Bacterias antagonistas de Erwinia amylovora aisladas de microbiota asociada a plantas: cribado y caracterización

El control de las enfermedades bacterianas, como el fuego bacteriano de las rosáceas causado por Erwinia amylovora, requiere la búsqueda de estrategias de gestión eficaces y eco-sostenibles, como la utilización de agentes de biocontrol. En este trabajo presentamos un cribado de aislados bacterianos, recuperados de diversos nichos asociados a las plantas y orígenes geográficos, como una primera etapa de un programa de búsqueda y selección de agentes de biocontrol de E. amylovora. Se obtuvo una colección de aislados, con los que se evaluó su antagonismo in vitro frente a E. amylovora y su capacidad de reducir la incidencia y severidad del fuego bacteriano ex vivo, tanto en frutos inmaduros como en brotes, así como el retraso en la aparición de los mismos

Camel livestock in the Algerian Sahara under the context of climate change: Milk properties and livestock production practices

Camel livestock is an ancestral activity in Algeria; however, climate change has forced camel herders to modify their breeding practices to make them more sustainable. This study summarized livestock production practices, milk qualities, and the potential of camel livestock to preserve production ability under global warming. To collect data related to livestock farming practices, 10 camel herders were interviewed using a formal questionnaire. Then, 15 milk samples (9 samples of raw milk and 6 samples that had undergone heat treatment) were collected in the region of Oued Souf in southeastern Algeria to carry out the physicochemical and bacteriological analysis. From 1990 to 2021, results showed severe drought accompanied by a significant increase in the annual average maximum temperature with a temporal slope of 0.04 °C year−1 and a significant decline in annual precipitation with a temporal slope of −0.07 mm year−1. A socio-demographic survey revealed a low educational level for camel herders. They owned small herd of camels (6.84 ± 8.66 camels) in the transhumant and extensive system or > 150 heads in the nomadic and extensive system. The average daily milk production in the nomadic system was very low (<3 L/day); it was less important compared to that in the transhumant system (4–5 L/day), with an acceptable physicochemical quality but poor bacteriological quality.Given the susceptibility of the research area, we recorded that camel livestock and travel mobility were used as adaptation strategies to the effects of climate change. On the one hand, camel breed conservation programs can enhance biodiversity and a sustainable ecosystem. On the other side, a genetic improvement program that might boost productivity and profitability might be advantageous. Smallholders may benefit from this by receiving a fair and secure income and good working conditions, which could contribute significantly to social equity and local economies

Selección y caracterización de bacterias asociadas a plantas con actividad antagonista frente a Erwinia amylovora

Erwinia amylovora, agente causal del fuego bacteriano de las rosáceas, es una bacteria de fácil diseminación que coloniza especies vegetales de gran importancia económica, como manzano, peral, níspero y membrillero, y que es difícil de controlar mediante prácticas de cultivo y agroquímicas. La búsqueda de estrategias de gestión alternativas que sean eficaces y eco-sostenibles ha llevado a la utilización de microorganismos para establecer programas de control biológico