To the determination of non-washable speed in the channels bed consisting of disconnected soils

This article analyzes the factors that influence the deformation process in the channel. When assessing the deformation process in channels consisting of disconnected soils, the method for determining nonwashable speed was analyzed, taking into account the trapezoidal shape of the channel, and, based on laboratory studies, a dependence was proposed for determining the non-washable speed. The values of the proposed dependencies are compared with the calculated values of the formulas of I.I. Levi, C.E. Mirtskhulava, V.A. Velikanova, B.I. Studenichnikov and A.M. Latyshenkov and obtained positive results. The proposed dependencies for the determination of non-washable speed are improved, taking into account turbulence and the laws of velocity distribution over the stream's depth. In the experimental researches, were used sand particles with different diameters d ≤ 0.315mm; 0.315mm < d ≤ 0.63mm; 0.63mm < d ≤1.25mm 1.25mm < d ≤ 2.5mm 2.5mm < d ≤ 5.0mm. Based on the analysis of the experimental data, the coefficients are as follows: η1 = 1.41 for the bottom of the channel and η2 = 1.52 for side slopes. The reliability of the results is justified by comparing the proposed calculation method with a study of other authors. Based on the research, constructed a plot of the velocity distribution and the depth of the stream. In these diagrams, preservation of the change in velocity along the depth of the flow was observed under various modes of motion. In all experiments, a process was observed-the smallest value of the flow velocity at the bottom and the highest at a depth of (0.8–0.9) h from the water level

Irrigation network extraction in arid regions with using worldview-2 satellite data

After the 2000s, the launch of very high-resolution satellites provided great water and irrigation network management personnel opportunities. Now, the water management staff have the opportunity to study and monitor water supply systems and exploitation conditions of irrigation systems remotely via satellite imagery. By using those satellite images, specialists can search for water bodies, detect defected place of irrigation systems, and monitor their technical condition. Another advantage of satellite imagery is that they capture large areas of the Earth, keeping water systems under control in large areas. Therefore, the use of very high-resolution images has greatly developed in the water branch since the 2000s. The creation of different water extraction methods, models, indexes, and using different layers in the analysis for different regions using different satellites with very high resolution is developed. These indexes and layers are so numerous that they are now over 100. The user has difficulty getting any of them in the analyzes. Therefore, in this article, we have studied more than 50 water extraction methods, which gave positive and accurate results in an arid region. From those 50 methods, separated 10 the most effective methods and tested with WorldView-2 image analysis in the arid region and the water-rich region of Syrdarya region. According to the results of the analysis recommend the highest accuracy method for arid areas. Results show that water extraction using NIR2 layer of the WorldView-2 satellite images is the most accurate method than other methods. The accuracy of the results was 94 %. The analysis found the irrigation systems filled with sand and vegetation

Calculation of filtration process in channels

This article provides an analysis and recommendations of the factors that lead to the loss of water as a result of filtration in uncoated canals, rising groundwater levels, deterioration of land reclamation, reduction of canal efficiency coefficient. According to the project data, the part of the Greater Fergana canal from PK-930 to PK-1500 + 10 was built in the type of semi-excavated and natural canal. From PK-930 to PK-1040, the ground level is almost equal to the bottom water level, and the volume of soil discharged in this part of the canal is greater than in other parts. The canal is in the form of a trapezoid and has now changed its shape slightly as a result of a small amount of sedimentation and erosion. In uncoated canals and irrigation systems, there are a number of connections to perform the basic filtration calculation. These bonds are obtained according to Darcy’s law, filtration for homogeneous and isotropic soils. Using the available data, it is possible to determine the depression curve in canals and irrigation systems for all cases, the points that form its curvature, and the filtration rate that occurs in it. It consists of determining the filtration rate (q) of the system at a length of 1 pogm and the filtration coefficient (k) of the soil

Groundwater Level Analyse In Urgench City With Using Modflow Modeling And Forecasting System

The study was conducted as part of a project to develop an automation system for monitoring groundwater in the city of Urgench. The possibilities of modeling and forecasting modeling MODFLOW in groundwater were studied. According to the results, regularities of the level and behavior of groundwater in the city of Urgench were revealed. According to the survey, the direction of movement of groundwater in the city of Urgench shifts in a northwesterly direction to a slope of 0.0008. According to the geophilized model, its high-traffic zone is located at a depth of 10-15 m, from 4-5 m per second

Dynamics of sediment formation in natural lakes and reservoirs

The rate of deposition of sediments in the water flow has a great influence on the flow carrying capacity, service life and coefficient of useful work of natural channels. In addition, precipitation and land use change lead to the acceleration of the erosion process and directly affects the rate of sedimentation of the umbilical cord. In this literature, attention was paid to studies analyzing the factors influencing the volume of water storage in reservoirs and natural lakes. 14 studies found an increase in the rate of sediment deposition and 13 found a decrease. 83.3% of the articles studied studied natural lakes and found a recent increase in sedimentation, including 54.5% of the articles on impoundment reservoirs reported a recent increase in sedimentation. determined to decrease. Land use change has been cited as the main cause of the increase in sediments, and climate change has also had a significant impact. In 44% of the reviewed articles, it was found that reservoirs and canals are losing their water intake capacity as a result of the increase in sediments, resulting in siltation. In the following studies, it was found that as a result of increased sedimentation, the process of silting in canals and water storage structures increases significantly and they lose their capacity to carry water

