Economic policy and transmigration in mesoamerican plan

La crisis mundial ha originado nuevos escenarios y cambios sociales en el contexto del Plan Mesoamericano (PM), agudizando los problemas por los que atraviesa la región. La experiencia del TLCAN de México, ampliada a los países centroamericanos con el Tratado de Libre Comercio Estados Unidos- Centroamérica (CAFTA) promueve la construcción de fronteras económicas sin la regulación del mercado laboral de América del Norte, utilizando la mano de obra mexicana y centroamericana como ventaja comparativa, a cambio establece controles para regular el mercado laboral centroamericano, que a su vez genera descontentos sociales. Este artículo pretende una interpretación de los nuevos procesos y escenarios económico-sociales en la búsqueda de alternativas para la región.81-100The economic and financial crisis of the neoliberal economic policies has led to new scenarios and social changes in the context of Mesoamerican Plan (PM), exacerbating the serious economic and social problems being experienced by the region. The experience of NAFTA in Mexico, now extended to Central American countries with FTA US-Central America (CAFTA), through an asymmetrical relationship, has resulted in increased poverty (marginal and extreme) and migration forced (where the southeast and is an integral part of Central America in terms of massive displacement of transmigrants). One of the processes that are created with the PM, is the construction of economic borders without regulation of labor markets in North America, using cheap labor in Mexico and Central America as a comparative advantage via the development of maquiladoras and manufacturing industries in exchange for establishing controls on the southern border to regulate the American labor market and social discontent. In this context, there is a decline in its labor and human rights, increased unemployment, greater number of maquiladoras (highly clean) and over-exploitation of female labor force and child labor, environmental destruction, increased levels of poverty and destitution, human trafficking and migration, compared to the increased presence and profits of transnational corporations. With this analysis, we intend to interpret the new processes and socioeconomic scenarios in the search for alternatives for the region