Amélioration de la qualité des sols acides de Lubumbashi (Katanga, RD Congo) par l’application de différents niveaux de compost de fumiers de poules

Objectives: An experiment was conducted on an acidic soil to assess the influence of compost and mineral fertilizers on the chemical properties of this soil. Methodology and results: The test was installed to a completely randomized with six replicates of six treatment: T0 (unfertilized control), T1 (175 kg NPK+ 87 kg urea per hectare) T2 (double of T1, 350 kg NPK+175 kg urea) T3 (15t.ha-1 of compost), T4 (double of T3, 30 t.ha-1 of compost) T5 (quadruple of T3, 60 t.ha-1 of compost). Before installation of the test, composting chicken manure was carried out for 36 days. At the end of the experiment, chemical analyzes were performed on samples of soil and compost from manure of hens. The contents of exchangeable cations appear to be higher compared to the reference values found by other authors in the study area. The high values found for these parameters in the site of the present study could result from the contribution of fertilizers. For the witness, there was a low nutrient availability. In addition, the mean levels of K, P, C and pH are high in pots amended with plenty of compost. Significant differences were observed between the different doses of compost and mineral NPK fertilizer on soil characteristics studied. Conclusion and application: Recovery of waste as a source of organic matter is a practice to be encouraged in Lubumbashi urban horticulture, in given the high cost of mineral fertilizers and the low level of income of farmers.Keywords: Compost; mineral fertilizers; acid soil; urban and peri-urban agriculture; Lubumbashi

Influence de la fertilisation à base des déchets humains recyclés, des engrais minéraux et de leur combinaison sur le comportement de 3 variétés de maïs (Zea mays L.)

 Objectives: The use of municipal solid waste in urban agriculture is a common practice. Recycled human waste made with little or no mineral fertilizers and their effects on crops and soil has however been poorly understood. This work was initiated to evaluate the effects of the combined inputs of recycled human waste and mineral fertilizers on the yield of maize. Methodology and Results: The trial was installed following a factorial design with three replications. The effects of four doses of recycled human waste (0, 1.75, 3.5 and 7 t.ha-1) were evaluated on three varieties of maize (Babungo, Unilu and Katanga). The waste was made alone or with a mineral fertilizer supplements (0 kg, 300 kgNPK+ 200 kg urea ha-1, 150 kg NPK+100 kg urea ha-1). The Babungo variety gave the highest yield (6.6 t.ha-1) compared to the other two varieties who gave similar yields statistically (5.3 t.ha-1 for Katanga variety and 4.4 t.ha-1 for Unilu). Compared to the yield obtained on plots fertilized with human waste or mineral fertilizers alone, yields were increased on plots where the two fertilizers were combined. Conclusion and Application: The profitability of high doses of recycled human waste applied alone or combined with mineral fertilizers is comparable to that obtained with mineral fertilizers applied alone (profitable treatments). In contrast, the low dose of recycled human wastes applied only to give excellent profitability (Ration Value by Cost= 7.73). Katangese has a growing population, this leads to an increase in food needs along with high production of waste and effluents. Recycling of waste involved in environmental sanitation and the fight against poverty through increased yields.Keywords: maize; recycled human waste; yield; mineral fertilizer