26 research outputs found
Does erectile dysfunction predict cardiovascular risk? A cross-sectional study of clinical characteristics in patients with erectile dysfunction combined with coronary heart disease
BackgroundErectile Dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual dysfunction in men who are unable to consistently obtain and maintain sufficient penile erection to accomplish a satisfactory sexual life. ED is currently considered to be a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but few studies have observed the association between ED and clinical features of coronary heart disease (CHD). An investigation of the association between ED and clinical characteristics of CHD was carried out using a cross-sectional study design.MethodsThis cross-sectional single-center study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology and included 248 patients. Associations between patients' general information, underlying disease information, coronary heart disease information, and ED severity were statistically and analytically analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software. Patients with comparable clinical characteristics were grouped together using K-means clustering. Finally, ordered logistic regression analysis was performed for general and underlying disease information.ResultsIn the comparison of general data, age, education, and weekly exercise were associated with the distribution of ED severity. In the comparison of underlying disease information, the number of underlying diseases, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, anxiety state, and depressive state were associated with the distribution of ED severity. In the comparison of CHD information, the degree of ED severity was associated with CHD subtypes, lesion sites, number of stenoses, degree of stenosis, and interventional interventions. The time from ED to CHD onset was associated with the subtypes of CHD and the number of stenoses. We clustered the main characteristics of low-risk and high-risk patients and ordered logistic regression analysis found that BMI, smoking, alcoholism, number of underlying diseases, diabetes, anxiety state, and depression state were all risk factors for CHD severity (P < 0.05); the higher the value of the above factors, the more severe the degree of CHD. Age was a protective factor for CHD severity; the younger the patient, the lower the likelihood of myocardial infarction.ConclusionED severity and the time from ED to CHD onset may be predictive of coronary heart disease severity. Reducing smoking and alcohol consumption, maintaining a healthy body weight, and regular physical activity are important in preventing CVD in ED patients
Light-Reinforced Key Intermediate for Anticoking To Boost Highly Durable Methane Dry Reforming over Single Atom Ni Active Sites on CeO<sub>2</sub>.
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) has been investigated for more than a century; the paramount stumbling block in its industrial application is the inevitable sintering of catalysts and excessive carbon emissions at high temperatures. However, the low-temperature DRM process still suffered from poor reactivity and severe catalyst deactivation from coking. Herein, we proposed a concept that highly durable DRM could be achieved at low temperatures via fabricating the active site integration with light irradiation. The active sites with Ni-O coordination (NiSA/CeO2) and Ni-Ni coordination (NiNP/CeO2) on CeO2, respectively, were successfully constructed to obtain two targeted reaction paths that produced the key intermediate (CH3O*) for anticoking during DRM. In particular, the operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy coupling with steady-state isotopic transient kinetic analysis (operando DRIFTS-SSITKA) was utilized and successfully tracked the anticoking paths during the DRM process. It was found that the path from CH3* to CH3O* over NiSA/CeO2 was the key path for anticoking. Furthermore, the targeted reaction path from CH3* to CH3O* was reinforced by light irradiation during the DRM process. Hence, the NiSA/CeO2 catalyst exhibits excellent stability with negligible carbon deposition for 230 h under thermo-photo catalytic DRM at a low temperature of 472 °C, while NiNP/CeO2 shows apparent coke deposition behavior after 0.5 h in solely thermal-driven DRM. The findings are vital as they provide critical insights into the simultaneous achievement of low-temperature and anticoking DRM process through distinguishing and directionally regulating the key intermediate species
Air quality services on climate time-scales for decision making: An empirical study of China
The provision of climate services for assessing and governing environmental problems such as poor air quality requires interactions between scientists and decision-makers. Air quality information services in China mainly focus on the coming days to weeks. However, users may benefit from air quality information on climate time-scales—from months to decades; hereafter air quality climate services. We focused on key decision-makers and stakeholders that are users of air quality climate services and conducted five workshops with these identified users to ascertain their priorities for air quality climate services, and the reasoning behind these priorities. We also conducted a choice-based conjoint experiment via an online survey distributed amongst regional and local Climate Centres and Environmental Monitoring Centres to assess quantitatively the decision-makers’ needs. The results from the workshops and the survey showed that the needs for air quality climate services by users in China mainly relate to seasonal forecasting of winter haze events (PM2.5 levels and/or the meteorological conditions conducive to the dispersion of the air pollution); there is also some interest in long-term projections of haze under climate change and a growing interest in ozone pollution in summer. Spatial relevance is perceived to be important to regional and city-level stakeholders who prefer information on the city-level, whilst national-wide information is important for national government agencies. A high level of reliability of forecasts was needed for uptake. The findings on the needs for air quality climate services by potential users can support researchers and policy-makers in developing the scientific capacity and providing tailored and effective air quality climate services in China
Clubiona fanjingshan Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS 2018, sp. nov.
