Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials: A literature review

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact are defined as oral-cavity eruptions with an identifiable etiology, and are clinically and histologically similar to oral lichen planus. Within this group are found oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials (OLLC), the most common being those related to silver amalgam. Currently, it remains difficult to diagnose these lesions due to the clinical and histopathological similarity with oral lichen planus and other oral mucosa lesions of lichenoid characteristics. In the present paper, we carry out an updated review of the tests for, and the different characteristics of OLLC, which may aid the diagnosis. For this review, we made searches in the Pubmed® and Cochrane® databases. Among the literature we found several published papers, from which we have used review papers, case papers, cohort studies, case and control studies, and a meta-analysis study. After carrying out this review, we can conclude that the diagnosis of these lesions is still difficult and controversial. However, there are different aspects in the clinical presentation, pathological study and results obtained when replacing suspect materials, which, when taken together, may be useful when establishing the final diagnosis of OLLC

¿La infraestructura vial colombiana impulsa la competitividad del país?

Durante los últimos 50 años la evolución de la infraestructura vial en Colombia, se ha dado de manera muy lenta por debajo del crecimiento que muestra el comercio internacional, los autores consultados al momento de desarrollar este ensayo dan un visión general de la inversión nacional en infraestructura vial mostrando que esta ha sido muy baja y mal enfocada ya que se ha dedicado mas al mantenimiento de la red existente y de vías alternas en lugar de invertir en ampliación de las vías primarias, en desarrollo de nuevos proyectos o en la integración de las redes fluviales, férreas y carreteables para lograr una optimización de la infraestructura existente, siendo el transporte de carga una herramienta esencial que ayude al mantenimiento de niveles óptimos de competitividad en el desarrollo de la cadena productiva, la poca y desacertada inversión en la infraestructura vial del país ha llevado a que en Colombia se presenten altos costos de transporte que afectan directamente en los precios de producción y costos de importación o exportación de las mercancíasDuring the last fifty years the Colombian highway network infrastructure has been developing very slowly, under the levels estimated by the international commerce. The authors on whom this investigation is based give a general vision of the governmental investment on the highway network infrastructure. They explained that it has been very poor because is only focused on the actual network and the alternate highways instead of being directed to the improvement and extension of the primary roads and the development of new projects such as the integration of the fluvial network and railways. These, along with the (transporte de carga) will help to achieve an optimization of the current infrastructure and to maintain optimums levels of competitiveness in the development of the national productivity. The low and unwise investment on the highway infrastructure of the country has produced high transportation costs which at the same time affect the production costs as well as the prices of imports and export

La leucoplasia oral. Su implicación como lesión precancerosa

La leucoplasia es definida actualmente en base a un concepto esencialmente clínico. En este sentido, se propone un diagnóstico provisional de leucoplasia basado en criterios clínicos y un diagnóstico definitivo para el que se requiere la eliminación de los factores etiológicos y, ante lesiones persistentes, el examen histopatológico. La consideración de la leucoplasia como lesión precancerosa proviene esencialmente de los estudios de seguimiento en los que se constata su transformación maligna. Pese a que el diagnóstico de displasia es esencialmente subjetivo y a la existencia de algún trabajo reciente que no encuentra relación entre ésta y la evolución posterior de las leucoplasias, la presencia de displasia epitelial en el examen histológico se considera actualmente como el indicador más importante de una mayor probabilidad de transformación maligna de la leucoplasia. Entre otros factores relacionados con un peor pronóstico se consideran el que se trate de una leucoplasia idiopática, las formas clínicas no homogéneas, la localización en cara ventrolateral de la lengua y suelo de boca y un tamaño mayor de 1 centímetro.The current definition of leukoplakia is based on an essentially clinical concept. Therefore, both a provisional diagnosis of leukoplakia based on clinical criteria and a definite diagnosis for which etiological factors need to be eliminated and, should there be persistent lesions, a histological examination is required, are accepted. Follow up studies in which a malignant transformation has been observed have resulted in leukoplakia being considered as a precancerous disorder. Despite the fact that the diagnosis of dysplasia is subjective and certain recent studies have not found any association between this and the development of leukoplakia, the presence of epithelial dysplasia in the histological examination is currently considered to be the most important indicator of a higher possibility of malignant transformation of the leukoplakia. Among other factors that may indicate a worse prognosis are: if the leukoplakia is idiopathic, if clinical forms are non-homogenous, if it is located on the ventrolateral side of the tongue and the floor of the mouth, and if it is over 1 cm. (0.40 inches) in size

