Frequencies of <i>FGFR3</i>, <i>RAS</i>, <i>PIK3CA</i> mutations and p53 overexpression according to stage and grade.

<p>The correlation of these alterations in primary bladder tumors of 257 patients with stage (A) or grade (B) is indicated by p-values (χ²).</p

Frequency of mutations in recurrence events of patients with a mutant pTa/T1G1/2 primary bladder tumor.

<p>Frequency of <i>FGFR3</i>, <i>RAS</i>, and <i>PIK3CA</i> mutations is indicated.</p

Primers used for multiplex amplification of <i>HRAS</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>NRAS, PIK3CA</i>, and <i>FGFR3</i>.

<p>Primers used for multiplex amplification of <i>HRAS</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>NRAS, PIK3CA</i>, and <i>FGFR3</i>.</p

Frequencies of individual mutations in primary tumors of 257 patients.

<p>Frequencies of individual mutations in primary tumors of 257 patients.</p

Probes for the detection of <i>HRAS</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>NRAS</i>, <i>PIK3CA</i> and <i>FGFR3</i> mutations.

<p>Probes for the detection of <i>HRAS</i>, <i>KRAS</i>, <i>NRAS</i>, <i>PIK3CA</i> and <i>FGFR3</i> mutations.</p

Relations between mutations in primary bladder tumors of 257 patients.

<p>Relations between mutations in primary bladder tumors of 257 patients.</p

Combinations of mutations in primary bladder tumors of 257 patients.

<p>Combinations of mutations in primary bladder tumors of 257 patients.</p

RAS-BC mutation assay.

<p>Panel A: wild-type sample, panels B–D: samples with mutations. Position of the interrogated codons, nucleotides and genes is depicted at the bottom.</p

Examples of the electropherograms for the selected markers, ordered to their chromosomal position.

<p>On the Y-axis, the peak intensity is given. On the X-axis, the fragment size is given in basepairs. On the left side, results from normal tissue are shown. Note that these markers have few or no stutter peaks and a fairly constant ratio (close to 1) between the heights of the two alleles. On the right side, results from representative tumor samples with LOH are shown.</p

Microsatellite markers selected for this study.

<p>Het: the expected heterozygosity (%) according to the CEPH database (<a href="http://www.cephb.fr/en/cephdb/browser.php" target="_blank">http://www.cephb.fr/en/cephdb/browser.php</a>). F/R: forward or reverse primer.</p