One-step synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloid (-)-huperzine W via Suzuki-Miyaura coupling

The first total synthesis of (−)-huperzine W (1) has been achieved. Key element of the synthesis is a highly convergent assemblage for the two rings system of target molecule utilizing an efficient Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction between chiral iodide 2 and 2-allylpyrrolidinone 4. Evaluation of the AchE inhibition of synthetic huperzine W was also carried out. [Image: see text] ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659-012-0084-2 and is accessible for authorized users

Clinical efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveAlcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver damage disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Currently, there is no targeted pharmaceutical intervention available for the treatment of this disease. To address this, this paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of probiotic preparation in treating ALD through conducting a meta-analysis, and provides a valuable insight for clinical decision-making.MethodsA systematic search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM from the inception dates to October 15, 2023, to identify clinical randomized controlled trials on probiotic preparations in the treatment of ALD. After the literature underwent screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.2 were employed for data analysis and processing.ResultsA total of 9 randomized controlled trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that probiotic preparation could significantly improve the liver function of patients with alcoholic liver disease compared with the control group. Probiotic intervention led to a significant reduction in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (MD=-13.36,95%CI:-15.80,-10.91;P<0.00001),aspartate aminotransferase (MD=-16.99,95%CI:-20.38,-13.59;P<0.00001),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (MD=-18.79,95% CI:-28.23,-9.34; P<0.0001). Concurrently, the level of serum albumin (MD=0.19,95% CI:0.02,0.36;P=0.03) was increased. Furthermore, probiotic intervention could also modulate the composition of intestinal flora in patients with alcoholic liver disease, leading to an augmentation in Bifidobacteria and a reduction in Escherichia coli. However, in patients with alcoholic liver disease, probiotic intervention showed no significant effects on total bilirubin (MD=-0.01,95% CI:-0.17,0.15;P=0.91), tumor necrosis factor-α (MD=0.03,95% CI:-0.86,0.92;P=0.94) and interleukin-6 (MD=-5.3,95% CI:-16.04,5.45;P=0.33).ConclusionThe meta-analysis indicates that probiotics can improve liver function in alcoholic liver disease, reduce inflammatory responses, regulate intestinal flora, which have potential value in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023472527

Analytic study of superradiant stability of Kerr-Newman black holes under charged massive scalar perturbation

The superradiant stability of a Kerr-Newman black hole and charged massive scalar perturbation is investigated. We treat the black hole as a background geometry and study the equation of motion of the scalar perturbation. From the radial equation of motion, we derive the effective potential experienced by the scalar perturbation. By a careful analysis of this effective potential, it is found that when the inner and outer horizons of Kerr-Newman black hole satisfy $\frac{r_-}{r_+}\leqslant\frac{1}{3}$ and the charge-to-mass ratios of scalar perturbation and black hole satisfy $\frac{q}{\mu }\frac{Q}{ M}>1$, the Kerr-Newman black hole and scalar perturbation system is superradiantly stable.Comment: 7 pages, references adde

Poly[[diaqua­bis­(μ3-isonicotinato-κ3 N:O:O′)bis­(μ2-isonicotinato-κ2 N:O)gadolinium(III)disiliver(I)] nitrate monohydrate]

In the title compound, {[Ag2Gd(C6H4NO2)4(H2O)2]NO3·H2O}n, the GdIII ion is coordinated by eight O atoms from six isonicotinate ligands and two water mol­ecules in a distorted square anti­prismatic geometry. Two AgI ions are each bonded to two N atoms from two isonicotinate ligands in a linear or bow-like fashion [N—Ag—N angles = 178.6 (2) and 147.1 (2)°]. These metal ions are connected by the isonicotin­ate ligands into a layer parallel to (010). O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds donated by the coordinated and uncoordinated water mol­ecules and intra­layer π–π stacking inter­actions between the pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.551 (4) and 3.555 (4) Å] are observed. The layers inter­act with each other by inter­layer Ag⋯O(aqua) contacts [2.731 (4) Å] and π–π stacking inter­actions between the pyridine rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.466 (3) and 3.516 (3) Å], resulting in the formation of a three-dimensional supra­molecular structure

Pacing stress echocardiography: an alternative to pharmacologic stress testing

AbstractOBJECTIVESWe sought to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and feasibility of bedside pacing stress echocardiography (PASE) as a potential substitute for pharmacologic stress echocardiography in patients admitted to the hospital with new-onset chest pain or worsening angina pectoris.BACKGROUNDAccurate and rapid noninvasive identification and evaluation of the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) is essential for optimal management of these patients.METHODSBedside transthoracic stress echocardiography was performed in 54 consecutive patients admitted to a community hospital with new-onset chest pain, after acute myocardial infarction had been excluded. We used 10F transesophageal pacing catheters and a rapid and modified pacing protocol. The PASE results were validated in all patients by coronary angiography performed within 24 h of the test. Significant CAD was defined as ≥75% stenosis in at least one major epicardial coronary artery.RESULTSThe sensitivity of PASE for identifying patients with significant CAD was 95%, specificity was 87% and accuracy was 92%. The extent of significant CAD (single- or multivessel disease) was highly concordant with coronary angiography (kappa = 0.73, p < 0.001). Pacing stress echocardiography was well tolerated, and only 4% of the patients had minor adverse events. The mean rate–pressure product at peak pacing was 22,313 ± 5,357 beats/min per mm Hg, and heart rate >85% of the age-predicted target was achieved in 94% of patients. The average duration of the bedside PASE test, including image interpretation, was 38 ± 6 min.CONCLUSIONSBedside PASE is rapid, tolerable and accurate for identification of significant CAD in patients admitted to the hospital with new-onset chest pain or worsening angina pectoris