Empreendedorismo, crescimento econômico e pobreza : uma análise para os municípios paranaenses

Orientador: Alexandre Alves PorsseMonografia(Graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná,Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Curso de Ciências EconômicasResumo: Entender quais são os principais determinantes do crescimento econômico, bem como quais fatores contribuem em maior medida para a promoção do desenvolvimento e da redução das desigualdades, são tópicos centrais da Ciência Econômica. Há uma vasta lista de fatores possíveis, que podem impulsionar o crescimento econômico e promover desenvolvimento econômico e social, já apontados por grandes economistas. Entretanto, um fator que vem despertando grande interesse, não só por parte dos economistas, mas também por formuladores de políticas públicas, é o empreendedorismo. Neste sentido, desde a década de 1980, economistas ao redor do mundo têm defendido que o empreendedorismo pode ser um fator chave, tanto na geração de crescimento econômico, quanto na promoção de desenvolvimento econômico e social e redução da pobreza. A partir de então, surge o interesse em realizar esta pesquisa, cujo objetivo é investigar o impacto que o empreendedorismo possa ter sobre o crescimento econômico bem como para a redução da pobreza. No presente trabalho, esta análise será aplicada para os 399 municípios do estado do Paraná, para o ano de 2010, utilizando como método empírico econométrico os mínimos quadrados em dois estágios (MQ2E). Aplicando o MQ2E, foi encontrado um impacto positivo do empreendedorismo frente ao crescimento econômico e um impacto negativo frente à taxa de pobrez

Mudanza organizacional: una investigación de las opiniones, actitudes y expectativas de empleados que viven momentos de transición organizacional

Pesquisa focada no comportamento organizacional, especificamente nos aspectos da cultura organizacional mencionados por Sashkin e Kiser (1994), considerados como referencial teórico. A pesquisa responde duas questões principais: (1) quais são as opiniões, atitudes e expectativas dos funcionários diante de uma mudança organizacional? e (2) até que ponto as expectativas, as opiniões e as atitudes observadas aderem aos oito elementos da cultura organizacional propostos por esses autores? Parte da hipótese sustenta de que as empresas sujeitas a forte mudanças organizacionais, se observa um grande hiato nos elementos da cultura organizacional. As hipóteses foram parcialmente suportadas.Investigación centrada en el comportamiento organizacional, específicamente en los aspectos de la cultura organizacional mencionados por Sashkin y Kiser (1994), tomados como referencial teórico. Contesta a dos cuestiones centrales: (1) ¿cuáles las opiniones, actitudes y expectativas de empleados frente a una mudanza organizacional? y (2) ¿hasta que punto las expectativas, las opiniones y las actitudes observadas adhieren a los ocho elementos de la cultura organizacional propuestos por tales autores? Parte de la hipótesis sustantiva de que, en empresas sujetas a fortes mudanzas organizacionales, se pasa a observar un grande hiato en los elementos de la cultura organizacional. Las hipótesis fueron parcialmente soportadas.The research has a focus on the organizational behavior, specifically on the organizational culture investigated by Sashkin y Kiser (1994), taken as the major theoretical reference. Two questions are contested: (1) which are the opinions, attitudes and expectations of employees toward an organizational change? Up to which level these verified opinions, attitudes and expectations fit the eight elements of organizational culture proposed by these authors? The proposition states that, in firms with strong organizational change, there can be found a large hiatus in the elements of organizational culture. This proposition is partially sustained by de research

O USO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ E AMAMENTAÇÃO

Parte dos fitoterápicos são consumidos sem acompanhamento por profissional de saúde, sendo de venda sem prescrição médica. Culturalmente, as gestantes optam pelo uso de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos para tratarem desconfortos decorrentes ou não da gestação. Entretanto, na terapêutica, o uso de plantas medicinais com base e sendo assegurado somente pelo uso tradicional pode ser perigoso. É fundamental que se tenha um perfil tóxico bem estabelecido, principalmente no que se refere ao potencial abortivo e teratogênico, salientando que com relação as plantas medicinais as informações a esse respeito são escassas e contraditórias. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento bibliográfico com o propósito de apresentar questões relacionadas ao uso de plantas medicinais durante a gravidez e amamentação

A Brazilian cross-sectional study

Funding Information: This research has been financed by Research Center in Political Science (UIDB/CPO/00758/2020), University of Minho/University of Évora and supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science through national funds. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.This study has the aim of assessing the Brazilian perceptions, influencing factors and political positioning on the confidence concerning COVID-19 vaccination. To achieve the objective, the methods rely on a cross-sectional survey of Brazilian citizens, distributed through different social networks. The sample is composed of 1,670 valid responses, collected from almost all Brazilian states and state capitals. To analyze the data and give a clear view of the variables’ relationship, the study used bivariate and comparative graphs. Results show a higher level of confidence in vaccines from Pfizer and AstraZeneca, while the lower level of confidence is associated with vaccines from Sinopharm and Sputinik5. Vaccine efficacy is the most significant influencing factor that helps in the decision to get vaccinated. Also, individuals are less willing to get vaccinated if their political preferences are related to the right-wing. The results led to three main health and social implications: i) the vaccination strategy campaigns should take in count vaccine efficacy and political aspects; ii) the vaccination process should be adapted to regions with different political positions; and iii) a reinforcement in the educational policies of the vaccine’s importance to the public health, to avoid the politization of a health issue.publishersversionpublishe

