Evaluation of slag and calcareous rocks as corrective of the acidity of the ground in the culture of lettuce

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da escória de siderurgia e dos calcários magnesiano e dolomítico, na produção de matéria seca da alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e as alterações na sua nutrição e em alguns atributos químicos do solo. Os tratamentos consistiram dos corretivos calcário magnesiano e dolomítico e escória de siderurgia, em três doses: 2,36, 4,72 e 7,08 g por vaso. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x3+1 (três corretivos x três doses + testemunha). Todos os materiais corretivos aumentaram a produção de matéria seca da alface, porém destacaram-se os calcários, sendo que para a escória, a alta concentração do Mn na parte aérea limitou a produção. Na parte aérea da alface, os teores e quantidade acumulada de Ca, Mg e Cu aumentaram, e os teores de Mn e Zn não foram alterados com a aplicação dos corretivos. Todos os materiais corretivos foram eficientes na correção da acidez do solo, especialmente quando se utilizou calcário magnesiano. A escória de siderurgia não é o corretivo mais apropriado para a cultura da alface.The present work was carried out to evaluate the effect of the slag and of magnesian and dolomitic calcareous rocks on the production of dry matter of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) on its nutrition alteration and on some chemical attributes of the soil. The treatments consisted of the three corrective agent: magnesian lime and dolomitic and slag in three doses: 2.36, 4.72 and 7.08 g/pot. A completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 3x3+1 (three corrective agents x three doses + control) with four replications was used. The corrective agents increased production of dry matter (lettuce), especially lime. In the treatment with slag, the production was limited by high concentration of the Mn in plants. In the aerial part of lettuce correctives increased the concentration and content of Ca, Mg, and Cu, but did not alter concentration of Mn and Zn. The application of the corrective agents promoted efficient neutralization of acidity in soil, especially utilized when magnesian lime was used. The slag does not fit for lettuce culture purposes

Evaluation of slag and calcareous rocks as corrective of the acidity of the ground in the culture of lettuce

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos da escória de siderurgia e dos calcários magnesiano e dolomítico, na produção de matéria seca da alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e as alterações na sua nutrição e em alguns atributos químicos do solo. Os tratamentos consistiram dos corretivos calcário magnesiano e dolomítico e escória de siderurgia, em três doses: 2,36, 4,72 e 7,08 g por vaso. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x3+1 (três corretivos x três doses + testemunha). Todos os materiais corretivos aumentaram a produção de matéria seca da alface, porém destacaram-se os calcários, sendo que para a escória, a alta concentração do Mn na parte aérea limitou a produção. Na parte aérea da alface, os teores e quantidade acumulada de Ca, Mg e Cu aumentaram, e os teores de Mn e Zn não foram alterados com a aplicação dos corretivos. Todos os materiais corretivos foram eficientes na correção da acidez do solo, especialmente quando se utilizou calcário magnesiano. A escória de siderurgia não é o corretivo mais apropriado para a cultura da alface.The present work was carried out to evaluate the effect of the slag and of magnesian and dolomitic calcareous rocks on the production of dry matter of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) on its nutrition alteration and on some chemical attributes of the soil. The treatments consisted of the three corrective agent: magnesian lime and dolomitic and slag in three doses: 2.36, 4.72 and 7.08 g/pot. A completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 3x3+1 (three corrective agents x three doses + control) with four replications was used. The corrective agents increased production of dry matter (lettuce), especially lime. In the treatment with slag, the production was limited by high concentration of the Mn in plants. In the aerial part of lettuce correctives increased the concentration and content of Ca, Mg, and Cu, but did not alter concentration of Mn and Zn. The application of the corrective agents promoted efficient neutralization of acidity in soil, especially utilized when magnesian lime was used. The slag does not fit for lettuce culture purposes

Eliminação de cálculos biliares pela via urinária: uma complicação da colecistectomia laparoscópica

