Levantamento soro-epidemiológico da infecção pelo vírus da Anemia Infecciosa Eqüina, da Influenza Eqüina-2 e do Herpesvírus Eqüino-1 em rebanhos do sul do Estado do Pará, Brasil

Os vírus da anemia infecciosa eqüina (EIAV), da influenza eqüina tipo 2 (EIV-2) e o herpesvírus eqüino tipo 1 (EHV-1) são agentes causadores de enfermidades que podem causar graves prejuízos econômicos. O objetivo deste presente estudo foi estimar a freqüência de anticorpos contra o EIAV, EIV-2 e o EHV-1 em rebanhos do sul do Estado do Pará, Brasil. Os anticorpos contra EIAV, EIV-2 e EHV-1 foram detectados pelo teste de IDGA, pelo método de inibição da hemaglutinação e pela técnica de soroneutralização (TCID50 =100), respectivamente. Amostras de sangue de 672, 514 e de 506 equídeos saudáveis e sem histórico de vacinação contra nenhum dos três vírus foram testadas, respectivamente, para EIAV, EIV-2, EHV-1. A seguinte freqüência de soro reativos foi observada: 1,34% para o EIAV; 35,79% para o EIV-2; 45,45% para o EHV-1. Estes resultados indicam que estes agentes estão presentes no rebanho paraense e a adoção de medidas de manejo e profilaxia devem ser priorizadas, garantindo deste modo, a prosperidade da eqüideocultura brasileira.Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), equine influenza virus type 2 (EIV-2) and equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) are the causal agents of diseases that may bring economical losses. The aim of this present study was to estimate the frequency of antibodies against EIAV, EIV-2 and EHV-1 in herds of south Pará State, Brazil. Antibodies against EIAV, EIV-2 and EHV-1 were detected by AGID, hemagglutination inhibition method and serum neutralization technique (TCID50 =100), respectively. Blood samples of 572, 514, and 506 healthy equine unvaccinated against any of the three viruses were tested, respectively, for EIAV, EIV-2 and EHV-1. The following frequencies of serum reactors animals were observed: EIAV,1,34%; EIV-2, 35,79%; EHV-1, 45,45%. These results show that the agents are present in herds from Pará herds and the adoption of measures of management and prophylaxis should be prioritized, ensuring, thereby, the prosperity of brazilian's breeding equine

Los resultados de la ECE 2014 : explorando motivos

La mayor sorpresa en relación a los resultados de la Evaluación Censal de Estudiantes 2014 (ECE) ha sido el notable incremento, entre 2013 y 2014, del porcentaje de alumnos que lograron aprendizajes del 2° grado de primaria. Asíse aprecia que dicho porcentaje en comprensión lectora a nivel nacional pasó de 33% en 2013 a 43% en 2014; asimismo, dieciséis de las veintiséis regiones del país crecieron más de diez puntos porcentuales, destacando Piura y Puno, con 17.3 y 17.2 puntos porcentuales de diferencia, respectivamente. Respecto a matemática, el indicador nacional se movió de 17% en 2013 a 26% en 2014, además, catorce regiones tuvieron un crecimiento mayor a diez puntos porcentuales, siendo Ayacucho la que más creció, con dieciséis puntos porcentuales. El reporte busca contribuir a ello con una exploración inicial, analizando la relación causal de un conjunto de indicadores educativos sobre los resultados de la ECE. Dichos indicadores miden aspectos de la realidad educativa peruana como son el i) acceso a servicios básicos (agua potable, desagüe y electricidad) e ii) Internet, el iii) promedio de alumnos por docente, la iv) transición de educación inicial a primaria y la v) presencia de atraso escolar

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Humanisation of work

Pre-print,Overtime, some jobs become routine and less challenging, resulting in the demotivation of the job-holders. Effort should be made to make work more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks to a worker’s job. Such an act aims to spur employee self-esteem and feeling of self fulfillment, and hence long-term satisfaction and performance are upheld. This calls for the constant reviewing of seven factors of the humanization of work

The paradox of feline cCoronavirus pathogenesis: a review

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is an enveloped single-stranded RNA virus, of the family Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales. FCoV is an important pathogen of wild and domestic cats and can cause a mild or apparently symptomless enteric infection, especially in kittens. FCoV is also associated with a lethal, systemic disease known as feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Although the precise cause of FIP pathogenesis remains unclear, some hypotheses have been suggested. In this review we present results from different FCoV studies and attempt to elucidate existing theories on the pathogenesis of FCoV infection

Evolutionary analysis of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) indicates an ancient origin for its current strains and a worldwide dispersion

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is an emerging virus that was identified in the United States in 2016. Since its first identification, PCV3 has been identified in Brazil, China, United States, Poland, and Republic of Korea. In this study, we used molecular phylogenetic analysis of available sequences to address questions surrounding the emergence of PCV3 in porcine world industry. Our data indicate that PCV3 did not emerge through recombination events among currently known circoviruses and that its speciation is not a recent evolutionary event. The most common recent ancestor analysis suggests that PCV3 lineages have emerged over the past 50 years. PCV3 is not genetically closely related with other Porcine circovirus and it has been evolving undetected for some time in swine and probably in bovine population. We also found groups of genetically related isolates of PCV3 originated from different countries that may be associated with dispersal routes, suggesting that PCV3 has already been circulating in pig-producing countries for some time before its first detection

Achievement of constitutive fluorescent pLEXSY-egfp Leishmania braziliensis and its application as an alternative method for drug screening in vitro

Gene reporter-fluorescent cells have emerged as alternative method for drug screening. Achievement of constitutive expression of fluorescent protein GFP by Leishmania braziliensis as alternative method for drug screening. L. braziliensis-GFP was generated using Leishmania tarentolae pLEXSY-egfp for constitutive expression of GFP. Fluorescent cells were selected and subjected to standardisation tests of anti-promastigote and anti-intracellular amastigote assays. Our results showed that L. braziliensis-GFP method is faster and more sensitive than Allamar Blue-resazurin. Transfected parasites maintained stable fluorescence after successive in vitro passages and pLEXSY system can be used to achieve non-L. tarentolae fluorescent cells

Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the infectious bursal disease virus isolates from outbreak in layer flocks in the state of Minas Gerais

Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding VP2 protein was carried out in order to characterize the agent of two outbreaks of infectious bursal disease in layer flocks in the state of Minas Gerais in 2004. The results indicate the outbreaks could be related to the vaccinal virus