104 research outputs found

    Does courier gender matter? Exploring mode choice behaviour for E-groceries crowd-shipping in developing economies

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    This paper examines the mode choice behaviour of people who may act as occasional couriers to provide crowd-shipping (CS) deliveries. Given its recent increase in popularity, online grocery services have become the main market for crowd-shipping deliveries' provider. The study included a behavioural survey, PTV Visum simulations and discrete choice behaviour modelling based on random utility maximization theory. Mode choice behaviour was examined by considering the gender heterogeneity of the occasional couriers in a multimodal urban transport network. The behavioural dataset was collected in the city of Kharkiv, Ukraine, at the beginning of 2021. The results indicated that women were willing to provide CS service with 8% less remuneration than men. Women were also more likely to make 10% longer detours by car and metro than men, while male couriers were willing to implement 25% longer detours when travelling by bike or walking. Considering the integration of CS detours into the couriers' routine trip chains, women couriers were more likely to attach the CS trip to the work-shopping trip chain whilst men would use the home-home evening time trip chain. The estimated marginal probability effect indicated a higher detour time sensitivity with respect to expected profit and the relative detour costs of the couriers

    МодСлювання ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡ— транспортної доступності Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– транспортної систСми Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ

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    The state (regional) transport system is analyzed on the example of Ukraine. The road network of railways and highways of Ukraine is considered, which consists of more than 30 thousand arcs and knots. The models of the network studied are constructed using ArcMap geoinformation technologies. This provides a description of the network elements with geographical accuracy. One of the most problematic areas of engineering and in particular transport networks is the determination of their maximum potential performance indicators. Formalization of certain parameters determines the planning of technical indicators of flows in the network.Based on the results of the simulation of polygons of maximum passenger route transport accessibility for various modes of transport, it is determined that the characteristics of the model set of polygons are influenced by both the selected network model and the connection speed. It is proved that at the same speed of movement polygons constructed in different networks differ. This is due to the individual features of the networks,It has been established that within 1.5 hours of driving, a railway track with a speed of 68 km/h does not reach any nodes (cities) in both networks, and an automotive polygon with the same speed contains one node (city). A polygon constructed on railway networks with a ride within the limits of 1.5 to 3 hours contains one transport node, and automobile under these conditions – two. When examining a landfill that meets the transport accessibility by rail networks within the range of 5 to 8 hours, there are eleven transport nodes, and the automotive network in these conditions is thirteen. Comparing rail and road transport networks, it can be argued that the road transport network has a larger service area than the railway.The carried out researches can be used at the decision of questions of planning of time expenses and power resources in the course of transportation.ИсслСдована государствСнная (Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ) транспортная систСма Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. РассмотрСна дороТная ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Одним ΠΈΠ· самых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСст ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ, Π² частности, транспортных сСтСй являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… эксплуатационных ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Ѐормализация ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² обусловливаСт ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ тСхничСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² сСти.ДослідТСна Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° (Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°) транспортна систСма Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ. Розглянуто Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡƒ Π·Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π³ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ. ОднС Π· Π½Π°ΠΉΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ–ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΌΡ–ΡΡ†ΡŒ Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π·ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° транспортних ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆ Ρ” визначСння Ρ—Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Сксплуатаційних ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π². Ѐормалізація ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»ΡŽΡ” планування Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π² Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡ–

    Π”Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡΡˆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ зСлСная Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡŒ поставок для городских ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠ²

