Peculiarities of the course of dental caries in pregnant women of different age

Clinical course of dental caries during pregnancy has some peculiarities. However, significant differences in indicators to characterize oral hygiene and teeth soft plaque cariogenicity between the studied groups have not been revealed. In analyzing the prevalence of caries resistance levels allocation among pregnant women aged up to 30 years the representatives of high, average, and low resistance levels have been noticed. In the group of pregnant women aged above 30 years the patients with average, low, and very low levels of caries resistance have been presented. During the observation period, some caries resistance worsening has been determined in both age groups. Herein there was changing the average level into the low one, as well as the low level into the very low one at the age group above 30 years. In the age group up to 30 years the transition of the high level caries resistance to the average one, but the average level into the low level has been occurred. In this connection, there is the assumption that tissue resistance of teeth enamels likely to be primarily determined by its physicochemical parameters caused by genetics. The role of oral fluid as the medium surrounding teeth is likely to have importance. Advanced studying the oral cavity organs and tissues state in pregnant women allowed to implement a strategy of individualized approach to the early dental caries diagnostics in such category of patients, and to determine their stomatological curing peculiarities

The current approaches to initial caries prophylaxis in pregnant women

The article deals the specificities of the kallikrein-4 (KLK-4) gene genotypes distribution into the allelic polymorphisms at the mutant points: G2664153A and G2142A in pregnant women of less 30 and more 30 years old age groups have been found out. The results of the investigation allow us to affirm that by revealing KLK-4 gene polymorphisms A/A and G/A in pregnant women in spite of applying the ternary calcium-phosphate-fluoride-containing gel for teeth the rate of tooth decay growth increases, and parameters of oral fluid deposition alter.В статье рассмотрены особенности распределения генотипов гена калликреина-4(KLK-4) по аллельным полиморфизмам в мутантных точках: G2664153A и G2142A у беременных женщин. Результаты исследования позволяют утверждать, что при выявлении полиморфизмов А/Аи G/A генаKLK4 у беременных, несмотря на аппликации на зубы трёхкомпонентного кальцийфосфат-фтор-содержащего геля, увеличивается темп прироста кариеса, а также изменяются ряд параметров ротовой жидкости

On a q-difference Painlev\'e III equation: II. Rational solutions

Rational solutions for a $q$-difference analogue of the Painlev\'e III equation are considered. A Determinant formula of Jacobi-Trudi type for the solutions is constructed.Comment: Archive version is already official. Published by JNMP at http://www.sm.luth.se/math/JNMP

The necessary reasonableness of the differentiated approach in administrating some caries prophylaxis remedies for pregnant women

The effectiveness of caries prophylaxis medications and methods for pregnant women often proves to be insufficient, it should be emphasized the difficulty of predicting the course of tooth decay during pregnancy, and detecting both susceptibility and resistance of dental enamel to be influenced by the cariogenic factors in the oral cavity. Due to it the results of clinical findings to be characteristic of the teeth hard tissues condition in pregnant women must be interpreted in the molecular genetic terms exactly. Such approach makes it possible to develop a whole range of some effective, particularly individualized, preventive measures among pregnant women, and therefore to have the significant impact on antenatal prognosing such disorder.Эффективность предлагаемых на сегодняшний день средств и методов профилактики кариеса у беременных зачастую оказывается недостаточной. Особо следует подчеркнуть трудность прогнозирования течения кариеса во время беременности, выявления предрасположенности или устойчивости зубной эмали к действию кариесогенных факторов полости рта. В связи с этим, именно с молекулярно-генетических позиций должны быть интерпретированы результаты клинических показателей, характеризующих состояние твёрдых тканей зубов беременных. Такой подход позволит разработать комплекс эффективных, сугубо индивидуализированных, профилактических мероприятий среди беременных, а, следовательно, оказывать существенное влияние на антенатальный прогноз этого заболевания

A Universal Retinal Image Template for Automated Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) frequently appears in diabetic patients. It is initially asymptomatic, but can progress to blindness. Screening studies for its diagnosis are performed in many countries by means of photographing the eye retina with special fundus-cameras. These studies are aimed at revealing the presence of microaneurysms (MAs) on the retina, which are the primary signs of DR. The wide variety of cameras, peculiarities of retina illumination, FOV angles, and sizes of digital images has complicated the development of a reliable and universal approach to analyzing retina images by machine-learning methods. In this paper, we consider the problem of choosing the size and shape of a unified template for representing the data of an arbitrary retinal image for subsequent automated DR screening. It is experimentally proved that it is possible to extract a square inscribed in the FOV region from each retinal image and compress it to the size of 512 × 512 pixels. This is the minimum allowable size of the template. It preserves the required number of MAs for DR screening by machine-learning methods