Hydraulic calculation of horizontal open drainages

In article analysed the factors influencing the hydraulic processes which arise in the open horizontal drainage systems. Open drainages plays important role in order to improve the ameliorative condition of the agricultural area, salt washing on the soil. It is emphasized that the deep drainage in our region has a good effect on the soil condition and salt removing. At present, efforts are being made to improve the productivity of the collectors to clean and built. As example the collector drainage systems in Syrdarya region are listed. It is observed that the motion mode of open drainage flows is physically identical. Due to the complexity of equations in the unstable motion mode, the drainage water flow scheme in the collectors reflects the hydraulic calculation of the movement. Researches were provided in open agricultural drainage system of Syrdarya region and analysis have been done in natural field conditions. It has been noted when slope of the drainage bed is equal to i<0,0005 intensity of deformation were very high, when slope was between 0,0005<i<0,0011 intensity of deformation of collector bed was equal to the minimum level. In this article provided hydraulic calculation for Syrdarya region drainage system for choosing dynamical stable shape of bed. Those hydraulic calculations and projections ensure collectors with long time period of exploitation condition. Calculation and analyses were done with taking account trapezoidal capacity of the stream in drainage system, and the results of studies on increasing the flow efficiency are reflected. Analysed that when slope will increase until 20% discharge capacity will increase because of high average flow velocity increased by 7-8 times and discussed difference of them. As a result of the hydraulic calculation, the slope of the drainage increased from i-0,00048 to i-0,0006, the fact that the flow capacity increased by 25% due to the increase because of flow velocity

To the determination of non-washable speed in the channels bed consisting of disconnected soils

This article analyzes the factors that influence the deformation process in the channel. When assessing the deformation process in channels consisting of disconnected soils, the method for determining nonwashable speed was analyzed, taking into account the trapezoidal shape of the channel, and, based on laboratory studies, a dependence was proposed for determining the non-washable speed. The values of the proposed dependencies are compared with the calculated values of the formulas of I.I. Levi, C.E. Mirtskhulava, V.A. Velikanova, B.I. Studenichnikov and A.M. Latyshenkov and obtained positive results. The proposed dependencies for the determination of non-washable speed are improved, taking into account turbulence and the laws of velocity distribution over the stream's depth. In the experimental researches, were used sand particles with different diameters d ≤ 0.315mm; 0.315mm < d ≤ 0.63mm; 0.63mm < d ≤1.25mm 1.25mm < d ≤ 2.5mm 2.5mm < d ≤ 5.0mm. Based on the analysis of the experimental data, the coefficients are as follows: η1 = 1.41 for the bottom of the channel and η2 = 1.52 for side slopes. The reliability of the results is justified by comparing the proposed calculation method with a study of other authors. Based on the research, constructed a plot of the velocity distribution and the depth of the stream. In these diagrams, preservation of the change in velocity along the depth of the flow was observed under various modes of motion. In all experiments, a process was observed-the smallest value of the flow velocity at the bottom and the highest at a depth of (0.8–0.9) h from the water level

Importance of river sediments in soil fertility

Article deals with a fractional and chemical composition of sediments from the sediment reservoir in Ilyash village, Ferghana region, Uzbekistan (Syr Darya river basin) and analyses their feasibility. As a key factor in the study of this process was considered the fractional and agrochemical composition of sediments moving with water in the sediment reservoir, and the change of their share in the water along the length of the reservoir. The main composition of the sediments in reservoir consists of fractions >0.25 and 0.25–0.01 mm, with the average fraction of 69% in the inlet and 60% in the outlet. The river sediments are rich in minerals important for the irrigated cropland. Based on the results we conclude that it is possible to regulate the number of chemical compounds in the water by controlling the exploitation regime of reservoir and the sedimentation process in it

Extraction of urban construction development with using Landsat satellite images and geoinformation systems

In recent times there have been many changes on Earth, which have appeared after anthropogenic impact. Finding solutions to problems in the environment requires studying the problems quickly, make proper conclusions and creating safe and useful measures. Humanity has always had an effect on the environment. There can be many changes on the Earth because of direct and indirect effects of humans on nature. Determining these changes at the right time and organizing meas-urements of them requires the creation of quick analysing methods. This development has improved specialists’ interest for remote sensing (RS) imagery. Moreover, in accordance with analysis of literature sources, agriculture, irrigation and ecology have the most demand for RS imagery. This article is about using geographic information system (GIS) and RS technologies in cadastre and urban construction branches. This article covers a newly created automated method for the calculation of artificial surface area based on satellite images. Accuracy of the analysis is verified according to the field experiments. Accuracy of analysis is 95%. According to the analysis from 1972 to 2019 artificial area enlargement is 13.44%. This method is very simple and easy to use. Using this data, the analysis method can decrease economical costs for field measures. Using this method and these tools in branches also allows for greater efficiency in time and resources

Draft sprinkler irrigation system design development

This article shows the analysis of the parameters of a sprinkler irrigation system following different natural conditions (climate, soil, and hydrogeological) and their analysis in the implementation of the hydraulic calculation and design. According to the majority of literature, several calculations are made for the pressure and discharge during sprinkler irrigation. In the system under analysis, calculations are made on the irrigation processes of pipes and their outflow. It uses Google Earth and AutoCAD. In the hydraulic calculation of the system parameters, it was determined that the area's natural conditions are important and that changes and additions should be made to the calculations