Dynamics of pulmonary venous flow in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)Fundo de Apoio do IC/FUC à Ciência e Cultura (FAPICC)ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that the pulmonary vein pulsatility index (PVPI) is higher in fetuses with growth restriction (IUGR) than in normal fetuses. MethodsTwenty-two fetuses with IUGR and twenty-one (21) fetuses with appropriate growth for gestational age from healthy mothers were studied. PVPI was calculated by Doppler echocardiography [maximal velocity (systolic or diastolic peak)-pre-systolic peak/mean velocity]. Obstetric ultrasound was used to assess fetal biometry and Doppler to assess the uterine, umbilical and middle cerebral arteries PI. Statistical analysis used t test and Pearson's correlation. ResultsMean gestational age was 31.5+/-2.1weeks in the control group and 31.4+/-3.1weeks in IUGR (P=0.91). The PI of uterine and umbilical arteries were higher in IUGR than in controls (P<0.001). Mean PVPI in IUGR fetuses was 1.31+/-0.41, and in controls it was 0.83+/-0.11 (P<0.001). ConclusionThe pulsatility index of pulmonary venous flow in fetuses with growth restriction is higher than in normal fetuses, probably as a result of left atrial dynamics alteration secondary or not to fetal left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.[Bravo-Valenzuela, Nathalie J. M.; Zielinsky, Paulo; Nicoloso, Luiz H.; Piccoli, Antonio; Busato, Stefano] Inst Cardiol, Fetal Cardiol Unit, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil[Huhta, James C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, All Childrens Hosp, St Petersburg, FL USA[Bravo-Valenzuela, Nathalie J. M.; Acacio, Gregorio L.] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Sao Paulo, Brazi

Humid and cold forest connections in South America between the eastern Andes and the southern Atlantic coast during the LGM

Abstract The presence of Andean plant genera in moist forests of the Brazilian Atlantic Coast has been historically hypothesized as the result of cross-continental migrations starting at the eastern Andean flanks. Here we test hypotheses of former connections between the Atlantic and Andean forests by examining distribution patterns of selected cool and moist-adapted plant arboreal taxa present in 54 South American pollen records of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), ca. 19–23 cal ka, known to occur in both plant domains. Pollen taxa studied include Araucaria, Drimys, Hedyosmum, Ilex, Myrsine, Podocarpus, Symplocos, Weinmannia, Myrtaceae, Ericaceae and Arecaceae. Past connectivity patterns between these two neotropical regions as well as individual ecological niches during the LGM were explored by cluster analysis of fossil assemblages and modern plant distributions. Additionally, we examined the ecological niche of 137 plant species with shared distributions between the Andes and coastal Brazil. Our results revealed five complex connectivity patterns for South American vegetation linking Andean, Amazonian and Atlantic Forests and one disjunction distribution in southern Chile. This study also provides a better understanding of vegetation cover on the large and shallow South American continental shelf that was exposed due to a global sea level drop

O discurso da institucionalização de práticas em saúde: uma reflexão à luz dos referenciais teóricos das ciências humanas The institutionalization speech of health practices: a reflection based on the approach of the Human Sciences

O objetivo deste artigo é promover uma reflexão sobre o discurso da institucionalização de práticas de saúde, notadamente da avaliação, e em que medida ela pode levar à mudança pretendida, ou, por outro lado, reafirmar conceitos enraizados e reproduzir práticas. Para isto, se buscou auxílio nos teóricos do campo das ciências humanas, principalmente aqueles que têm refletido sobre as instituições sociais. Os referenciais teóricos utilizados são de autores da sociologia positivista, da fenomenologia sociológica e do movimento institucionalista francês. Com eles, busca-se compreender a noção de instituição presente nessas escolas e seu reflexo na concepção de institucionalização. À luz do referencial no qual se apóiam, os autores sugerem alguns cuidados na condução prática das ações que apóiam o movimento da institucionalização da avaliação em saúde.<br>This paper aims to promote reflections on the movement to institutionalize health practices evaluation: can it lead to the intended changes or may it reproduce old practices? To answer these questions, it was necessary to resort to the aid of Human Sciences mainly the authors who study social institutions. These authors based their theories on Positivistic sociology, on sociological phenomenology and on the precepts of the French institutionalism movement. Following their lines of thought, this paper is intended to further understand the concept of institution and institutionalization present in those social schools. Based on the theoretical framework which encourages this text, the authors suggest some special attention be placed on actions that support the movement for health evaluation institutionalization

Lisímetro de pesagem de grande porte.: desenvolvimento e calibração A large-scale weighting lysimeter. part I: development and calibration

A evapotranspiração de plantas frutíferas foi medida a partir da instalação e calibração de um lisímetro de pesagem de grande porte. O equipamento, composto por caçamba metálica em aço carbono, possui arquitetura circular com área de 5,72 m² e massa total de 10,5 toneladas. Uma muda de coqueiro anão-verde foi transplantada para o lisímetro e mantida sob as mesmas condições de solo e adubação do campo experimental. Na automação do processo foi utilizado o mecanismo de alívio de carga baseado em sistemas de alavancas e contrapesos, apoiado em uma célula de carga com capacidade de 200 kg e precisão de 0,02% de sua capacidade. Os dados de saída da célula de carga foram armazenados em um coletor automático de dados tipo data logger. A relação entre a variação de massa e a voltagem da célula de carga do lisímetro é descrita adequadamente por modelo linear com mínima histerese. A metodologia empregada na instalação e na calibração do lisímetro foi adequada, obtendo-se um coeficiente de determinação de 0,99 na equação de calibração. Os resultados ainda indicam que o lisímetro de pesagem pode ser utilizado com êxito na determinação de evapotranspiração de plantas frutíferas de grande porte.<br>The objectives of present study were to develop and to calibrate a large-scale weighing lysimeter in order to estimate evapotranspiration of fruit plants. The equipment consisted of a metallic bucket (steel carbon) of circular design with total area of 5.72 m² and total mass of 10.5 t. A seedling of dwarf-green coconut palm was transplanted in lysimeter and maintained under same fertilization conditions of experimental field. For automation of the process, a mechanism of load relief based on systems of levers and counterbalances was used, leaning in a load cell with capacity of 200 kg and precision of 0.02% of its capacity. The output data of load cell were stored in an automatic data acquisition system. The relationship between mass variation (mm) and voltage (mV) of the load-cell lysimeter described a linear model with minimum hysterisis. Also, it can be concluded that the methodology used for the calibration of the weighing lysimeter was appropriate, showing a coefficient of determination of 0.99 for the calibration equation. Results also indicated that the large-scale weighing lysimeter can be used with success in the determination of evapotranspiration of fruit plants