dry and coolant factors are considered in current study. It is found that thermal stresses developed in bonded carbide tip face milling cutter decrease tremendously with applying cutting coolant and little effect was reported when adding copper filler to adhesive

Correlation and Analysis of Operating Temperature Data for Direct Olefin Conversion from Heavy Crude

Abstract Data analytics is a complex process of examining available data to reveal information such as hidden arrangements and correlations that can help enhance production or cost cutting decisions. The world’s demand and production of olefins are now higher than any other chemicals especially light olefins. This demand is supported by the fact that currently, Crude Oil-to-Chemicals (COTC) is an influential driver and a strong trend of high interest to all integrated refineries and chemical producers. Zeolite-based catalyst is a major cracking catalyst used in the industry, where Y-zeolites have progressively attracted attention as good adsorbents and stable acid catalysts, and are characterized by large, essentially spherical and internal cavities. This work focuses on analyzing operating data and correlating reaction temperatures for heavy crude to enhance the production of olefin using zeolite based catalyst. The prepared Y-zeolite was characterized for Specific surface area (SSA), total pore volume (TPV), average pore diameter (APD), and pore area (PA) according to the ASTM methods. The prepared catalyst showed a large pore diameter 211 Å and a high specific area of 425.6 m2/g, then the prepared catalyst was tested under varying conditions in a 250-mL autoclave-type reactor equipped with a stirrer, online Gas Chromatography (GC) and a gas sampling port. Different samples of crude with catalyst were tested at 380-450 °C and analysed via the online GC, where high peaks of ethylene and propylene were observed mainly at 430 °C reaching 3000 ppm wt. Moreover, the accumulative data of ethylene and propylene production from the experiments were recorded.</jats:p

OIL SPILL INCIDENTS AND DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS IN KUWAIT

ABSTRACT Since the discovery of oil in Kuwait, most oil-related activities have been located along the coastline 50 km south of Kuwait City. Other related industrial activities have been developed in this area apart from oil and petroleum products export in order to diversify the national sources of income. For these reasons, the potential for large oil spills in Kuwait's marine environment is highest along the south coast, where oil refineries and exporting facilities are located. An average of 219 barrels of oil were spilled annually between 1979 and 1985, and 2,100 gallons of dispersants were used in cleanup operations. The majority of incidents involved less than 5 barrels of oil and 500 gallons of dispersants. Incidents involving more than 100 barrels of oil and 5,000 gallons of dispersants were confined to the Sea Island and Mina Al-Ahmadi North and South Piers. This distribution undoubtedly affects the concentration of petroleum residues in various components of the marine environment, resulting in an increase in tar ball density along this coast, reaching a maximum at Ras Az-Zor, and significantly higher levels of vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbons in sediments and oysters collected south of Mina Al-Ahmadi. The objective of this paper is to report on the number, volume, and frequency distribution of oil spill incidents in Kuwait and the usage of dispersants in cleanup operations. Vanadium and petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations also are described as is the sensitivity of the southern coastal environment to oil spills. Recommendations have been made on how to conduct cleanup operations for any future oil spill incidents along the southern shoreline of Kuwait.</jats:p