Long-term allogeneic hematopoietic cells transplantation survivors proinflammatory cytokine profile compared to their respective donors and immunophenotype differences depending on GvHD history and infection status

Background In the course of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) the donor’s hematopoietic progenitor cells are exposed to immense proliferative stress to reconstitute in the recipient the functional hematopoiesis. Moreover, recipients who develop infections or chronic GvHD are subjected to further proliferative stress, especially in the lymphocyte subset. We hypothesized that allo-HCT may induce changes in proinflammatory cytokines profile and immunophenotype in the allo-HCT recipients, especially in patients with cGVHD history. We compared the cytokine profile (Il-6, Il-10, and TNF-) between long-term allo-HCT recipients and their respective donors and we analyzed cytokines profile and the immunophenotype of lymphocytes in long-term recipients grouped according to the infection and GvHD history. Results We have found no differences in the proinflammatory cytokines between allo-HCT recipients and their respective donors, as well as between recipients grouped according to infectious risk status. Immunophenotyping of recipients grouped according to GvHD status revealed an increased percentage of B-cell presenting PD-1 in recipients without a history of GvHD. Conclusions Lack of differences in proinflammatory cytokines concentrations between recipients and donors of allo-HCT would suggest that allo-HCT does not induce acceleration of the inflammageing-resembling phenomenon. No differences in the cytokine profile and immunophenotype between recipients grouped according to infectious risk status suggest that infectious risk is not reflected by the immunophenotype and cytokine profile. Furthermore, the lack of significant differences in immunophenotype of the recipients grouped according to the history of GvHD may suggest that in long-term survivors the immune system tends to stabilize with time

Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulant Treatment in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Transplant Recipients

The use of novel oral anticoagulants in patients with impaired renal function or undergoing immunosuppressive therapy is limited due to the risk of drug-to-drug interactions and anticoagulation-related adverse events. This article aims to assess the current data on the safety of direct-acting oral anticoagulant-based therapy in the population of kidney transplant recipients and patients with impaired renal function. The most important factors affecting the safety of treatment are the incidence of bleeding events, thromboembolic events, deaths and drug-to-drug interactions. The available data were compared to the findings on warfarin-based anticoagulation. Findings on the use of novel oral anticoagulants in kidney transplant recipients are limited yet promising in terms of safety and efficacy of use. However, current recommendations state that the co-administration of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants with several immunosuppressive agents is contraindicated

Are we losing water storage capacity mostly due to climate change – Analysis of the landscape hydric potential in selected catchments in East-Central Europe

Are we losing water mostly due to climate change? This study delves into that question. The main innovation of this research lies in developing a methodology that forecasts future shifts in water resources through the use of nondimensional indicators, such as Landscape Hydric Potential (LHP), caused by climate change scenarios, land use and land cover (LULC) projections, and a combination of both factors. The LHP method draws upon a range of indicators that shape the geosphere at the catchment scale, namely: hydrogeological conditions, soil conditions, climatic conditions, geomorphological conditions, and LULC. The analysis was carried out for 33 catchments located in the Upper Vistula River Basin in East-Central Europe. The study was conducted in the following stages. First, LHP values were calculated for the present conditions. Subsequently, an analysis of anticipated changes in LULC and in climate were conducted for the near and far future. Lastly, simulations were performed to project how LHP might evolve, considering potential changes in climate and LULC over time. The results have shown that under current climatic conditions, mountainous catchments are characterized by higher LHP values than catchments located in highlands or plains. Agricultural areas are projected to experience the largest changes in LULC. Climatic water balance indicate minimal changes, irrespective of time horizon. Our studies conclude that changes in predicted LULC could have a more significant impact on LHP values than the projected climate change