Adsorption and two-body recombination of atomic hydrogen on 3^3He-4^4He mixture films

We present the first systematic measurement of the binding energy $E_a$ of hydrogen atoms to the surface of saturated $^3$He-$^4$He mixture films. $E_a$ is found to decrease almost linearly from 1.14(1) K down to 0.39(1) K, when the population of the ground surface state of $^3$He grows from zero to $6\times10^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$, yielding the value $1.2(1)\times 10^{-15}$ K cm$^2$ for the mean-field parameter of H-$^3$He interaction in 2D. The experiments were carried out with overall $^3$He concentrations ranging from 0.1 ppm to 5 % as well as with commercial and isotopically purified $^4$He at temperatures 70...400 mK. Measuring by ESR the rate constants $K_{aa}$ and $K_{ab}$ for second-order recombination of hydrogen atoms in hyperfine states $a$ and $b$ we find the ratio $K_{ab}/K_{aa}$ to be independent of the $^3$He content and to grow with temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, all zipped in a sigle file. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Determinant Structure of the Rational Solutions for the Painlev\'e IV Equation

Rational solutions for the Painlev\'e IV equation are investigated by Hirota bilinear formalism. It is shown that the solutions in one hierarchy are expressed by 3-reduced Schur functions, and those in another two hierarchies by Casorati determinant of the Hermite polynomials, or by special case of the Schur polynomials.Comment: 19 pages, Latex, using theorem.st

Классификация стадий диабетической ретинопатии на основе нейронных сетей

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main side effects of diabetes, which causes severe effects, including blindness. The main challenge is the early diagnosis of this disease for timely and effective treatment. Diabetic retinopathy can be detected much faster and more accurately by using machine learning methods for image analyzing of the human retina. The development of methods and algorithms for the detection and classification of this disease, the automation of this process are the actual and costeffective goals.The article focuses on the classification of the stages of diabetic retinopathy using neural networks based on human retinal images. Classification problem of diabetic retinopathy stages is described.The architecture of deep neural networks based on VGG16 and VGG19 with the addition of custom layers is proposed. Recommendations for the selection of the size of the initial retinal images and the preprocessing stage (cropping) are given As a result of the performed experimental research. Analysis of the dataset was performed. Neural network models were trained and results were evaluated with class imbalance taken into account.Диабетическая ретинопатия является одним из основных побочных эффектов диабета, которая вызывает тяжелые последствия, вплоть до слепоты. Основной задачей является ранняя диагностика данного заболевания с целью своевременного и эффективного лечения. Диабетическая ретинопатия может быть обнаружена гораздо быстрее и более точно, если использовать методы машинного обучения для анализа изображений сетчатки глаза человека. Разработка методов и алгоритмов детекции и классификации данного заболевания, а также автоматизация этого процесса, являются актуальными задачами и экономически эффективным мероприятием.В статье основное внимание уделено вопросу классификации стадий диабетической ретинопатии с помощью нейронных сетей на основе изображений сетчатки глаза человека. Oписана задача классификации стадий диабетической ретинопатии, а также предложено использование архитектуры глубоких нейронных сетей на основе VGG16 и VGG19 с добавление пользовательских слоёв. В результате проведенных экспериментальных исследований приведены рекомендации по выбору размера исходных изображений сетчатки глаза, а также этапу предварительной обработки (обрезке изображения).Выполнено исследование используемого набора данных, в результате чего обучение моделей нейронных сетей и оценка результатов проводилась с учетом дисбаланса классов

Qualitative composition of oral fluid in pregnant women before and after caries prophylactic precautions

The article deals significant oral fluid indicators in pregnant women have been studied before and after the caries prevention course with using the ternary calcium phosphate-fluoride-containing gel. The topical application of the gel has been established to result in improving the majority of studied oral fluid parameters values. In addition the probability risk of the oral fluid indicators impact on the dental caries growth rate was assessed in the paper. Herewith the influence of the same oral fluid parameters on the dental caries growth intensity has been proved to be probably different before and after carrying out the local prophylactic caries impacts.В статье рассмотрены некоторые показатели ротовой жидкости беременных в динамике проведения курса профилактики кариеса с помощью аппликаций трёхкомпонентного кальций-, фосфат-, фторсодержащего геля. Установлено, что местное применение геля приводит к изменению значений большинства изучаемых параметров ротовой жидкости. Дана оценка вероятностного риска влияния показателей ротовой жидкости на интенсивность прироста кариеса. Доказано, что до и после проведения местных кариеспрофилактических воздействий влияние одних и тех же параметров ротовой жидкости на интенсивность прироста кариеса может быть неодинаковым