Clubiona fanjingshan Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 4A–B, 5A–C) Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Guizhou, Fanjing Mountain Reserve, between Jinding and Huixiangping, 1.VIII.2001, J.X. Zhang & Z.S. Zhang leg. Paratype. 1♂, Mianxuling 27°54.54′N, 108°39.83′E; elev. 1974 m), 13.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg. Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality (Mt. Fanjing is read as Fanjingshan in Chinese); noun. Diagnosis. Male of the new species is similar to that of C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 14A– B, 15A, C–D), but can be distinguished by the wider than long RTA, the absence of VTA, the wide and arc-shaped conductor, and the slightly curved embolus (Figs 4A–B, 5B–C) (as long as wide RTA, narrow apex of conductor and strongly curved embolus in C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov.). Description. Male (Fig. 5A). Holotype total length 6.13. Carapace 2.67 long, 1.93 wide; abdomen 3.45 long, 1.68 wide. Carapace yellowish brown. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13; AME–AME 0.12, AME–ALE 0.05, PME–PME 0.24, PME–PLE 0.16, ALE–PLE 0.08. MOA 0.38 long, front width 0.35, back width 0.49. Clypeus height 0.09. Chelicerae yellow brown, with 4 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Pairs of ventral spines: Tibia I 3; Metatarsus I 1; Tibia II 3; Metatarsus II 1. Leg measurements: I 7.43 (2.13, 2.90, 1.50, 0.90); II 7.86 (2.20, 3.03, 1.77, 0.86); III 6.71 (1.93, 2.20, 1.73, 0.85); IV 8.99 (2.50, 3.01, 2.63, 0.85). Leg formula 4213. Abdomen yellowish brown. Male pedipalp (Figs 4A–B, 5B–C). Femur without apophysis. Tibia with 2 apophyses, RTA wide and short, LTA small, close to the base of tibia, proximad. Conductor wide, transversal, arc or band-shaped, prolaterad, tip distad. Embolus located distally, with sharply pointed, ventrad tip. Sperm duct long, forming a circular loop in proximal half, gradually tapering toward the base of embolus. Female. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Guizhou, China. Comment. The new species belongs to the C. corticalis -group.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on pages 320-322, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Clubiona pterogona Yang, Song & Zhu 2003
Clubiona pterogona Yang, Song & Zhu, 2003 (Figs 13A–C) Clubiona pterogona Yang et al., 2003: 8, figs 3A–C (♀). Material examined. 1♀, Mianxuling (27°54.626′N, 108°40.288′E; elev. 1997m), 25.VII.2013, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu & X.K. Jiang leg. Description. See Yang et al. (2003). Female habitus as shown in Fig. 13A. Epigyne as in Figs 13B–C. Male unknown. Distribution. Known only from Mt. Fanjing, Guizhou, China. Comments. Judging from the shape of epigyne this species may belong to the C. marmorata- group as defined by Mikhailov (1995). Three species described here on the basis of males belong to the C. corticalis -group and therefore cannot be conspecific with this species.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on page 327, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Clubiona huiming Wang, Zhang F & Zhang ZS 2018, sp. nov.
