Gambling with virtue: The moral ramifications of female gaming in the early novels of Frances Burney

Gambling has always been an influential factor in literature; the importance of gaming to social entertainment in the eighteenth-century is inextricable from both historical and literary studies of the period. In the novel, gaming functions as a tangible social vice; the financial perils and moral recriminations suffered by literary characters is an essential part of their personal development; Frances Burney uses gaming as a fundamental element in her early novels; the trials her heroines experience during their forays into society all include the presence of gaming in some form. The proximity of gaming, as well as the social and moral implications of indulging in such behavior, negatively influence each of Burney\u27s heroines in some way. The women must learn to navigate through society\u27s intricacies while protecting their moral characters, ultimately securing the esteem and affection of their respective love interests

Architecture and nostalgia in the British modern novel

This dissertation focuses on Modern British literary culture and the construction of literary sites of nostalgia through architecture and landscape. The project considers examples from D.H. Lawrence, Virginia Woolf, Ford Madox Ford, and Evelyn Waugh, and examines how these authors employ presentations of architecture in their narratives to portray the irrevocably altered landscape of modernity. The introduction presents the notion of national consciousness and literature, moving from Lukacs\u27 conception of the historical novel to Victorian art critics John Ruskin and Walter Pater and their writings on national identity and architecture. Twentieth-century European culture responded to the trauma of the Great War with an outpouring of artistic production examining the transformations of the modern era. The importance of commemoration and the preservation of cultural images influence the creation of culturally nostalgic spaces within the novel. Beginning with John Ruskin\u27s architectural theory in The Stones of Venice and The Seven Lamps of Architecture and Walter Pater\u27s aesthetic interiors in Imaginary Portraits , I highlight ideas of architectural topography embodying national identity. I trace this theory through the modern novel and responses to the Great War and cultural nostalgia. Chapter One The Domestic Ravages of War: D.H. Lawrence and the Home Front, examines the way in which the industrial post-war era intersects with architecture and social space in the work of D.H. Lawrence. Ruskin\u27s influence pervades Lawrence\u27s work, particularly in descriptions of the domestic postwar landscape. I consider portrayals of homes and landscapes of rural England in The Rainbow, Women in Love, Lady Chatterley is Lover, The Virgin and the Gypsy as well as Lawrence\u27s early short stories. Chapter Two, Woolf and the Familial Structure of Mourning, focuses on how the Victorian conception of nostalgia is transformed in post-WWI novels of Virginia Woolf. Pater\u27s interiors and aesthetic responses influence Woolf\u27s portrayals of family homes and mourning. Using Jacob\u27s Room, Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, The Waves , and Carlyle\u27s House and Other Sketches , I highlight Woolf\u27s use of familial sites to express emptiness, displacement, and pain reflective of a fragmented post-war culture. Chapter Three, Ford Madox Ford\u27s and the Dismantling of England, explores Ford\u27s tetralogy Parade\u27s End as a chronicle of the demise of English heritage through the physical destruction of its homes and gardens. Chapter Four, The English Country House and Evelyn Waugh: Mourning Modernity, explores Waugh\u27s use of domestic architecture in both the early novels, including Decline and Fall, Vile Bodies , and A Handful of Dust as well as the later nostalgic works, Put Out More Flags and Brideshead Revisited . His novels blend the Ruskinian notion of architecture as national identity and Paterian attention to nostalgia and interiors; they use architecture to both mourn the onslaught of modernity and foreshadow the decline of English culture. My conclusion highlights the ways in which these modernist writers craft a collective nostalgia within their texts based on architectural referents. It also points to the legacy of architecture and memory in post-modern writers like Kazuo Ishiguro and Penelope Lively, who continue to develop the signifiers provided by cultural landscape and architecture to explore history, memory, and nostalgia in a century of violence. Finally, I draw a link the communicative properties of the legacy of English literary interiors in post-colonial fiction. Tayeb Salih\u27s Season of Migration to the North is an example of contemporary writers addressing their colonial relationship and identity with England through the use of interior spaces and architectural topography

Punishment First: A Study of Juvenile Pretrial Detention

How society and the legal system should respond to youth crime is a volatile issue. Much research exists on this topic broadly. A largely overlooked subset exists regarding the rights of juveniles in the United States who face pretrial confinement, specifically how juveniles accused of delinquency are treated by the courts. Delinquency or a delinquent act, in the context of this study, is “an act that would be considered a crime if committed by an adult.”7. Adults and children are processed by the courts differently, each with their own rights and court mandated procedures to follow. This report analyzes juvenile detention with specific focus on the U.S. Supreme Court case Schall v. Martin (783) and how this case affects juveniles in the court system today.4

Male-Female Wage-Gap: A Comparison of Different Employment Classes

This study is being conducted and presented in two parts. The first part, this report, is a statistical examination of the male-female wage gap. By evaluating the average (mean) differences between men and women within the workplace, pay differential trends can be ascertained and examined to support the need for additional study. The second stage, to be conducted Fall 2014 at the University of Las Vegas, Nevada, will use regression analysis to differentiate between explained and unexplained portions of said pay-gap to better understand how the remaining gap is related to discrimination. The data analyzed will establish baselines for both real and nominal wages, then examine classes of worker, e.g., governmental, private for-profit companies, or private non-profit companies, and finally, look at the effect of union coverage of the gender pay-gap