The introduction and popularization of laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been accompanied with a considerable increase in perforation of gallbladder during this procedure (10%--32%), with the occurrence of intraperitoneal bile spillage and the consequent increase in the incidence of lost gallstones (0.2%--20%). Recently the complications associated with these stones have been documented in the literature. We report a rare complication occurring in an 81-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy and developed cutaneous fistula to the umbilicus and elimination of biliary stones through the urinary tract. During the cholecystectomy, the gall bladder was perforated, and bile and gallstones were spilled into the peritoneal cavity. Two months after the initial procedure there was exteriorization of fistula through the umbilicus, with intermittent elimination of biliary stones. After eleven months, acute urinary retention occurred due to biliary stones in the bladder, which were removed by cystoscopy. We conclude that efforts should be concentrated on avoiding the spillage of stones during the surgery, and that no rules exist for indicating a laparotomy simply to retrieve these lost gallstones.Com a introdução e popularização da colecistectomia por via laparoscópica houve um aumento considerável na taxa de perfuração da vesícula biliar durante o procedimento, determinando o derramamento de bile na cavidade peritoneal e consequente aumento da incidência de cálculos biliares perdidos na cavidade. Recentemente, as complicações associadas com estes cálculos vêm sendo estabelecidas na literatura. Os autores relatam uma complicação rara ocorrida em uma paciente de 81 anos que foi submetida à colecistectomia laparoscópica e apresentou no pós-operatório uma fístula cutânea para a cicatriz umbilical e eliminação de cálculos biliares pelo trato urinário. Concluímos que é importante evitar o derramamento de cálculos durante a cirurgia, porém a laparotomia não deve ser indicada simplesmente para retirada de cálculos perdidos durante a colecistectomia laparoscópica

Relative age effect on the reaction time of soccer players under 13 years old.

?A influ?ncia do efeito da idade relativa no tempo de rea??o em jogadores de futebol sub 13.? O efeito da idade relativa, que consiste na vantagem obtida pelo atleta nascido mais pr?ximo ao in?cio do ano de sele??o, tem se mostrado uma vari?vel importante para o processo de sele??o de esportistas. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a influ?ncia da ?poca de nascimento no tempo de rea??o de escolha de futebolistas presentes nas categorias de base (sub 13) de clubes profissionais futebol. Participaram 76 atletas com idade de 13,36 ? 0,45 anos. Os volunt?rios foram submetidos ao teste do TRE, e os resultados categorizados conforme o semestre de nascimento (S1 ou S2). Foi empregado o teste t para a compara??o entre grupos, e an?lise de Correla??o de Pearson para verificar a exist?ncia de associa??es entre as vari?veis. Os resultados n?o indicaram diferen?as entre os grupos no tempo de rea??o (r = 0,033 e p = 0,772) e no tempo de movimento (r = 0,0073 e p = 0,530). Concluiu-se que para essa popula??o, a ?poca de nascimento n?o influencia no desempenho dessa capacidade.The relative age effect, which is the advantage obtained by an athlete born closer to the beginning of the selection year, has been shown to be an important variable in the development of soccer players. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the season of birth on the choice reaction time (CRT) of elite soccer athletes in the under 13 years of age category. Seventy-six athletes participated who were 13.36 ? 0.45 years old. The volunteers were tested with a CRT test, and the results were divided according to the semester of birth (S1 or S2). We conducted a t-test in order to compare the results between groups and a Pearson correlation analysis to verify the associations between variables. The results indicated no differences in reaction time (r= .033 and p = .772) or movement time (r = .0073 and p = .530). It was concluded that for this population, the season of birth does not influence the performance of the capabilities tested

Sequencing of E2 and NS5A regions of HCV genotype 3a in Brazilian patients with chronic hepatitis

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver disease throughout the world. The NS5A and E2 proteins of HCV genotype 1 were reported to inhibit the double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR), which is involved in the cellular antiviral response induced by interferon (IFN). The response to IFN therapy is quite different between genotypes, with response rates among patients infected with types 2 and 3 that are two-three-fold higher than in patients infected with type 1. Interestingly, a significant percentage of HCV genotype 3-infected patients do not respond to treatment at all. The aim of this paper was to analyse the sequences of fragments of the E2 and NS5A regions from 33 outpatients infected with genotype 3a, including patients that have responded (SVR) or not responded (NR) to treatment. HCV RNA was extracted and amplified with specific primers for the NS5A and E2 regions and the PCR products were then sequenced. The sequences obtained covered amino acids (aa) 636-708 in E2 and in NS5A [including the IFN sensitivity determining region (ISDR), PKR-binding domain and extended V3 region)]. In the E2 and NS5A regions, we did observe aa changes among patients, but these changes were not statistically significant between the SVR and NR groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that the ISDR domain is not predictive of treatment success in patients infected with HCV genotype 3a.FAPESPAlves de Queiroz Family Fund for Researc