Manejo pós-colheita de hastes florais de gladíolos (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) Postharvest handling of floral rods (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de soluções de ácido cítrico em diferentes concentrações na manutenção da qualidade pós-colheita de gladíolos de corte mantidos sob intermitência de refrigeração e condições ambiente. As flores foram colhidas pela manhã, no ponto de colheita comercial e transportadas para laboratório de Pós-Colheita, e mantidas a 10°C durante três dias, onde em seguida foram armazenadas sob condiçôes ambientes (24 ± 2°C e 85 ± 2%UR), sob os seguintes tratamentos: água destilada (controle) e em soluçôes de 30, 60, 90 e 120 mg. L-1 de ácido cítrico, substituídas a cada três dias. A longevidade foi avaliada, mediante o grupamento da qualidade das hastes, relativo ao período de armazenamento, em escala variando de 0 a 5, tomando como referência o número de dias, a partir da colheita, onde as flores não apresentavam abscisão ou morte de pétalas e aparência geral, em escalas qualitativas, variando de 1 a 7. A utilização de soluçôes de ácido cítrico não foi efetiva na manutenção da qualidade floral de gladíolos sob intermitência de refrigeração e condiçôes ambientes ao nível de 5% de significânciaThe aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of citric acid solutions in different concentrations on maintaining postharvest quality of cut gladiolus under cold or room storage conditions. The flowers were harvested in the morning, at the point of commercial harvest and transported to a postharvest laboratory and kept at 10°C during tree days, in which they were stored under room conditions (24 ± 2°C e 85 ± 2% RH), using the following treatments: distilled water (control) and in 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg. L-1 citric acid solutions substituited every tree days. The longevity was evaluated through the grouping of stem quality on the storage periods ranging in scale from 0 to 5 taking by reference to the number of days from the harvest where the flowers no presented abscision or petals death and general appearance, in a qualitative scale, ranging from 1 to 7. The use of citric solutions was not effective in maintaining the floral quality of gladiolus under cold or room conditions at 5% significance level

INCIDÊNCIA DE FUSARIOSE E AVALIAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DE INOCULAÇÃO DE Fusarium gutiforme EM FOLHAS DE ABACAXIZEIRO

The fusariosis, caused by Fusarium gutiforme, causing losses higher than 30% on Brazilian fruits production. The present work had as objective evaluate planting integrated production commercial areas of pineapple, and study effects of inoculation methods in relation leaves base, on disease development. Evaluation disease incidence started 90 after plantation, in monthly intervals, until floral induction treatment, carried through 270 days after plantation. During period of evaluation, lower incidence than 1% during the vegetative cycle was observed. Plants that presented typical symptoms of fusariosis had been eliminated of plantation. It was used pineapple leave type D, cv. Pérola. Leaves were detached, disinfested with sodium hypochlorite at 5,0% for 10 minutes and washed with distilled water. Inoculations were done at two and five centimeters of leaf base. The method used was toothpick with fungus. Evaluations were done 15 days after inoculation, being evaluated lesions area. Higher lesions development was observed in treatment with disk of fungus colony on wound + humid cotton (leaf border). Inoculation position had not significative effects for symptoms development

TRATAMENTOS TÉRMICO E QUÍMICO EM SEMENTES DE MULUNGU E EFEITOS SOBRE A QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA E FISIOLÓGICA

Erythrina velutina Willd. is a Fabaceae, popularly known as mulungu. Of the several species spread around the world about twelve are found in Brazil. Mainly in the Brazilian northeast the bark is used due to its sudorific, sedative and topical anesthetic properties. The presence of fungi in seed germination can reduce, causing the death of seedlings or transmit diseases to adult plants. The work has as objetive to test the thermotherapy and chemical treatment in the control of fungi associated with the mulungu seeds of three districts in the state of Paraiba. The sanity was carried by "Blotter test" and physiological quality of seeds was evaluated by germination, first germination counting and drymass. The heat treatment used was hot water at 60°C for 5, 10 and 20 minutes. The chemical treatment was done with the fungicide Captan® TS. It was used by treatment 100 seeds, which were incubated forseven days, the temperature of 22 ± 2 ° C and photoperiod of 12 hours. The qualitative and quantitative evaluate of the fungi associated with seed was done with the help of stereomicroscope and expressed as a percentage. In the samples examined, it was the incidence of fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus sp., Penicillium spp., Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., Fusarium sp and Botritis sp. The results show that the heat and chemical treatments reduced significantly the germination and first count of the locations studied

