9,300 research outputs found
Organic agriculture and rural livelihoods in Karnataka, India
The research explored the effects a change from conventional to organic farming had on the livelihoods of a group of farmers in Karnataka, South India. It involved semi-structured interviews with organic farmers, NGOs, consumers, marketing organisations, and the State Agricultural Department. The farmers in the case study perceived that they had improved their livelihoods over the long term by the conversion from conventional to organic farming. Reduced costs for external inputs and reduced labour requirements together with similar or higher yields and premium prices resulted in higher net-farm incomes. The conversion to organic farming reduced the reliance on credits and the risk of crop failure due to pests, diseases and droughts, thereby reducing vulnerability. In addition, the farmers mentioned enhanced natural assets, reduced risk of pesticide poisonings, improved food safety, higher levels of self-sufficiency, and the access to networks supporting knowledge exchange and political participation as important benefits of the conversion. However, almost all the case study farmers noted that the conversion period was difficult due to temporarily declining yields and a lack of information and experiences. This is likely to be a major constraint preventing asset-poor farmers from adopting organic agriculture
Stranger Things about Forcing without AC
Typically, set theorists reason about forcing constructions in the context of
ZFC. We show that without AC, several simple properties of forcing posets fail
to hold, one of which answers Miller's question from arXiv:0704.3998.Comment: 5 page
The traces of anisotropic dark energy in light of Planck
We study a dark energy model with non-zero anisotropic stress, either linked
to the dark energy density or to the dark matter density. We compute
approximate solutions that allow to characterise the behaviour of the dark
energy model and to assess the stability of the perturbations. We also
determine the current limits on such an anisotropic stress from the cosmic
microwave background data by the Planck satellite, and derive the corresponding
constraints on the modified growth parameters like the growth index, the
effective Newton's constant and the gravitational slip.Comment: 29 pages, 10 figures; matches version accepted for publication in
JCA
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