Clubiona huiming Wang, Zhang & Zhang, sp. nov. (Figs 8A–B, 9A–C) Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Guizhou, Fanjing Mountain Reserve, Mianxuling (27°54.54′N, 108°39.83′E; elev. 1974 m), 30.IX.2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang & X.K. Jiang leg. Paratype. 1♂, between Jinding and Jiandaoxia, 13.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg. Etymology. The specific name honours Dr. Huiming Chen, a researcher on biospeleology and local animal resource of Guizhou, China; noun. Diagnosis. Males of the new species are similar to C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 14A–B, 15A, C–F), but differs from the latter by the VTA as long as wide, the long and slender embolus and the tapering and coiled conductor (Figs 8A–B, 9B–C) (VTA wider than long, embolus short and conductor reduced in C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov.). Description. Male (Fig. 9A). Holotype total length 4.16. Carapace 2.10 long, 1.58 wide; abdomen 2.07 long, 1.27 wide. Carapace yellowish brown. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.17, PME–PLE 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.05. MOA 0.31 long, front width 0.25, back width 0.40. Clypeus height 0.07. Chelicerae yellow brown, with 5 promarginal and 5 retromarginal teeth. Pairs of ventral spines: Tibia I 3; Metatarsus I 1; Tibia II 3; Metatarsus II 1. Leg measurements: I 4.92 (1.42, 1.98, 0.96, 0.56); II 5.35 (1.61, 2.13, 1.01, 0.60); III 4.57 (1.34, 1.62, 1.11, 0.50); IV 6.58 (1.96, 2.09, 1.94, 0.59). Leg formula 4213. Abdomen yellowish brown. Male pedipalp (Figs 8A–B, 9B–C). Femur without apophysis. Patella longer than wide. Tibia shorter than patella, with 3 apophyses. RTA almost conical, located distally. VTA almost as long as wide. LTA wide and short, located proximally. Embolus long and coiled, arising distally from tegulum. Conductor wide in mid-part and tapering toward its apex. Sperm duct U-shaped. Female. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Guizhou, China. Comment. The new species belongs to the C. corticalis -group.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on pages 324-325, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Clubiona globosa Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS 2018, sp. nov.
Clubiona globosa Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 6A–E, 7A–I) Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Guizhou, Fanjing Mountain Reserve, Macaohe (27°53.86′N, 108°44.51′E; elev. 694 m), 2.X.2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang & X.K. Jiang leg. Paratypes. 1♂, Yamugou (27°47.353′N, 108°43.765′E; elev. 547 m), 1.X.2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang & X.K. Jiang leg.; 4♀, Heiwanhe (27°50.800′N, 108°46.294′E; elev. 588 m), 20– 21.VII.2014, Z.S. Zhang & L.Y. Wang leg.; 1♀, Heiwanhe, 11.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg.; 2♂ 1♀, Heiwanhe, 14.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg.; 1♀, Heiwanhe, 20.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg. Etymology. The specific name comes from the Latin word “ globosus ”, referring to the shape of the male pedipalpal bulb; adjective Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. qiyunensis Xu, Yang & Song, 2003 (Wu & Zhang, 2014: 211, figs 13–23). Males differ from the latter by the strong femoral apophysis, longer than femoral width, and the tiny embolus (Figs 6A–C, 7C–E) (femoral apophysis shorter than femoral width, spine-like embolus of C. qiyunensis). Females differ by the oval copulatory opening (roundish in C. qiyunensis) (Figs 6D, 7F, 7H). Males of this new species are also similar to that of C. pollicaris Wu, Zheng & Zhang, 2015 (Wu, Zheng & Zhang, 2015: 20, figs 15–16, 19, 25–27), but differ from the latter by the femoral apophysis shorter than two times of femoral width (longer than two times of femoral width in C. pollicaris). Description. Male (Fig. 7A). Total length 4.02–5.14. Holotype total length 5.14. Carapace 2.17 long, 1.63 wide; abdomen 2.87 long, 1.48 wide. Carapace yellow brown. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13; AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.25, PME–PLE 0.15, ALE–PLE 0.07. MOA 0.32 long, front width 0.30, back width 0.50. Clypeus height 0.05. Chelicerae yellow brown, with 6 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Gnathocoxae yellow brown, longer than wide. Labium yellow brown, longer than wide. Sternum yellowish brown, heartshaped, with sparse brown hairs. Pairs of ventral spines: Tibia I 2; Metatarsus I 1; Tibia II 2; Metatarsus II 1. Leg measurements: I 4.38 (1.28, 1.72, 0.86, 0.52); II 4.97 (1.48, 2.01, 0.93, 0.55); III 4.12 (1.19, 1.43, 1.03, 0.47); IV 5.92 (1.69, 2.03, 1.56, 0.64). Leg formula 4213. Abdomen oval. Both dorsum and venter yellow brown. Male pedipalp (Figs 6A–C, 7C–E). Femoral apophysis strong, 5 times longer than basal width. Patella with blunt and wide prolateral apophysis, its width about 1/2 of patellar diameter. RTA small and blunt, located distally. Bulb nearly spherical, widest proximally. Embolus arising from tegulum distally, very small. Sperm duct narrow. Female paratypes total length 5.23–7.09. One of them (Fig. 7B) total length 6.71. Carapace 2.38 long, 1.84 wide; abdomen 4.21 long, 2.42 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PME 0.11, PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.28, PME–PLE 0.15, ALE–PLE 0.09. MOA 0.38 long, front width 0.30, back width 0.52. Clypeus height 0.07. Chelicerae with 4 promarginal and 6 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 5.11 (1.46, 2.04, 1.00, 0.61); II 5.86 (1.75, 2.33, 1.15, 0.63); III 4.93 (1.46, 1.69, 1.24, 0.54); IV 7.18 (2.02, 2.49, 2.00, 0.67). Leg formula 4213. Other characters as in male. Epigyne (Figs 6D–E, 7F–I). Copulatory opening small, located centrally. Copulatory ducts strongly twisted, connected with a pair of large, transparent, oval bursae and tube-like spermathecae. Fertilization ducts small. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Guizhou, China. Comment. The new species belongs to the C. corticalis- group.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on pages 322-324, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Pristidia ramosa Yu, Sun & Zhang 2012
Pristidia ramosa Yu, Sun & Zhang, 2012 (Figs 19A–C) Pristidia ramosa Yu et al., 2012: 45, figs 1–16 (♂ ♀). Material examined. 1♀, Heiwanhe (27°50.80′N, 108°46.29′E; elev. 588 m), 18.VII.2013, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu & X.K. Jiang leg.; 1♀, Heiwanhe, 24.VII.2013, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu & X.K. Jiang leg.; 1♀, Zhiwuyuan (27°50′2.42″N, 108°45′30.08″E; elev. 532 m), 26.VII.2013, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu & X.K. Jiang leg. Description. See Yu et al. (2012). Habitus as shown in Fig. 19A, epigyne as in Figs 19B–C. Distribution. China (Fujiang, Guizhou, Guangxi, Jiangxi). Funding This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471974, 31672278) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (XDJK 2017B003) to Zhisheng Zhang, and the Foundation of Biologic Resource and Environment Big Data ([2015] 4013) to Huiming Chen. Acknowledgements Thanks are greatly given to the editor and two anonymous reviewers. Early version of this manuscript benefited from the comments of Yuri Marusik (Institute for Biological Problems of the North, Magadan, Russia), Kiril Mikhailov (Moscow Lomonosov State University, Russia) and Charles Haddad (University of the Free State, South Africa) for their helpful suggestions. We thank Dong Wang, Xuankong Jiang, Tian Lu (SWUC) and Junxia Zhang, Chi Jin, Zhizhong Gao (MHBU) for their assistance during the field work.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on page 332, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Clubiona subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS 2018, sp. nov.