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how sociodemographic conditions, political factors, organizational confidence, and non-pharmaceutical interventions compliance affect the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Brazil. METHODS: Data collection took place between November 25th, 2020 and January 11th, 2021 using a nationwide online survey. Subsequently, the researches performed a descriptive analysis on the main variables and used logistic regression models to investigate the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. RESULTS: Less concern over vaccine side effects could improve the willingness to be vaccinated (probability changed by 7.7 pp; p < 0.10). The current vaccine distrust espoused by the Brazilian president is associated with vaccine hesitancy, among his voter base. Lower performance perception ("Very Bad" with 10.7 pp; p < 0.01) or higher political opposition (left-oriented) regarding the current presidency is associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. Higher compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is usually positively associated with the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine (+1 score to NPI compliance index is associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated by 1.4 pp, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Willingness to be vaccinated is strongly associated with political leaning, perceived federal government performance, vaccine side effects, and compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs).publishersversionpublishe

Augmented β-cell function and mass in glucocorticoid-treated rodents are associated with increased islet ir-β /AKT/mTOR and decreased AMPK/ACC and AS160 signaling

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOGlucocorticoid (GC) therapies may adversely cause insulin resistance (IR) that lead to a compensatory hyperinsulinemia due to insulin hypersecretion. The increased β-cell function is associated with increased insulin signaling that has the protein kinase B (AKT) substrate with 160 kDa (AS160) as an important downstream AKT effector. In muscle, both insulin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling phosphorylate and inactivate AS160, which favors the glucose transporter (GLUT)-4 translocation to plasma membrane. Whether AS160 phosphorylation is modulated in islets from GC-treated subjects is unknown. For this, two animal models, Swiss mice and Wistar rats, were treated with dexamethasone (DEX) (1 mg/kg body weight) for 5 consecutive days. DEX treatment induced IR, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia in both species, but glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia only in rats. DEX treatment caused increased insulin secretion in response to glucose and augmented β-cell mass in both species that were associated with increased islet content and increased phosphorylation of the AS160 protein. Protein AKT phosphorylation, but not AMPK phosphorylation, was found significantly enhanced in islets from DEX-treated animals. We conclude that the augmented β-cell function developed in response to the GC-induced IR involves inhibition of the islet AS160 protein activity.Glucocorticoid (GC) therapies may adversely cause insulin resistance (IR) that lead to a compensatory hyperinsulinemia due to insulin hypersecretion. The increased β-cell function is associated with increased insulin signaling that has the protein kinase2014114FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOsem informaçãosem informaçã

Survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students

The development of cervical cancer is related with human papillomavirus infection with greater intensity the subtypes 16 and 18. Considering that the lifestyle of women influences the development of this cancer, this study aimed to perform a survey on the risk factors for cervical cancer known by biomedicine students. Descriptive and exploratory research, with a quantitative approach was performed with 101 biomedical undergraduates. Data were collected from February to March 2018 through a questionnaire and analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Science program. Students in the age group of 18 to 24 years old (89.11%), single (93.07%), with family income between two and three minimum wages prevailed (43.56%). It also showed that participants started their sexual life early (average 16 years old), had more than one sexual partner throughout their lives, had no relation to smoking (100%), most were not alcohol consumers (66%), did not take the Papanicolaou preventive exam (61.39%), did not practice physical activity (55.45%) and had a low frequency in the use of condoms during sexual intercourse (22.08%). It is concluded that there is a need for educational campaigns in Higher Education Institutions, which provide more information about the prevention of Cervical Cancer and the prevention of associated risk factors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Produtividade e características físico-químicas dos frutos da lima ácida 'Tahiti' sob diferentes disposições de microaspersores

An adequate water management and irrigation system are important points to be considered for yield maximization and fruit quality of 'Tahiti' acid lemon in semi arid. The work focused in evaluation of the influence of different microsprinkler systems on yield and on physical chemical characteristics of fruits, in the different quadrants of the plant, of 'Tahiti' lemon acid orchard, with four years and planted at spacing of 5.0 x 7.0 m. The work followed a randomized block design with three treatments and six replications. Three arrangements of microsprinkler were: T1 - one emitter for each plant, located between plants along plant row; T2 - one emitter for two plants, located between plants along plant row; and T3 - one emitter for each plant, located at 0,3 m distant from the plant. The mean productivity values were signiï¬cantly different between the treatments T2 (19.506 kg ha ) and T1 (13.545 kg ha ). Fruits from T3 and T2 presented higher ascorbic acid contents than fruits from the treatment T1. The values of soluble solids, mean fruit weight and citric acid showed signiï¬cant differences among the quadrants of the plant, demonstrating the influence of the arrangement of the microsprinklers on the physical chemical parameters of the fruits of the 'Tahiti' acid lemon, under semi arid conditions of cultivation.O adequado manejo de água de irrigação é fundamental para maximização da produção e melhoria da qualidade dos frutos da lima ácida 'Tahiti' no semiárido. O trabalho visou avaliar a influência de diferentes disposições de microaspersores, na produtividade e características físico-químicas dos frutos, nos diferentes quadrantes da planta, num pomar de lima ácida 'Tahiti', com quatro anos, plantada no espaçamento de 5,0 x 7,0 m. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, sendo: T1 – um microaspersor por planta, localizado entre plantas ao longo da fileira; T2 – um microaspersor para duas plantas, também ao longo da fileira; e T3 – um microaspersor por planta, localizado a 0,3 m da planta, e seis repetições. Foram consideradas parcelas subdivididas, nas quais se avaliou os frutos nos quadrantes norte, sul, leste e oeste da planta. Os valores de produtividade média apresentaram diferença significativa entre os tratamentos T2 (19.506 kg ha ) e T1 (13.545 kg ha ). Os frutos do T3 e T2 apresentaram teor de ácido ascórbico superior aos do T1. Os valores de sólidos solúveis, peso médio de frutos e ácido cítrico apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os quadrantes, demonstrando influência da disposição dos microaspersores sobre os parâmetros físico-químicos dos frutos da lima ácida 'Tahiti', em condições semiáridas de cultivo