Inhibition of Copper Corrosion in H2SO4, NaCl and NaOH Solutions by Citrullus colocynthis Fruits Extract

The inhibitive effect of extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruits on copper corrosion in H2SO4, NaCl and NaOH solutions were studied using conventional weight loss and electrochemical polarization methods. Results obtained showed that extract functioned as effective and excellent inhibitors in the acidic, salt and alkaline media. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the plants extracts behave as mixed-type inhibitors. The fruit extract of Citrullus colocynthis demonstrated better inhibition efficiency in the acidic medium than in the alkaline and salt medium. The experimental data complied with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the value and sign of the Gibb’s free energy of adsorption obtained suggested that inhibitor molecules have been spontaneously adsorbed onto the copper surface through a physical adsorption mechanism. Keywords: Copper inhibition, kinetics, plant ex, Corrosion tract, Langmuir, weight loss, and thermodynamics

Novel salted anionic-cationic polymethacrylate polymer blends for sustained release of acidic and basic drugs

Background: Since a unique matrix tablet formulation that independently controls the release of various drug types is in a great demand, the objective of this research was to develop a sustained release matrix tablet as a universal dosage form using a binary mixture of the salt forms of Eudragit polymers rather than their interpolyelectrolyte complexes. Methods: Tablets were prepared by wet granulation and compressed at different compression forces, depending on drug type. Dissolution tests were conducted using USP XXII rotating paddle apparatus at 50 rpm at 37°C in consecutive pH stages. Results: Tablets containing Ibuprofen (IB) as a model acidic drug and Metronidazole (MD) as a model basic drug showed controlled/sustained release behavior. For IB tablets containing 80% Ibuprofen and 5% (w/w) polymeric combination; the time for 50% of the drug release was about 24 hours compared to 8.5 hours for plain tablets containing 80% IB. In case of MD, the drug release extended to about 7 hours for tablets containing 80% MD and 5% (w/w) polymeric combination, compared to about 1 hour for plain tablets containing 80% MD. In terms of extending the release of medications, the dissolution profiles of the tablets containing polymeric salts forms were found to be statistically superior to tablets prepared by direct compression of the polymers in their powdered base forms, and superior to tablets containing the same polymers granulated using isopropyl alcohol. Conclusion: The findings indicated the significance of combining the polymers in their salt forms in controlling the release of various drug types from matrices

Transcriptional variability accelerates pre-leukemia by cell diversification and perturbation of protein synthesis

Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data were deposited in ArrayExpress with accession number E-MTAB-10853 and ERP006862, respectively. Code used for single-cell RNA-seq data analysis was deposited in Zenodo and can be accessed as G. Shikha and P. Cristina (2022). scRNA-seq analysis of RUNX1-RUNX1T1(9a) preleukemia, Zenodo; https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6584118.Supplementary Materials: This PDF file includes: Figs. S1 to S7 avilable at: https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.abn4886/suppl_file/sciadv.abn4886_sm.pdf (223.69 MB).Other Supplementary Material for this manuscript includes the following: Supplementary Files S1 to S9 available at: https://www.science.org/doi/suppl/10.1126/sciadv.abn4886/suppl_file/sciadv.abn4886_supplementary_files_s1_to_s9.zip (2.34 MB).View/request a protocol for this paper from Bio-protocol available at: https://en.bio-protocol.org/cjrap.aspx?eid=10.1126/sciadv.abn4886Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Transcriptional variability facilitates stochastic cell diversification and can in turn underpin adaptation to stress or injury. We hypothesize that it may analogously facilitate progression of premalignancy to cancer. To investigate this, we initiated preleukemia in mouse cells with enhanced transcriptional variability due to conditional disruption of the histone lysine acetyltransferase gene Kat2a. By combining single-cell RNA sequencing of preleukemia with functional analysis of transformation, we show that Kat2a loss results in global variegation of cell identity and accumulation of preleukemic cells. Leukemia progression is subsequently facilitated by destabilization of ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, which confer a transient transformation advantage. The contribution of transcriptional variability to early cancer evolution reflects a generic role in promoting cell fate transitions, which, in the case of well-adapted malignancies, contrastingly differentiates and depletes cancer stem cells. That is, transcriptional variability confers forward momentum to cell fate systems, with differential multistage impact throughout cancer evolution.Wellcome: WT098051; Leuka: John Goldman Fellowship; Lady Tata Memorial Trust: International Scholarship 2017-2021; Cancer Research UK: C22324/A23015; Kay Kendall Leukaemia Fund: KKL888; Wellcome Trust / University of Cambridge ISSF: Bridging Funding 2019

Transcriptional variability accelerates pre-leukemia by cell diversification and perturbation of protein synthesis

Transcriptional variability facilitates stochastic cell diversification and can in turn underpin adaptation to stress or injury. We hypothesize that it may analogously facilitate progression of premalignancy to cancer. To investigate this, we initiated preleukemia in mouse cells with enhanced transcriptional variability due to conditional disruption of the histone lysine acetyltransferase gene Kat2a. By combining single-cell RNA sequencing of preleukemia with functional analysis of transformation, we show that Kat2a loss results in global variegation of cell identity and accumulation of preleukemic cells. Leukemia progression is subsequently facilitated by destabilization of ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis, which confer a transient transformation advantage. The contribution of transcriptional variability to early cancer evolution reflects a generic role in promoting cell fate transitions, which, in the case of well-adapted malignancies, contrastingly differentiates and depletes cancer stem cells. That is, transcriptional variability confers forward momentum to cell fate systems, with differential multistage impact throughout cancer evolution

Clinical decision support systems in orthodontics: A narrative review of data science approaches

Advancements in technology and data collection generated immense amounts of information from various sources such as health records, clinical examination, imaging, medical devices, as well as experimental and biological data. Proper management and analysis of these data via high-end computing solutions, artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches can assist in extracting meaningful information that enhances population health and well-being. Furthermore, the extracted knowledge can provide new avenues for modern healthcare delivery via clinical decision support systems. This manuscript presents a narrative review of data science approaches for clinical decision support systems in orthodontics. We describe the fundamental components of data science approaches including (a) Data collection, storage and management; (b) Data processing; (c) In-depth data analysis; and (d) Data communication. Then, we introduce a web-based data management platform, the Data Storage for Computation and Integration, for temporomandibular joint and dental clinical decision support systems