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    In recent years the urbanization to affect many countries of the world has made the significant changes to the material flow at all levels of the supply chain. The last mile logistics operating in the urban area has also changed notably. An increase in the volume of material flow within cities has led to a growth in the number of deliveries and the freight turnover, accordingly. The above-stated processes greatly reduce the sustainability of cities, which while keeping the urbanization trend, can lead to the serious negative results of the social and environmental nature not only for the cities, but also for the countries. One way to solve this problem is to create the green supply chains from the multi-echeloning principles. In the paper, the authors have presented a two-echelon green supply chain using the zero transport emissions within the second echelon. A multi-criteria function has been developed to assess the rational location of a transfer point in order to reduce the negative environmental impact from the transportation system. With the PTV Visum software product, a simulation has been conducted to evaluate the alternative scenarios for generating a green supply chain.ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡ‹ ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π² послСдниС Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ страны ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°, внСсли Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° всСх ΡΡˆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΈ поставки. ΠžΡΠΎΠ±Ρ‹Π΅ измСнСния ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΠ΅Π»Π° логистика послСднСй ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, которая выполняСтся нСпосрСдствСнно Π½Π° городской Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ. Π£Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ объСма ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ… Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ росту количСства поставок ΠΈ соотвСтствСнно транспортной Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π­Ρ‚ΠΈ процСссы Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ сохранСнии Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡƒΡ€Π±Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ послСдствия ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ экологичСского Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π° Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π² Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ…, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² странах. Одним ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡƒΡ‚Π΅ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ являСтся построСниС Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠ΅ΠΉ поставок Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΡΡˆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΡΡˆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ зСлСная Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡŒ поставок с использованиСм транспорта с Π½ΡƒΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ выбросом БО2Β Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эшСлона. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ функция ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ располоТСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π° для сниТСния Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ влияния Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ срСду транспортной систСмы. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π΅ PTV Visum для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сцСнариСв построСния Π·Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΠΈ поставки

    МодСлювання ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π³ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΡˆΡ€ΡƒΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡ— транспортної доступності Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– транспортної систСми Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ

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    The state (regional) transport system is analyzed on the example of Ukraine. The road network of railways and highways of Ukraine is considered, which consists of more than 30 thousand arcs and knots. The models of the network studied are constructed using ArcMap geoinformation technologies. This provides a description of the network elements with geographical accuracy. One of the most problematic areas of engineering and in particular transport networks is the determination of their maximum potential performance indicators. Formalization of certain parameters determines the planning of technical indicators of flows in the network.Based on the results of the simulation of polygons of maximum passenger route transport accessibility for various modes of transport, it is determined that the characteristics of the model set of polygons are influenced by both the selected network model and the connection speed. It is proved that at the same speed of movement polygons constructed in different networks differ. This is due to the individual features of the networks,It has been established that within 1.5 hours of driving, a railway track with a speed of 68 km/h does not reach any nodes (cities) in both networks, and an automotive polygon with the same speed contains one node (city). A polygon constructed on railway networks with a ride within the limits of 1.5 to 3 hours contains one transport node, and automobile under these conditions – two. When examining a landfill that meets the transport accessibility by rail networks within the range of 5 to 8 hours, there are eleven transport nodes, and the automotive network in these conditions is thirteen. Comparing rail and road transport networks, it can be argued that the road transport network has a larger service area than the railway.The carried out researches can be used at the decision of questions of planning of time expenses and power resources in the course of transportation.ИсслСдована государствСнная (Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ) транспортная систСма Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. РассмотрСна дороТная ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. Одним ΠΈΠ· самых ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСст ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ, Π² частности, транспортных сСтСй являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… эксплуатационных ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Ѐормализация ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² обусловливаСт ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ тСхничСских ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² сСти.ДослідТСна Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½Π° (Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°) транспортна систСма Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ. Розглянуто Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡƒ Π·Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π³ Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ. ОднС Π· Π½Π°ΠΉΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ–ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΌΡ–ΡΡ†ΡŒ Ρ–Π½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– Π·ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° транспортних ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆ Ρ” визначСння Ρ—Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Сксплуатаційних ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π². Ѐормалізація ΠΏΠ΅Π²Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»ΡŽΡ” планування Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π² Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΡ–

    Experience in Using E-Learning Tools in Inclusive Educational Space of Higher School