Clubiona subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 14A–D, 15A–F) Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Guizhou, Fanjing Mountain Reserve, Jinding (27°54.49′N, 108°41.86′E; elev. 2214 m), 29.IX.2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang & X.K. Jiang leg. Paratypes. 1♀, same data as holotype; 5♀, Jinding (27°54.54′N, 108°41.88′E; elev. 2289m), 23.VII.2013, L.Y. Wang, T. Lu & X.K. Jiang leg.; 2♂ 2♀, Mianxuling (27°54.54′N, 108°39.83′E; elev. 1974 m), 13.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg. Etymology. The specific name refers to its similarity of C. applanata Liu, Yan, Griswold & Ubick, 2007; adjective. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. applanata Liu, Yan, Griswold & Ubick, 2007 (Liu et al., 2007: 64, figs 1– 5), but differs from the latter by the blunt RTA, the wider than long VTA, the presence of LTA and the wider conductor (in ventral view) (Figs 14A–B, 15C–D) (RTA relatively peaked, VTA as long as wide, LTA absent and conductor narrow in C. applanata) and a tiny copulatory opening of epigyne (14C–D, 15E–F) (copulatory opening small in C. applanata). Description. Male (Fig. 15A). Holotype total length 5.15. Carapace 2.42 long, 1.75 wide; abdomen 2.79 long, 1.37 wide. Carapace yellowish brown. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.15, PME 0.13, PLE 0.15; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.21, PME–PLE 0.11, ALE–PLE 0.07. MOA 0.36 long, front width 0.28, back width 0.45. Clypeus height 0.07. Chelicerae yellow brown, with 4 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Pairs of ventral spines: Tibia I 3; Metatarsus I 1; Tibia II 3; Metatarsus II 1. Leg measurements: I 5.31 (1.50, 2.23, 1.00, 0.58); II 5.80 (1.84, 2.33, 1.06, 0.57); III 5.22 (1.55, 1.83, 1.26, 0.58); IV 7.38 (2.13, 2.54, 2.04, 0.67). Leg formula 4213. Abdomen yellowish brown. Male pedipalp (Figs 14A–B, 15C–D) without femoral and patellar apophysis. Tibia with 3 apophyses: RTA blunt, as long as wide, VTA wider than long and LTA short, much wider than long. Embolus located anteriorly, anterior part curved ventrally. Conductor relatively long, wide medially and thin anteriorly. Sperm duct distinct, U-shaped in ventral view. Female paratypes total length 5.06–6.17. One paratype (Fig. 15B) total length 5.60. Carapace 2.61 long, 1.81 wide; abdomen 3.07 long, 1.73 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.16, PME 0.13, PLE 0.15; AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.25, PME–PLE 0.14, ALE–PLE 0.08. MOA 0.39 long, front width 0.31, back width 0.50. Clypeus height 0.07. Leg measurements: I 5.01 (1.55, 2.05, 0.88, 0.53); II 5.34 (1.60, 2.23, 0.93, 0.58); III 4.74 (1.45, 1.54, 1.20, 0.55); IV 6.89 (1.98, 2.31, 1.88, 0.72). Leg formula 4213. Other characters as for male. Epigyne (Figs 14C–D, 15E–F) with a small copulatory opening anteriorly. Copulatory ducts short and curved, with a pair of large, transparent bursae posteriorly. Spermathecae spherical, meso-laterally located and separated from each other by at least two times of their diameter. Fertilization ducts short. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Guizhou, China. Comment. The new species belongs to the C. corticalis- group.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on pages 327-328, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646
Clubiona dichotoma Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS 2018, sp. nov.
