Microsurgical identification and excision of an intratesticular mass

To demonstrate a step-by-step approach to microsurgical partial orchiectomy (PO) in a man with a small intratesticular mass. Video presentation. University hospital. A 22-year-old man with right testicular pain and swelling found to have a small, nonpalpable 8-mm hypoechoic testicular mass on ultrasound. Tumor markers were negative. Partial orchiectomy. Intraoperative technique with commentary highlighting tips for a successful resection. This video provides a brief introduction to and indications for PO as an alternative to radical orchiectomy. We describe the microsurgical approach to PO through an inguinal incision for the resection of a small intratesticular mass. Microsurgical PO should be considered for select patients as an alternative to radical orchiectomy. The microscopic approach provides a more precise resection with limited collateral damage to surrounding parenchyma

V9-10 TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF EJACULATORY DUCTS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE

To demonstrate the key components for completing a successful transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts (TURED) for completely obstructed ejaculatory ducts (EDs). Video presentation. University Hospital. A 40-year-old man presenting with primary infertility and abnormal semen analysis (pH 6.4, volume of 0.7 cc, concentration 16 million/cc, and 7% motility) in whom a transrectal ultrasonography revealed dilated seminal vesicles measuring more than 1.5 cm and seminal vesicle aspiration detected no sperm in the aspirate. Transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts. Intraoperative technique with commentary highlighting tips for a successful TURED. This video provides a step-by-step guide for TURED, including transrectal ultrasonography-guided seminal vesicle puncture for instillation of methylene blue to allow more precise identification of EDs. Vesiculography was performed near the end of the procedure to assess for patency of EDs and confirm both sides had been opened. (Institutional review board approval was obtained for this presentation.) CONCLUSION(S): The key portions for performing a successful TURED includes seminal vesicle instillation of methylene blue for easier identification of EDs. Vesiculography is performed near the end of the procedure to ensure both EDs have been opened as well as to assess for passive drainage of the seminal vesicles through the newly open EDs

Combined Partial Penectomy With Bilateral Robotic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy Using Near-infrared Fluorescence Guidance

To describe our novel technique for performing a combined partial penectomy and bilateral robotic inguinal lymphadenectomy using intraoperative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence guidance with indocyanine green (ICG) and the DaVinci Firefly camera system. A 58-year-old man presented status post recent excisional biopsy of a 2-cm lesion on the left coronal aspect of the glans penis. Pathology revealed "invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis with multifocal positive margins." His examination was suspicious for cT2 primary and his inguinal nodes were cN0. He was counseled to undergo partial penectomy with possible combined vs staged bilateral robotic inguinal lymphadenectomy. Preoperative computed tomography scan was negative for pathologic lymphadenopathy. Before incision, 5 mL of ICG was injected subcutaneously beneath the tumor. Bilateral thigh pockets were then developed simultaneously and a right, then left robotic modified inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed using NIR fluorescence guidance via the DaVinci Firefly camera. A partial penectomy was then performed in the standard fashion. The combined procedure was performed successfully without complication. Total operative time was 379 minutes and total robotic console time was 95 minutes for the right and 58 minutes to the left. Estimated blood loss on the right and left were 15 and 25 mL, respectively. A total of 24 lymph nodes were retrieved. This video demonstrates a safe and feasible approach for combined partial penectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy with NIR guidance using ICG and the DaVinci Firefly camera system. The combined robotic approach has minimal morbidity and avoids the need for a staged procedure. Furthermore, use of NIR guidance with ICG during robotic inguinal lymphadenectomy is feasible and may help identify sentinel lymph nodes and improve the quality of dissection. Further studies are needed to confirm the utility of NIR guidance for robotic sentinel lymph node dissection

Three-piece Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Refractory Ischemic Priapism-Tips and Tricks

Implantation of a penile prosthesis in a patient with significant corporal fibrosis can pose a significant challenge to the surgeon, necessitating the knowledge of specific techniques used to dilate and close aggressively scarred corpora. The objective of our instructional video is to discuss 2 techniques used to approach corporal fibrosis: proper and safe use of cavernotomes for dilation and use of narrower prostheses. In this video, we present a 53-year-old man with a history of priapism 3 years ago that lasted 4 days in the setting of trazodone use. He was managed with corporal irrigation and subsequently developed severe erectile dysfunction. Notably, the patient had a history of sickle cell anemia, and on physical examination was noted to have densely fibrotic corpora. After extensive counseling regarding options, he chose a penile implant. The surgical was planned using the "no touch technique." After the corporotomies were made, we began dilating the corpora. Hegar dilators and Dilamezinsert were attempted at first but met significant resistance. We switched to cutting cavernotomes and were able to dilate up to 11-Fr distally and up to 13-Fr proximally. The proper use of cavernotomes is highlighted in our video, with care being taken to aim the cutting edge of the cavernotome laterally away from the urethra. We also used the narrowest inflatable prosthesis available to us (Coloplast Titan narrow-base) and describe the narrower devices available in inflatable and malleable forms as an option for less-than-ideally dilated corpora. The pump and reservoir placement was completed uneventfully. The patient was admitted overnight for observation and check of a complete blood count given his history of sickle cell anemia. He was able to be discharged after 23 hours of observation. The patient presented to the clinic 4 weeks later for pump activation. He was able to achieve good rigidity and had a penile length adequate for penetration after maximal activation. This video discusses the approach to penile prosthesis placement in patients with significant corporal fibrosis. It highlights the proper use of cutting cavernotomes and the availability of narrow-diameter prostheses, both malleable and inflatable

Trends in Utilization of Robotic and Open Partial Nephrectomy for Management of cT1 Renal Masses

Partial nephrectomy is widely used for surgical management of small renal masses. Use of robotic (RPN) versus open partial nephrectomy (OPN) among various populations is not well characterized. To analyze trends in utilization of RPN and disparities that may be associated with this procedure for management of cT1 renal masses in the USA. Patients who underwent RPN or OPN for clinical stage T1N0M0 renal masses in the USA from 2010 to 2013 were identified in the National Cancer Data Base. A total of 23 154 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate differences in receiving RPN or OPN across various patient groups. Utilization of RPN increased from 41% in 2010 to 63% in 2013. Black patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84–0.98) and Hispanic patients (aOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77–0.95) were less likely to undergo RPN. RPN was less likely to be performed in rural counties (aOR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66–0.98) and in patients with no insurance (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.44–0.61) or patients covered by Medicaid (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.90). There was no significant difference in RPN utilization between academic and non-academic facilities. Patients with higher clinical stage (aOR 0.58, 95% CI 0.55–0.62) and comorbidities (aOR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71–0.88) were also less likely to undergo RPN. Utilization of RPN has continued to increase over time; however, there are significant disparities in its utilization according to race and socioeconomic status. Black and Hispanic patients and patients in rural communities and with limited insurance were more likely to be treated with OPN instead of RPN. The use of robotic surgery in partial nephrectomy for management of small renal masses has increased over time. We found a significant disparity across different racial and socioeconomic groups in use of robotic partial nephrectomy compared to open surgery. Patients living in rural areas, with limited insurance, and multiple medical comorbidities were more likely to undergo open than robotic partial nephrectomy. Despite the increased use of robotic partial nephrectomy for management of cT1 renal masses, there is significant disparity in its utilization across different racial and sociodemographic groups in the USA

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data