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    Π’ статті Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ питання, ΠΏΠΎΠ²'язані Π· Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΌ навчанням Π² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ… Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΠΎΡ— освіти. Π’ сучасних ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Ρ–Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½Ρ– Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— істотно Π·ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ IT-Ρ„Π°Ρ…Ρ–Π²Ρ†Ρ–Π², Π½Π°Π΄Ρ–Π»ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈ учасників Ρ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡƒ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ інструмСнтами Ρ– ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Ρ–Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ масової Π°ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ— Ρƒ сфСрі освітніх послуг. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π· Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΊ Ρƒ Π³Π°Π»ΡƒΠ·Ρ– Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ навчання, який Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ стійкі Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— СфСктивності впровадТСння Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ навчання протягом Тиття, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π³Π°Ρ” систСмної трансформації ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ– ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… основ навчання. Π—ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° прСдставлСно Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ дослідТСння ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΠ·Ρ–Ρ— Π² Π²ΠΈΡ‰Ρ–ΠΉ освіті Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ– навчання студСнтів Π· Π²Π°Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ Π‘Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΡΠ½ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ унівСрситСту засобами Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ навчання. Описано ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΊ (освітнє Π†Π½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-сСрСдовищС для людСй Π· Π²Π°Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·ΠΎΡ€Ρƒ, Ρ– для людСй, які зовсім Π²Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Ρ–Ρ€ Ρ–Π· профСсійного навчання ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏβ€™ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΌ тСхнологіям, Π΄Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΡƒΠ΄Ρ–ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Π²Ρ–Π΄Π΅ΠΎ супровід, Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ”Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π», який частково Π½Π°Π΄Π°Ρ” DAISY-Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚). Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠ²Ρ– напрямки Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ навчання Π² сфСрі освіти, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π² сукупності ΡΠ»ΡƒΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡŽ Ρ–Π»ΡŽΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ трансформації навчання, Π· ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡƒ, Ρ– доступності Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ–Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉ як основи Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ–Π½ΡˆΠΈΠΉ. НавСдСно основні Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΏΡ–ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ впровадТСння e-освіти Π² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Ρ… Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΠΎΡ— освіти, Π·ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ° Π² ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΠ·Ρ–Ρ—. ВиявлСно, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π·Π° останні Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏβ€™ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ Π²ΠΈΡˆΡ–Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡˆΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½ΡˆΡ– ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ навчання, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ студСнтів Π² ΠΎΡΠ²Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΡŒΠΎΠΌΡƒ процСсі. Π’ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π² області Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ навчання Π² ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΠ·Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π° підкрСслСна Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…Ρ–Π΄Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ розкриття досвіду Π²ΠΈΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Ρ‡Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ–Π² Ρ‰ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ упровадТСння ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏβ€™ΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–ΠΉ Ρ‚Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ Ρƒ процСс навчання студСнтів Ρ–Π· особливими ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±Π°ΠΌΠΈ.Issues that are considered in the article are related with e-learning in higher education establishments. In the current context informative-communication technologies changed the market competition of IT-specialists substantially, providing participants of the market with absolutely new instruments and channels of influence on consciousness of mass audience in the region of educational services. The analysis of theoretical research and program developments in industry of e- learning are provided, it is proved that there are strong tendencies of efficiency of introduction of e-learning during life which requires system transformation of organizational and pedagogical bases of learning. Results of research of inclusive problem in higher education by the example of weak-eyed students of Berdyansk State Pedagogical University by means of e-learning are provided. The examples of developments are described (an educational cyberspace for weak-eyed people, and for blind people in professional studies of computer technologies, where themes have audio and video accompaniment, DAISY-format gives partially methodical material). The key trends of e-learning in the region of education are selected, that in total serves as the striking example of transformation of learning from one hand, and availability of technological innovations as basis of experimental researches on the other hand. The basic factors of successful introduction of e-education are given in higher education establishments, in particular in the conditions of inclusion. It is discovered that in the last few years computerization of universities considerably influenced on speed, availability and other indexes of learning, and also on the personal interest of students in educational process. Tendencies of researches are defined in the region of e-learning in the conditions of inclusion and underline necessity of opening of experience of higher educational establishments in relation to introduction of computer technologies and special didactics methods in the process of learning of students with the special needs