Clubiona dichotoma Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 2A–D, 3A–G) Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Guizhou, Fanjing Mountain Reserve, Maxi’ao (28°01.16′N, 108°45.41′E; elev. 1239 m), 11.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg. Paratypes. 3♀, same data as holotype; 1♂, Mianxuling (27°54.54′N, 108°39.83′E; elev. 1974 m), 13.X.2014, C. Jin & Z.Z. Gao leg.; 1♀, between Jinding and Huixiangping, 1.VIII.2001, J.X. Zhang & Z.S. Zhang leg.; 1♀, Maxi’ao (28°01.16′N, 108°45.41′E; elev. 1239 m), 5.X.2013, L.Y. Wang, D. Wang & X.K. Jiang leg. Etymology. The specific name comes from the Greek word “ dichotomus ” and refers to its bifid embolus; adjective. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov. (Figs 14A–D, 15A–F), but differs by the bifid embolus, the stronger conductor and the presence of a finger-like apophysis on male pedipalpal femur (Figs 2A–B, 3C–E) (thinner and not bifid embolus, thinner conductor and absent femoral apophysis in C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov.), and the slit-like copulatory opening of epigyne (Figs 2C–D, 3F–G) (hole-like copulatory opening in C. subapplanata Wang, Chen & Zhang ZS, sp. nov.). Description. Male total length 4.96–5.06. Holotype (Fig. 3A) total length 5.06. Carapace 2.07 long, 1.50 wide; abdomen 2.83 long, 1.33 wide. Carapace yellowish brown. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PME 0.13, PLE 0.13; AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.07, ALE–PLE 0.06. MOA 0.33 long, front width 0.22, back width 0.38. Clypeus height 0.06. Chelicerae yellow brown, with 5 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Pairs of ventral spines: Tibia I 3; Metatarsus I 1; Tibia II 3; Metatarsus II 1. Leg measurements: I 4.69 (1.33, 1.91, 0.90, 0.55); II 4.99 (1.43, 2.05, 0.97, 0.54); III 4.26 (1.26, 1.47, 1.03, 0.50); IV 6.07 (1.71, 2.04, 1.73, 0.59). Leg formula 4213. Abdomen yellowish brown. Male pedipalp (Figs 2A–B, 3C–E). Femur retrolaterally with a slanting finger-like apophysis bearing a spine, apophysis as long as wide, half-length of femur diameter. Tibia with 3 apophyses: retrolateral apophysis short, almost triangular; ventral apophysis short and blunt; lateral apophysis small, slightly peaked. Conductor strong, arising from the tegulum mesoretrolaterally and extending disto-prolaterally, widest in the mid part. Embolus bifurcated, arising from distal tegulum, tip ventrad. Sperm duct obvious, curved like a fishhook in ventral view. Female paratypes total length 4.40–5.73. One of them (between Jinding and Huixiangping, Fig. 3B) total length 5.73. Carapace 2.48 long, 1.73 wide; abdomen 3.46 long, 1.74 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.12, PME 0.11, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.06, PME–PME 0.28, PME–PLE 0.15, ALE–PLE 0.10. MOA 0.33 long, front width 0.27, back width 0.49. Clypeus height 0.06. Chelicerae with 6 promarginal and 4 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 4.85 (1.45, 1.95, 0.95, 0.50); II 5.22 (1.56, 2.13, 0.99, 0.54); III 4.70 (1.35, 1.69, 1.15, 0.51); IV 6.86 (1.95, 2.42, 1.87, 0.62). Leg formula 4213. Other characters as for male. Epigyne (Figs 2C–D, 3F–G). Copulatory openings small, located anteriorly. Copulatory ducts short and curved, connecting with a pair of large, transparent bursae posteriorly. Spermathecae small, spherical, about half of the diameter of bursae, located meso-laterally, separated by more than one of their own diameter. Fertilization ducts thin and short. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, Mt. Fanjing, Guizhou, China. Comment. The species belongs to the C. corticalis -group.Published as part of Wang, Luyu, Chen, Huiming, Wu, Panlong, Zhang, Feng & Zhang, Zhisheng, 2018, Spider diversity in Fanjing Mountain Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, II: Clubionidae (Araneae), pp. 317-333 in Zoological Systematics 43 (3) on pages 319-320, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201827, http://zenodo.org/record/536646