Indicadores de estresse salino em abacaxizeiro cultivado na ausência e presença de fitorreguladores

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de NaCl nas fases de multiplicação e enraizamento in vitro do abacaxizeiro cultivar MD Gold. Brotos de abacaxizeiro foram inoculados em meio MS, na ausência e presença dos fitorreguladores ácido naftalenoacético (ANA) e 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) e também de diferentes concentrações de NaCl (Controle - 0; 50; 100 e 150 mM). Mensalmente, os brotos foram subcultivados e foram analisados altura média, número de folhas vivas e mortas, taxas de brotação e enraizamento. Durante a multiplicação e na ausência de ANA e BAP, o NaCl provocou significativa redução no crescimento e desenvolvimento de brotos de abacaxizeiro, expresso pela altura e pelo número de folhas, nas doses mais elevadas, contrariamente, na presença dos fitorreguladores. Durante os 60 dias iniciais, ocorreu aumento na produção de folhas. Contudo, aos 90 dias, observou-se decréscimo na média de folhas vivas nos brotos tratados com sal. O cultivo in vitro de abacaxizeiro em presença de sal é mais eficiente na presença de ANA e BAP, garantindo a manutenção do crescimento, aumentando o número de folhas, produzindo novas gemas e acelerando o processo de enraizamento

Qualidade sanitária e fisiológica de sementes de Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith submetidas à termoterapia e tratamento químico = Health and physiological quality of Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith seeds subjected to thermotherapy and chemical treatment

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da termoterapia no controle de fungos associados a sementes de cumaru (Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith) de duas localidades, após tratamento térmico e químico. A avaliação da sanidade foi realizada pelo método de incubação em papel filtro (Blotter Test) e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes pelos testes de germinação e condutividade elétrica. O tratamento térmico utilizado foi por imersão em água aquecida a 60°C por 0, 5, 10 e 20 min. e o tratamento químico foi feito com o fungicida Captan. Utilizaram-se 100 sementes por tratamento (dez sementes por placa de Petri), as quais foram incubadas, por sete dias, à temperatura de 22 ± 2ºC e fotoperíodo de 12h. A avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa (expressa em porcentagem) dos fungos associados às sementes foi realizada com auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico. Nas amostras examinadas, constatou-se apenas a incidência do fungo Aspergillus niger. Houve maior incidência de A. niger no lote da localidade Catolé do Rocha, Estado da Paraíba, sendoa incidência do fungo muito baixa na localidade Petrolina, Estado do Pernambuco. Os tratamentos que apresentaram melhor resultado foram o fungicida e a termoterapia por 20 min. <br><br>The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of thermotherapy in the control of fungi associated with seeds of cumaru (Amburana cearensis A.C. Smith) from two localities, after thermal andchemical treatment. The health assessment was conducted by the method of incubation on paper filter (Blotter Test) and physiological quality seeds was determined by germination tests and electrical conductivity. The thermal treatment was used by immersion in waterheated to 60 degrees for 5, 10 and 20 minutes. The chemical treatment was done with Captan fungicide. The study used 100 seeds per treatment (10 seeds per petri dish), which were incubated for seven days, at a temperature of 22 ± 2°C and 12-hour photoperiod. Thequalitative and quantitative assessment (expressed in percentage) of the fungi associated with the seeds was done with the help of a stereoscope. In the examined samples, only the Aspergillus niger fungus was found. There was a higher incidence of A. niger in the lot from the town of Catolé Rocha, Paraíba State, with very low incidence of the fungus in the town Petrolina, Pernambuco State. The treatments with the best results were fungicide and thermotherapy for 20 minutes