    Malignant hyperthermia

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    Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle that presents as a hypermetabolic response to potent volatile anesthetic gases such as halothane, sevoflurane, desflurane and the depolarizing muscle relaxant succinylcholine, and rarely, in humans, to stresses such as vigorous exercise and heat. The incidence of MH reactions ranges from 1:5,000 to 1:50,000–100,000 anesthesias. However, the prevalence of the genetic abnormalities may be as great as one in 3,000 individuals. MH affects humans, certain pig breeds, dogs, horses, and probably other animals. The classic signs of MH include hyperthermia to marked degree, tachycardia, tachypnea, increased carbon dioxide production, increased oxygen consumption, acidosis, muscle rigidity, and rhabdomyolysis, all related to a hypermetabolic response. The syndrome is likely to be fatal if untreated. Early recognition of the signs of MH, specifically elevation of end-expired carbon dioxide, provides the clinical diagnostic clues. In humans the syndrome is inherited in autosomal dominant pattern, while in pigs in autosomal recessive. The pathophysiologic changes of MH are due to uncontrolled rise of myoplasmic calcium, which activates biochemical processes related to muscle activation. Due to ATP depletion, the muscle membrane integrity is compromised leading to hyperkalemia and rhabdomyolysis. In most cases, the syndrome is caused by a defect in the ryanodine receptor. Over 90 mutations have been identified in the RYR-1 gene located on chromosome 19q13.1, and at least 25 are causal for MH. Diagnostic testing relies on assessing the in vitro contracture response of biopsied muscle to halothane, caffeine, and other drugs. Elucidation of the genetic changes has led to the introduction, on a limited basis so far, of genetic testing for susceptibility to MH. As the sensitivity of genetic testing increases, molecular genetics will be used for identifying those at risk with greater frequency. Dantrolene sodium is a specific antagonist of the pathophysiologic changes of MH and should be available wherever general anesthesia is administered. Thanks to the dramatic progress in understanding the clinical manifestation and pathophysiology of the syndrome, the mortality from MH has dropped from over 80% thirty years ago to less than 5%

    L-Type Ca2+ Channel Function Is Linked to Dystrophin Expression in Mammalian Muscle

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    BACKGROUND: In dystrophic mdx skeletal muscle, aberrant Ca2+ homeostasis and fibre degeneration are found. The absence of dystrophin in models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has been connected to altered ion channel properties e.g. impaired L-type Ca2+ currents. In regenerating mdx muscle, 'revertant' fibres restore dystrophin expression. Their functionality involving DHPR-Ca2+-channels is elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed a novel 'in-situ' confocal immuno-fluorescence and imaging technique that allows, for the first time, quantitative subcellular dystrophin-DHPR colocalization in individual, non-fixed, muscle fibres. Tubular DHPR signals alternated with second harmonic generation signals originating from myosin. Dystrophin-DHPR colocalization was substantial in wt fibres, but diminished in most mdx fibres. Mini-dystrophin (MinD) expressing fibres successfully restored colocalization. Interestingly, in some aged mdx fibres, colocalization was similar to wt fibres. Most mdx fibres showed very weak membrane dystrophin staining and were classified 'mdx-like'. Some mdx fibres, however, had strong 'wt-like' dystrophin signals and were identified as 'revertants'. Split mdx fibres were mostly 'mdx-like' and are not generally 'revertants'. Correlations between membrane dystrophin and DHPR colocalization suggest a restored putative link in 'revertants'. Using the two-micro-electrode-voltage clamp technique, Ca2+-current amplitudes (i(max)) showed very similar behaviours: reduced amplitudes in most aged mdx fibres (as seen exclusively in young mdx mice) and a few mdx fibres, most likely 'revertants', with amplitudes similar to wt or MinD fibres. Ca2+ current activation curves were similar in 'wt-like' and 'mdx-like' aged mdx fibres and are not the cause for the differences in current amplitudes. i(max) amplitudes were fully restored in MinD fibres. CONCLUSIONS: We present evidence for a direct/indirect DHPR-dystrophin interaction present in wt, MinD and 'revertant' mdx fibres but absent in remaining mdx fibres. Our imaging technique reliably detects single isolated 'revertant' fibres that could be used for subsequent physiological experiments to study mechanisms and therapy concepts in DMD

    The role of vanilloid receptor (VR1) in cellular mechanisms of nociception.