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials : a literature review

Oral lichenoid lesions related to contact are defined as oral-cavity eruptions with an identifiable etiology, and are clinically and histologically similar to oral lichen planus. Within this group are found oral lichenoid lesions related to contact with dental materials (OLLC), the most common being those related to silver amalgam. Currently, it remains difficult to diagnose these lesions due to the clinical and histopathological similarity with oral lichen planus and other oral mucosa lesions of lichenoid characteristics. In the present paper, we carry out an updated review of the tests for, and the different characteristics of OLLC, which may aid the diagnosis. For this review, we made searches in the Pubmed® and Cochrane® databases. Among the literature we found several published papers, from which we have used review papers, case papers, cohort studies, case and control studies, and a meta-analysis study. After carrying out this review, we can conclude that the diagnosis of these lesions is still difficult and controversial. However, there are different aspects in the clinical presentation, pathological study and results obtained when replacing suspect materials, which, when taken together, may be useful when establishing the final diagnosis of OLLC

Scutoids are a geometrical solution to three-dimensional packing of epithelia

As animals develop, tissue bending contributes to shape the organs into complex three-dimensional structures. However, the architecture and packing of curved epithelia remains largely unknown. Here we show by means of mathematical modelling that cells in bent epithelia can undergo intercalations along the apico-basal axis. This phenomenon forces cells to have different neighbours in their basal and apical surfaces. As a consequence, epithelial cells adopt a novel shape that we term “scutoid”. The detailed analysis of diverse tissues confirms that generation of apico-basal intercalations between cells is a common feature during morphogenesis. Using biophysical arguments, we propose that scutoids make possible the minimization of the tissue energy and stabilize three-dimensional packing. Hence, we conclude that scutoids are one of nature's solutions to achieve epithelial bending. Our findings pave the way to understand the three-dimensional organization of epithelial organs.España Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología BFU2013-48988-C2-1-P and BFU2016-8079

The new pharmacological chaperones PBXs increase α-galactosidase a activity in Fabry disease cellular models

Fabry disease is an X-linked multisystemic disorder caused by the impairment of lysosomal α-Galactosidase A, which leads to the progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids and to defective lysosomal metabolism. Currently, Fabry disease is treated by enzyme replacement therapy or the orally administrated pharmacological chaperone Migalastat. Both therapeutic strategies present limitations, since enzyme replacement therapy has shown low half-life and bioavailability, while Migalastat is only approved for patients with specific mutations. The aim of this work was to assess the efficacy of PBX galactose analogues to stabilize α-Galactosidase A and therefore evaluate their potential use in Fabry patients with mutations that are not amenable to the treatment with Migalastat. We demonstrated that PBX compounds are safe and effective concerning stabilization of α-Galactosidase A in relevant cellular models of the disease, as assessed by enzymatic activity measurements, molecular modelling, and cell viability assays. This experimental evidence suggests that PBX compounds are promising candidates for the treatment of Fabry disease caused by mutations which affect the folding of α-Galactosidase A, even for GLA variants that are not amenable to the treatment with Migalastat.Fundación Biomédica Galicia Sur | Ref. OT-02-CNFXunta de Galicia | Ref. CN2012 / 18

Vía docente : revista de innovación y divulgación didáctica de Badajoz

Se describe eScholarium, una apuesta de la Consejería de Educación y Cultura de Extremadura. La plataforma es una herramienta que permite a los alumnos realizar su trabajo de aula en casa: ver la agenda con los eventos del aula y acceder a recursos y a libros digitales de texto y de lectura; al profesorado: visualizar libros digitales de editoriales o de elaboración propia, comunicarse con los alumnos, enviarles tareas y acceder a herramientas de apoyo didáctico; y finalmente a los padres: comunicarse con los profesores, visualizar la evolución de su hijo en los estudios y conocer su participación en las actividades del centroES

Un centro sobre ruedas

El trabajo obtuvo un premio de la Modalidad B de los Premios Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso 2014/2015Se describe el proyecto llevado a cabo en el IESO Matías Ramón Martínez (Burguillos del Cerro, Badajoz) con motivo de la celebración del día del centro. Consistió en realizar una ruta en bicicleta por los alrededores del centro en la que se efectuaron distintas actividades que tenían como objetivos adquirir buenos valores, promover hábitos saludables, impulsar la actividad física y el deporte, el uso de las tecnologías de la información, la práctica de idiomas y el respeto por el medio ambienteExtremaduraES

Proyecto San Juan

El trabajo obtuvo un Premio Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso académico 2016/2017. Modalidad BSe presenta un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Matías Ramón Martínez de Burguillos del Cerro (Badajoz) en torno a la antigua Iglesia de San Juan Bautista, que actualmente es el centro de interpretación de la Orden del Temple y que fue antigüo templo religioso de varias religiones. El proyecto pretende sensibilizar al alumnado de la importancia del patrimonio cultural y artístico, promover el conocimiento desde distintos puntos de vista de las culturas que coexistían en la Edad Media y su aportación al conocimiento actual, analizar la sociedad actual y la medieval y ver como los valores de igualdad y tolerancia han evolucionado. Finalmente se utilizaron estos conocimientos para el emprendimiento, creando una empresa de promoción turísticaExtremaduraES