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    Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi

    Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ використання інтрогрСсивних Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ створСнні Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π² стійкості Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ— роси, Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π² Ρ–Ρ€ΠΆΡ– Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½ΡˆΠΈΡ… ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊ Ρƒ ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ– м’якої

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    The article presents data on the phenotypic diversity of new introgressive lines – derivatives of complex interspecies hybrids and their backcrosses in terms of resistance to common diseases, performance and other breeding traits. This is necessary to create highly productive donors of resistance and increase the efficiency of using the studied material in wheat breeding. Involvement of the selected donor lines in crossing as starting material can give a possibility not only to more successfully solve the problem of increasing the resistance of varieties to diseases, but also expand and improve their genetic basis in relation to other economically valuable traits.Purpose and objectives. Comparison of breeding assessment of the new introgressive lines with the best check varieties the zone. Evaluation of resistance to common diseases and correlations between resistance and some agronomic and economically valuable traits. Selection of highly productive donor lines combining group resistance to diseases with adaptability to growing conditions.Material and methods. The bread wheat lines of various generations, degrees of saturation and origin, which were introgressive by morphological and basic biological characteristics, were studied. Basically, they were obtained by distant hybridization of several winter bread wheat varieties of the steppe ecotype characterized by different alien traits and properties (Odesskaya 267, Albatros, Nikoniya, Selianka, Kuialnik, Panna, Hurt) with one collection and two original introgressive accessions, as well as with six amphiploids derived from Ae. tauschii. The field experiments were carried out according to the conventional breeding design for self-pollinating crops. The material was phytopathologically assessed for the damage intensity using a 9-point integrated unified scale developed from the modified Saari andPrescott’s scale. Grain quality was monitored by the SDS30’K sedimentation index, which was determined by the method developed in the Department of Genetic Basics of Breeding of the PBGI-NCSCI; the protein content - by the Kjeldahl digestion; the 1000-grain weight – by the conventional method. The data were statistically processed by generally accepted methods.Results and discussion. The field experiments allowed us to identify several lines (NIL2, E218/09, E2608/14, E2793/14, AIL1073/16, AIL1074/16 and others) that are resistant to powdery mildew and to 1 or 3 rust pathogens among introgressive genotypes obtained from different crossings. They can be recommended for breeding as genetic donors of resistance to fungal diseases. In addition, lines Er. 2740/17 (E2785/14), Er. 2742/17 (E2791/14) and Er. 2743/17 (E2792/14-2) having no traits of wild species are practically valuable for breeding, as they are resistant to diseases, and their performance is higher than that of the best check varieties.Conclusions. Trials of the collection and new introgressive lines of bread wheat showed that by massively conducted additional crossings, selections and assessments it is possible to create genetic donors of resistance to powdery mildew, three rust pathogens and of high performance as well as genetically stable lines without traits of wild species with performance exceeding that of the best check varieties. Such lines are promising for direct use in practical breedingΠ’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ фСнотипичСском Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… интрогрСссивных Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… слоТных ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π³ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… бСккроссов ΠΏΠΎ устойчивости ΠΊ распространСнным болСзням, продуктивности ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠΌ сСлСкционным ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ для создания высокопродуктивных Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² устойчивости ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ эффСктивности использования исслСдуСмого ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Π² сСлСкции ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹. Π’ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² скрСщивания Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ-Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² качСствС исходного ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ устойчивости сортов ΠΊ заболСваниям, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΈ ΡƒΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡ… Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ основу Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… хозяйствСнно Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ².ЦСль ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ исслСдования. ЦСлью исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ высокопродуктивных Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ-Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ болСзням с Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΊ условиям выращивания, ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ сСлСкционная ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° новосозданных интрогрСссивных Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π² сравнСнии с Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΠΌΠΈ сортами-стандартами Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹. Для этого цСлСсообразным являСтся ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ устойчивости ΠΊ распространСнным заболСваниям, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ коррСляции ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ показатСлями устойчивости ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ агрономичСским ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ хозяйствСнными ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ интрогрСссивныС ΠΏΠΎ морфологичСским ΠΈ основным биологичСским ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ мягкой Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ, стСпСнСй насыщСния ΠΈ происхоТдСния. Π’ основном это ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ±Ρ€ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ с Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‡ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ свойствами ΠΎΡ‚ скрСщивания Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… сортов ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ мягкой ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ стСпного экотипа (ОдСська 267, ΠΠ»ΡŒΠ±Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ, Ніконія, БСлянка, ΠšΡƒΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΊ, Панна, Π“ΡƒΡ€Ρ‚) с ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ двумя ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ интрогрСссивными ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡˆΠ΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π°ΠΌΡ„ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ с участиСм Ae. tauschii. ΠŸΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ общСпринятой схСмС сСлСкционного процСсса ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΎΠΏΡ‹Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€, Ρ„ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΡƒ – ΠΏΠΎ интСнсивности пораТСния ΠΏΠΎ 9-балльной ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ шкалС, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡˆΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π‘Π°Π°Ρ€Π΅ ΠΈ ΠŸΡ€Π΅cΠΊΠΎΡ‚Ρ‚Π°. ΠšΠ°Ρ‡Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŽ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ SDS30’K, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ опрСдСляли ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ гСнСтичСских основ сСлСкции Π‘Π“Π˜β€“ΠΠ¦Π‘Π‘, содСрТаниС Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° – ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ КъСльдаля, массу тысячи Π·Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ ΠΈ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… – согласно общСпринятым ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ.ΠžΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². По Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² срСди интрогрСссивных Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² скрСщивания, Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ нСсколько Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ (NIL2, E218/09, Π•2608/14, Π•2793/14, AIL1073/16, AIL1074/16 ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€.) устойчивых ΠΊ мучнистой росС, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ гСнСтичСскиС Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ устойчивости ΠΊ Π³Ρ€ΠΈΠ±Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ болСзням ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ сСлСкции. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ практичСски Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для сСлСкции Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π•Ρ€.2740/17 (Π•2785/14), Π•Ρ€.2742/17 (E2791/14), Π•Ρ€.2743/17 (E2792/14-2), Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², устойчивыС ΠΊ болСзням ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ продуктивности прСвосходящиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ… сортов стандартов.Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ испытания ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… интрогрСссивных Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ мягкой ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… скрСщиваниях, ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΡ‘ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для сСлСкции гСнСтичСскиС Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ устойчивости ΠΊ мучнистой росС, Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‘ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ ΠΈ высокой продуктивности, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ гСнСтичСски ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², с ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠΈΡ… сортов-стандартов. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ пСрспСктивными для использования нСпосрСдствСнно Π² практичСской сСлСкции.Π£ 2016/17–2018/19 Π²Π΅Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π΅ випробування удосконалСних інтрогрСсивних Π»Ρ–Π½Ρ–ΠΉ, створСних ΡˆΠ»ΡΡ…ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ схрСщування Π°ΠΌΡ„Ρ–ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ—Π΄Ρ–Π², ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΡ–Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² Π· сучасними сортами ΠΏΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ†Ρ– ΠΌ'якої ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡ— Π·Π° ΡΡ‚Ρ–ΠΉΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ± Ρ‚Π° Π°Π³Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Ρ– Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. УстановлСно ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»ΡΡ†Ρ–ΡŽ стійкості Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ— роси Ρ– стСблової Ρ–Ρ€ΠΆΡ– Π· ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠ°ΠΉΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π² Ρ€Ρ–ΠΊ Π· Π΅ΠΏΡ–Ρ„Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΈ. Π’Ρ–Π΄ΡΡƒΡ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— корСляції Π² Ρ–Π½ΡˆΠΈΡ… Π²Π°Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ… досліду, ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, пов’язана Π· слабким ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ дослідТСних Π·Π°Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½ΡŒ. Π’ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»ΡΡ†Ρ–ΡŽ стійкості Π΄ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚ΠΎΡ— роси Π· ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ, ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ стійкості Π»Ρ–Π½Ρ–ΠΉ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ± Ρ‚Π° Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ зв’язку стійкості Π· вмістом Π±Ρ–Π»ΠΊΠ°. Π’ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ сСлСкційні Π»Ρ–Π½Ρ–Ρ— Π· високою Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡŽ ΡΡ‚Ρ–ΠΉΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΡ… Ρ…Π²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ±, Ρƒ яких відсутні Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ– ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ дикорослих Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π² Ρ– які Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ високою ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ, ΠΌΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ–ΠΉΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ, Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΡŒΠΊΠΈΡ… Π°Π³Ρ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π², високою ΡΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Π·Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°. Π›Ρ–Π½Ρ–Ρ— ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π±ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ– Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡŒΡˆΠΎΡ— сСлСкційної Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠŸΡ–Π²Π΄Π½Ρ– Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΠΈ, Π·Π° ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ збСрСТСння Π·Ρ–Π±Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… Π³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… комплСксів
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